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Melt flow,heat transfer and solidification in a flexible thin slab continuous casting mold with vertical-combined electromagnetic braking

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2024年第2期31卷 401-415页

作者： Lin Xu Ze-feng Han christian karcher En-gang Wang Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Processing of Materials(Ministry of Education) Northeastern UniversityShenyang110819LiaoningChina Key Laboratory of Liaoning Province for Clean Combustion Power Generation and Heating Technology Shenyang Institute of EngineeringShenyang110136LiaoningChina Institute of Thermodynamics and Fluid Mechanics Technische Universität IlmenauIlmenau98684Germany

During continuous casting of steel slabs,the application of electromagnetic braking technology(EMBr)provides an effective tool to influence solidification by controlling the pattern of melt flow in the ***,the quality of the final product can be improved considerably.A new electromagnetic braking(EMBr)method,named vertical-combined electromagnetic braking(VC-EMBr),is proposed to be applied to a flexible thin slab casting(FTSC)*** evaluate the beneficial effects of the VC-EMBr,the melt flow,heat transfer,and solidification processes in the FTSC mold are studied by means of numerical *** detail,a Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes turbulence model together with an enthalpy-porosity approach was *** numerical findings are compared with respective simulations using the traditional *** results demonstrate that the application of the VC-EMBr contributes significantly to preventing relative slab *** contrast to the Ruler-EMBr,the additional vertical magnetic poles of the VC-EMBr preferentially suppress the direct impact of jet flow on the narrow face of FSTC mold and considerably diminish the level fluctuation near the meniscus *** instance,by applying a magnetic flux density of 0.3 T,the maximum amplitude of meniscus deflection reduces by about 80%.Moreover,the braking effect of the VC-EMBr effectively improves the homogeneity of temperature distribution in the upper recirculation region and increases the solidified shell thickness along the casting *** this basis,the newly proposed VC-EMBr shows a beneficial effect in preventing relative slab defects for FTSC thin slab continuous casting.

关键词： Electromagnetic braking Mold Melt flow Heat transfer Solidification

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Flowrate Measurement in Turbulent Liquid Metal Channel Flow Using Time-of-Flight Lorentz Force Velocimetry:Experimental Investigations and Numerical Modeling

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2012年第S1期19卷 582-585页

作者： JIAN Dan-dan karcher christian Ilmenau University of Technology Institute of Thermodynamics and Fluid MechanicsIlmenau D-98684Germany

Lorentz force velocimetry(LFV)is a suitable non-contact technique to measure flow velocity and flowrates in electrically conducting high-temperature *** is based on the principles of magnetohydrodynamics:when an electrically conducting fluid passes the field lines produced by a magnet system,eddy currents are induced within the *** interactions of the eddy currents with the magnetic field generate Lorentz *** LFV the counterforce acting on the magnet system is *** a flowmeter consists of a permanent magnet system and an attached digital force *** force recorded by the flowmeter is proportional to the flowrate Q and depends on both the electrical conductivity σ of the fluid and the spatial distribution of the applied magnet field ***,in metallurgical applications,σ is often unknown or fluctuates in time as it strongly depends on both temperature and composition of the *** the present paper we investigate a technique called Time-of-Flight Lorentz force velocimetry ToF *** this technique,the flowrate can be determined by just cross-correlating the two force signals recorded by two flowmeters which are arranged one behind the other separated by a certain distance *** the passage of the triggered vortices, this ToF LFV measures the transit time τ of these *** we recalculate the velocity V according to the relation V = D/τ.We experimentally and numerically study turbulent liquid metal flow in the test facility EFCO(electromagnetic flow control channel)using the eutectic alloy GainSn as a test *** experiments show that this electromagnetic ToF LFV is well suited to determine the flow velocity and *** experiments are accompanied by numerical simulations using the commercial program package FLUENT.

关键词： Lorentz force velocimetry electromagnetic flowrate measurement magnetohydrodynamic

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Investigation of Lorentz Force Velocimetry Using Electromagnets

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2012年第S1期19卷 106-109页

作者： SANTARA Fatoumata Bintou karcher christian THESS Andre Institute of Thermodynamics and Fluid Mechanics Ilmenau University of TechnologyIlmenau 100565 98684Germany

The present work is an analysis on the ElectroMagnetic Lorentz Force Velocimetry(EM-LFV).This noncontact flow measurement technique is based on evaluating the Lorentz force generated by the interactions of an electrically conducting fluid with a localized magnetic field that is produced by *** and numerical calculations were carried out as a continuation of a previous work published by Thess et *** objective is to establish the behavior of the Lorentz force as a function of the main geometric parameters considered in the studied geometry. Thus we present here the evolution of the Lorentz force induced in a translating cylindrical solid body and the coefficient of sensitivity of the flowmeter thanks to numerical simulations in respect with the main geometrical parameters of the problem.

关键词： computational magneto-hydrodynamics Lorentz force velocimetry electromagnet

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Preliminary experimental study on applicability of Lorentz force velocimetry in an external magnetic field

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2018年第6期29卷 28-35页

作者： Yan-Qing Tan Run-Cong Liu Shang-Jun Dai Xiao-Dong Wang Ming-Jiu Ni Juan-Cheng Yang Nataliia Dubovikova Yurii Kolesnikov christian karcher College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology University of Chinese Academy of Sciences The Fifth Electronics Research Institute Ministry of Industry and Information Technology School of Engineering Science University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Thermodynamics and Fluid Mechanics Ilmenau University of Technology

Lorentz force velocimetry(LFV) is a noncontact technique for measuring electrically conducting fluids based on the principle of electromagnetic induction. This work aims to answer the open and essential question of whether LFV can work properly under a surrounding external magnetic field(ExMF). Two types of Ex MFs with different magnetic intensities were examined: a magnetic field with a typical order of 0.4 T generated by a permanent magnet(PM) and another generated by an electromagnet(EM) on the order of 2 T. Two forces, including the magnetostatic force between the Ex MF and PM in the LFV, and the Lorentz force generated by the PM in LFV were measured and analyzed in the experiment. In addition,Ex MFs of varying strengths were added to the LFV, and the location of the LFV device in the iron cores of the EM was considered. The experimental outcomes demonstrate that it is possible for a LFV device to operate normally under a moderate Ex MF. However, the magnetostatic force will account for a high proportion of the measured force,thus inhibiting the normal LFV operation, if the Ex MF is too high.

关键词： Lorentz 外部磁场试验性适用性学习设备操作永久磁铁测量基

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Development of a Non-Contact Electromagnetic Surface Velocity Sensor for Molten Metal Flow

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2012年第S1期19卷 509-513页

作者： JIAN Dan-dan karcher christian XU Xiu-jie DENG An-yuan WANG En-gang THESS André Ilmenau University of Technology Institute of Thermodynamics and Fluid MechanicsIlmenau 100565Germany Key Laboratories on EPM Ministry of ScienceNortheastern University

During continuous casting of steel,knowledge of both direction and magnitude of the velocity at the mold surface is of special ***,the surface is covered by a non-transparent layer of mold powder to prevent formation of ***,this meniscus flow cannot be registered by optical measurement ***-contact measurement methods are of *** of such non-invasive techniques is Lorentz force veloeimetry(LFV).It is based on measuring the electromagnetically induced force acting on a magnet *** this paper we present a series of experiments that aim to demonstrate the feasibility of using two identical velocimeters,termed Time-of-Flight LFV(ToF LFV).Using ToF LFV the free-surface velocity may be purely determined by cross-correlating the two force signals delivered by the two force *** have developed a special prototype of such a measuring device termed meniscus velocity sensor(MVS).It has been designed to record local surface velocities in high-temperature metal *** Ilmenau University of Technology,the method has been successfully tested using both solid body movement and Ga^(68%)In^(20%)Sn^(12%)as a low-melting model *** the present paper we apply this technique to the case of high-temperature metal *** more detail,we present test measurements under industry-relevant conditions using both Sn^(32%)pb^(52%)Bi at 210℃ and molten steel at about 1700℃.These experiments were conducted at Key Laboratories on EPM at North Eastern *** evaluation of the data shows that our prototype of MVS works well in producing reproducible signals of which surface velocity can be determined.

关键词： free-surface liquid melt flow Lorentz force velocimetry magnetohydrodynamics

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Flowrate Measurement in Turbulent Liquid Metal Channel Flow Using Time-of-Flight Lorentz Force Velocimetry:Experimental Investigations and Numerical Modeling

Flowrate Measurement in Turbulent Liquid Metal Channel Flow ...

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第七届冶金与材料电磁过程国际会议（EPM2012）

作者： JIAN Dan-dan karcher christian Ilmenau University of Technology Institute of Thermodynamics and Fluid Mechanics

Lorentz force velocimetry（LFV） is a suitable non-contact technique to measure flow velocity and flowrates in electrically conducting high-temperature *** is based on the principles of magnetohydrodynamics:when an electrically conducting fluid passes the field lines produced by a magnet system,eddy currents are induced within the *** interactions of the eddy currents with the magnetic field generate Lorentz *** LFV the counterforce acting on the magnet system is *** a flowmeter consists of a permanent magnet system and an attached digital force *** force recorded by the flowmeter is proportional to the flowrate Q and depends on both the electrical conductivity a of the fluid and the spatial distribution of the applied magnet field ***,in metallurgical applications,σ is often unknown or fluctuates in time as it strongly depends on both temperature and composition of the *** the present paper we investigate a technique called Time-of-Flight Lorentz force velocimetry ToF *** this technique,the flowrate can be determined by just cross-correlating the two force signals recorded by two flowmeters which are arranged one behind the other separated by a certain distance *** the passage of the triggered vortices,this ToF LFV measures the transit time t of these *** we recalculate the velocity V according to the relation V=D/τ.We experimentally and numerically study turbulent liquid metal flow in the test facility EFCO（electromagnetic flow control channel） using the eutectic alloy GaInSn as a test *** experiments show that this electromagnetic ToF LFV is well suited to determine the flow velocity and *** experiments are accompanied by numerical simulations using the commercial program package FLUENT.

关键词： Lorentz force velocimetry,electromagnetic flowrate measurement magnetohydrodynamic.

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Lorentz Force Velocimetry for Local Velocity Measurement

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2012年第S1期19卷 578-581页

作者： HEINICKE christiane PULUGUNDLA Gautam TYMPEL Saskia BOECK Thomas karcher christian SCHUMACHER Joerg RAHNEBERG Ilko FROEHLICH Thomas HILBRUNNER Falko THESS André Department of Mechanical Engineering Ilmenau University of TechnologyIlmenau 98684Germany

Standard flow measurement techniques fail for liquid metals due to their high temperatures,opaqueness and ***,recent developments in the measurement of volumetric fluxes of industrially relevant metal melts have been *** of these methods,Lorentz Force Velocimetry(LFV)is based on the measurement of Lorentz forces generated when an electrically conducting fluid moves through a magnetic *** aim is to extend the working range of this method to the measurement of local flow *** resolve local velocity fluctuations we reduce the size of the permanent magnet that produces the magnetic *** use the fundamental setup of a square duct filled with the eutectic alloy GaInSn and having a cross-section of 5 cm by 5 *** magnet cube employed has an edge length of 1 *** this setup,we investigate both experimentally and numerically the interaction between the liquid metal flow and the non-uniform magnetic *** results help in understanding the effect of flow dynamics on the total Lorentz force.

关键词： liquid metal flow measurement local resolution contactless

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