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Effects of estrogen receptor modulators on cytoskeletal proteins in the central nervous system

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Neural Regeneration Research 2017年第8期12卷 1231-1240页

作者： julia j.Segura-Uribe Rodolfo Pinto-Almazán Angélica Coyoy-Salgado Claudia E.Fuentes-Venado christian Guerra-Araiza Unidad de Investigacion Modica en Enfermedades Neurologicas Hospital de Especialidades Centro Medico Nacional Siglo XXI Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social Mexico City Mexico Seccion de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigacion Escuela Superior de Medicina Instituto Politecnico Nacional Mexico City Mexico Unidad de Investigacion Hospital Regional de Alta Especialidad Ixtapaluca Ixtapaluca Mexico Institute for the Developing Mind Children's Hospital Los Angeles Los Angeles CA USA Department of Pediatrics Keck School of Medicine University of Southern California Los Angeles CA USA Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia Mexico City Mexico Clinica de Trastornos del Sueno Universidad Autonoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa Mexico City Mexico Servicio de Medicina Fisica y Rehabilitacion Hospital General de Zona No. 197 Texcoco Mexico Unidad de Investigacion Modica en Farmacologla Hospital de Especialidades Centro Medico Nacional Siglo XXI Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social Mexico City Mexico

Estrogen receptor modulators are compounds of interest because of their estrogenic agonistic/antagonistic effects and tissue specificity. These compounds have many clinical applications, particularly for breast cancer treatment and osteoporosis in postmenopausal women, as well as for the treatment of climacteric symptoms. Similar to estrogens, neuroprotective effects of estrogen receptor modulators have been described in different models. However, the mechanisms of action of these compounds in the central nervous system have not been fully described. We conducted a systematic search to investigate the effects of estrogen receptor modulators in the central nervous system, focusing on the modulation of cytoskeletal proteins. We found that raloxifene, tamoxifen, and tibolone modulate some cytoskeletal proteins such as tau, microtuble-associated protein 1（MAP1）, MAP2, neurofilament 38（NF38） by different mechanisms of action and at different levels： neuronal microfilaments, intermediate filaments, and microtubule-associated proteins. Finally, we emphasize the importance of the study of these compounds in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases since they present the benefits of estrogens without their side effects.

关键词： estrogen receptor modulators selective estrogen receptor modulators microtubules neurofilaments tibolone tamoxifen raloxifene

Complex Effective Relative Permittivity of Soil Samples from the Taunus Region (Germany)

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journal of Earth Science 2010年第6期21卷 961-967页

作者： Katja Lauer christian Albrecht Christina Salat Peter Felix-Henningsen Institute of Soil Science and Soil Conservation Research Centre for BioSystems Land Use and Nutrition (IFZ) Justus-Liebig-University Giessen Department of Underground Space for Storage and Economic Use Federal Institute for Geosciences and Natural Resources

The most important parameter affecting ground-penetrating radar （GPR） measurements is the complex effective relative permittivity εr^＊,eff because it controls the propagation velocity and the reflection of GPR pulses. Knowing εr^＊,eff of soils passed through by electromagnetic waves increases accuracy in soil thickness and interface identification. Complex effective relative permittivity εr^＊,eff= εr^＊,eff - jεr^＊,effof 25 soil samples with textures ranging from loamy sand to silty clay was measured using the two-electrode parallelplate method. The measurements were conducted at defined water contents for frequencies from 1 MHz to 3 GHz. The results confirm the frequency dependence of εr^＊,eff and show that the dielectric behavior of soil-water mixtures is a function of water content. Applying the experimental data of this study with predictions based on the empirical model by Toppet aL （1980）, we find that Topp et aL＇s curve tends to underestimate the real part of εr^＊,eff measured. Along with frequency and water content, soil texture and organic matter affect soil permittivity. Moreover, the real part of εr^＊,eff increases at higher dry bulk densities. Output from our calibration model enables us to predict εr^＊,eff for the soil samples which were tested under the actual in situ soil water content. This results in high accuracy of soil thickness prediction.

关键词： ground-penetrating radar (GPR) complex effective relative permittivity soil sample.

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俄罗斯重新重视油菜生产

农业工程 2011年第3期1卷 107-108页

作者： christian Kowalczyk Svenja hansen

该文介绍了俄罗斯在油菜种植方面的现状及发展目标,指出了目前制约油菜种植的客观条件,同时说明了促进当地油菜种植业发展的因素,并简要介绍了俄罗斯油菜产业发展状况。

关键词：油菜子俄罗斯

Modulating effects of acyl-CoA synthetase 5-derived mitochondrial Wnt2B palmitoylation on intestinal Wnt activity

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World journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第40期20卷 14855-14864页

作者： Christina Klaus Ursula Schneider christian Hedberg Anke K Schütz jürgen Bernhagen Herbert Waldmann Nikolaus Gassler Elke Kaemmerer Institute of Pathology RWTH Aachen University 52074 Aachen Germany Department of Chemical Biology Max Planck Institute of Molecular Physiology 44227 Dortmund Germany Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology RWTH Aachen University 52074 Aachen Germany Department of Pediatrics RWTH Aachen University 52074 Aachen Germany

AIM: To investigate the role of acyl-CoA synthetase 5 (ACSL5) activity in Wnt signaling in intestinal surface epithelia.

关键词： Acyl-CoA synthetases Wnt signaling Palmitoylation Intestinal barrier Carcinogenesis

Type 1 diabetes and polyglandular autoimmune syndrome: A review

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World journal of Diabetes 2015年第1期6卷 67-79页

作者： Martin P hansen Nina Matheis George j Kahaly Department of Medicine I Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center

Type 1 diabetes(T1D) is an autoimmune disorder caused by inflammatory destruction of the pancreatic tissue. The etiopathogenesis and characteristics of the pathologic process of pancreatic destruction are well described. In addition, the putative susceptibility genes for T1 D as a monoglandular disease and the relation to polyglandular autoimmune syndrome(PAS) have also been wellexplored. The incidence of T1 D has steadily increased in most parts of the world, especially in industrialized nations. T1 D is frequently associated with autoimmune endocrine and non-endocrine diseases and patients with T1 D are at a higher risk for developing several glandular autoimmune diseases. Familial clustering is observed, which suggests that there is a genetic predisposition. Various hypotheses pertaining to viral- and bacterialinduced pancreatic autoimmunity have been proposed, however a definitive delineation of the autoimmune pathomechanism is still lacking. In patients with PAS, pancreatic and endocrine autoantigens either colocalize on one antigen-presenting cell or are expressed on two/various target cells sharing a common amino acid, which facilitates binding to and activation of T cells. The most prevalent PAS phenotype is the adult type 3 variant or PAS type Ⅲ, which encompasses T1 D and autoimmune thyroid disease. This review discusses the findings of recent studies showing noticeable differences in the genetic background and clinical phenotype of T1 D either as an isolated autoimmune endocrinopathy or within the scope of polyglandular autoimmune syndrome.

关键词： Autoimmune thyroid disease Polyglandularautoimmune syndrome Addison's disease Susceptibilitygenes Type 1 diabetes

Pelletized Poultry Litter as a Nutrient Source for Turfgrass Sports Fields

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journal of Agricultural Science and Technology 2011年第4期5卷 399-411页

作者： A. L. Sprinkle D. j. hansen S. E. White-hansen University of Delaware Newark DE 19716 USA

Natural organic fertilizers are receiving increased attention as a nutrient source for athletic turf fields. However, the performance of these fertilizers as an alternative to inorganic fertilizers is relatively untested. To address this issue, we initiated a study to evaluate turfgrass response to the use of pelletized poultry litter （PPL） as a nutrient source compared to inorganic fertilizer, and to compare core aeration and vibrating aeration. Four treatments were evaluated： synthetic fertilizer with vibrating aeration （VS）, synthetic fertilizer with core aeration （CS）, PPL with vibrating aeration （VP）, and PPL with core aeration （CP）. The PPL was applied at a nitrogen （N） rate equivalent to the synthetic fertilizer （assuming 50% availability of N）. Application of PPL did not produce significant changes in measured soil parameters during the 2.5 year study compared to the synthetic fertilizer. Minimal differences in tissue concentrations of Mn were observed. Remote sensing indicated that the CS treatment, which is the current management practice at the study site, produced the lowest turfgrass quality of all the treatments. Highest turf quality was achieved with the CP and VS treatments. Application of PPL resulted in greater turfgrass quality when compared to the same N rate of synthetic fertilizer, regardless of aeration method.

关键词： Turfgrass poultry litter natural organic fertilizer organic fertilizer remote sensing

The nucleolus as a genomic safe harbor for strong gene expression in Nannochloropsis oceanica

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Molecular Plant 2022年第2期15卷 340-353页

作者： christian Südfeld Ana Pozo-Rodríguez Sara A.Manjavacas Díez RenéH.Wijffels Maria j.Barbosa Sarah D'Adamo Wageningen University Bioprocess EngineeringPO Box 166700 AA WageningenNetherlands Faculty of Biosciences and Aquaculture Nord University8049 BodøNorway

Microalgae are used in food and feed,and they are considered a potential feedstock for sustainably pro-duced chemicals and ***,production of microalgal-derived chemicals is not yet economically *** engineering could bridge the gap to industrial application and facilitate the production of novel products from ***,we report the discovery of a novel gene expression system in the oleaginous microalga Nannochloropsis that exploits the highly efficient transcriptional activity of RNA po-lymerase I and an internal ribosome entry site for *** identified the nucleolus as a genomic safe harbor for Pol I transcription and used it to construct transformant strains with consistently strong trans-gene *** new expression system provides an outstanding tool for genetic and metabolic en-gineering of microalgae and thus will probably make substantial contributions to microalgal research.

关键词： Nannochloropsis gene expression nucleolus RNA polymerase I IRES aIRES

Mechanistic studies of PEG-asparaginase-induced liver injury and hepatic steatosis in mice

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2021年第12期11卷 3779-3790页

作者： Gundala Venkata Naveen Kumar Keito Hoshitsuki Sanjay Rathod Manda j.Ramsey Lauren Kokai Erin E.Kershaw Wen Xie christian A.Fernandez Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Center for Pharmacogenetics University of Pittsburgh School of PharmacyPittsburghPA 15261USA Division of General Internal Medicine University of Pittsburgh School of MedicinePittsburghPA 15261USA Department of Plastic Surgery University of Pittsburgh and the McGowan Institute for Regenerative MedicinePittsburghPA 15261USA University of Pittsburgh Division of EndocrinologyDepartment of MedicinePittsburghPA 15261USA

PEGylated-L-asparaginase(PEG-ASNase)is a chemotherapeutic agent used to treat pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia(ALL).Its use is avoided in adults due to its high risk of liver injury including hepatic steatosis,with obesity and older age considered risk factors of the *** study aims to elucidate the mechanism of PEG-ASNase-induced liver *** received 1500 U/kg of PEG-ASNase and were sacrificed 1,3,5,and 7 days after drug *** triglycerides were quantified,and plasma bilirubin,ALT,AST,and non-esterified fatty acids(NEFA)were *** mRNA and protein levels of genes involved in hepatic fatty acid synthesis,β-oxidation,very low-density lipoprotein(VLDL)secretion,and white adipose tissue(WAT)lipolysis were *** developed hepatic steatosis after PEG-ASNase,which associated with increases in bilirubin,ALT,and *** hepatic genes Ppara,Lcad/Mcad,Hadhb,Apob100,and Mttp were upregulated,and Srebp-1 c and Fas were downregulated after *** plasma NEFA,WAT loss,and adipose tissue lipolysis were also observed after ***,we found that PEG-ASNase-induced liver injury was exacerbated in obese and aged mice,consistent with clinical studies of ASNase-induced liver *** data suggest that PEG-ASNase-induced liver injury is due to drug-induced lipolysis and lipid redistribution to the liver.

关键词： Liver injury Leukemia Asparaginase Lipolysis Adverse drug reaction Adipose tissue Hepatic steatosis Amino acid response

Fitness components of Drosophila melanogaster developed on a standard laboratory diet or a typical natural food source

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Insect Science 2016年第5期23卷 771-779页

作者： Torsten Nygaard Kristensen Astrid Kallestrup Henningsen christian Aastrup Mads Bech-hansen Lise B. Hoberg Bjerre Benjamin Carlsen Marie Hagstrup Sofie Graarup jensen Pernille Karlsen Line Kristensen Cecillie Lundsgaard Tine MФller Lise D. Nielsen Camilla Starcke Christine Riisager SФrensen Mads Fristrup Schou Department of Chemistry and Bioscience Section of Biology and Environmental Science Aalborg University Aalborg East DK-9220 Denmark Department of Bioscience Aarhus University Aarhus C DK-8000 Denmark

Drosophila melanogaster is often used as a model organism in evolution- ary biology and ecophysiology to study evolutionary processes and their physiological mechanisms. Diets used to feed Drosophila cultures differ between laboratories and are often nutritious and distinct from food sources in the natural habitat, Here we rear D. melanogaster on a standard diet used in our laboratory and a field diet composed of decomposing apples collected in the field. Flies developed on these two diet compositions are tested for heat, cold, desiccation, and starvation resistance as well as developmental time, dry body mass and fat percentage. The nutritional compositions of the standard and field diets were analyzed, and discussed in relation to the phenotypic observations. Results showed marked differences in phenotype of flies from the two types of diets. Flies reared on the field diet are more starvation resistant and they are smaller, leaner, and have lower heat resistance compared to flies reared on the standard diet. Sex specific effects of diet type are observed for several of the investigated traits and the strong sexual dimorphism usually observed in desiccation resistance in D. melanogaster disappeared when rearing the flies on the field diet. Based on our results we conclude that care should be taken in extrapolating results from one type of diet to another and especially from laboratory to field diets.

关键词： diet field fitness life-history traits nutrition stress resistance