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Epidemiological, Clinical, Therapeutic and Evolutive Profile of Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma in a Cameroonian Population

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Open Journal of Ophthalmology 2024年第2期14卷 93-102页

作者： christelle domngang Fabiola Makamwe Tagne Leonard Tedong Chantal Ngoune Nanfack Caroline Mvilongo Giles Kagmeni Higher Institute of Health Sciences Université des Montagnes Bangangté Cameroon Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaounde 1 Yaounde Cameroon

Background: Sub-Saharan Africa has the highest prevalence of primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG), at 4.2%. The efficacy of medical treatment has been demonstrated and remains one of the treatments of choice for POAG. However, in sub-Saharan Africa, its effectiveness has many challenges, due to multiple factors, including cost and access to care. Thus, the present study aimed to determine the epidemiological, clinical, therapeutic and evolutive profile of primary open-angle glaucoma patients. Methodology: A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out in two hospitals in western Cameroon. Epidemiological, clinical, therapeutic, and evolutionary data on intraocular pressure at one year after medical treatment were analyzed. SPSS version 23 software was used for statistical analysis, with a significant p-value set at 5%. Results: A total of 201 patients with POAG were included in the study. The population comprised 100 men and 101 women, with a mean age of 54 ± 12 years. At diagnosis, the mean intraocular pressure was 23.9 ± 8.70 mmHg for the right eye and 25.5 ± 9.57 mmHg for the left eye. The mean cup/disc ratio was 0.64 ± 0.2 [0.2-1] and 0.67 ± 0.19 [02-1] in the right and left eyes, respectively. Monotherapy was the most prescribed treatment [59.2%]. After one year of treatment, intraocular pressure was reduced by 15.5% with beta-blockers, 23.66% with prostaglandins, 19.11% with carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, 35, 92% with beta-blockers and carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, 25.92% with beta-blockers and prostaglandins, 48.03% with carbonic anhydrase inhibitors and prostaglandin agonists, and 38.77% with triple therapy. Taking glaucoma severity into account, a significant reduction in intraocular pressure at one year was observed in all participants [p 0.05]. However, the target pressure was obtained in 47%, 20% and 14% of eyes suffering of mild, moderate, and severe grade of POAG respectively. Conclusion: In the present study, there was a significant reduction in i

关键词： Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma Medical Treatment Intraocular Pressure Target Intraocular Pressure

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Ocular Findings in HIV-Positive Children in Two Hospital Facilities in Yaoundé, Cameroon

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Open Journal of Ophthalmology 2020年第2期10卷 180-189页

作者： christelle domngang Nelly Kamgaing Chantal Nanfack Ngoune Josephine Ngapou Chapeh Giles Kagmeni Higher Institute of Health Sciences Université des Montagnes Bangangté Cameroon Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences Universite de Yaounde 1 Yaoundé Cameroon Hopital Gynéco-Obstétrique et Pédiatrique de Yaounde Yaoundé Cameroon

Background: HIV infection in children as well as adults remain a disease with potential multisystemic disorders despite the increased use of Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART). The aim of this work was to determine the profile of eye diseases among HIV-positive children aged 5 to 15 years in the Mother and Child Centre of the Chantal Biya Foundation and the University Hospital Centre (UHC) in Yaoundé. Materials and Methods: an analytical study was conducted from June 1, to July 31, 2019. Our sample consisted of all children aged 5 - 18 years who were HIV positive and whose parent or legal guardian gave his or her consent. A complete clinical examination was performed. The following variables were collected: socio-demographic data, Immunological data. A comprehensive eye exam was also performed. Data were analysed by the Epi info 3.5.4 software. Results: A total of 53 children were retained for the study. The population consisted of 28 boys (52.3%), for a sex ratio of 1.12. The mean age was 12.7 ± 4.2 years [5 - 18 years]. And 84.9% of children had normal immune status. The average duration of HAART was 8.3 ± 3.9 years [0 to 16 years] with more than half (50.9%) of the children on treatment for more than 8 years. The main eye complaints were pruritus (11.32%), eye pain (11.32%) and tingling (9.43%). The frequency of ophthalmological manifestations was 52.8% with adnexal involvement the most frequent (34%), followed by anterior (7.5%) and posterior segment involvement (1.9%). Anterior segment involvement was marked by granulomatous anterior uveitis, keratouveitis and corneal ulcer. A cytomegalovirus retinitis and a macular scar of a unilateral retinitis were found in 2 patients. In a multivariate analysis, elevated CD4 count (>500) was associated with ocular manifestations. Conclusion: In the HAART era, an ocular examination is mandatory to prevent harmful eye diseases among children because ophthalmological diseases remain frequent. Although they are most o

关键词： HAART Uveitis children Retinitis eye HIV CD4

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Central Corneal Thickness of Diabetic Patients in Yaoundé: Case Control Study

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Open Journal of Ophthalmology 2023年第1期13卷 136-142页

作者： Chantal Nanfack Ngoune Marie Evodie Akono Zoua Arlette Nomo christelle Noëlle Nganso Nankep Mesmin Dehayem christelle Noche domngang Giles Kagmeni Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences Yaoundé Gyneco-Obstetric and Pediatric Hospital University of Yaoundé I Yaoundé Cameroon

Background: To compare central corneal thickness (CCT) values measured in diabetic eyes and compare the CCT values in normal patients without diabetes. Methods: A total of 83 diabetic patients and 83 non-diabetic patients were prospectively enrolled in this comparative case series. CCT was measured using a Topcon CT-1P non-contact automated pachymeter, and values were compared. Results: Mean age was 57 ± 11 years, with a range of 23 and 80 years. The mean CCT was 508.87 ± 35.83 μm for diabetic patients and 513.41 ± 37.22 μm for non-diabetic patients. There was no statistically significant difference between the CCT of diabetic patients compared to non-diabetic patients (p = 0.260). We did not find a significant correlation between the CCT of diabetic patients and clinical characteristics of diabetes. However, there was a positive and statistically significant linear correlation between the CCT of diabetic patients and intra ocular pressure (IOP). Conclusion: The mean CCT in diabetic patients was lower than in non-diabetic control patients, although there was no statistically significant difference.

关键词： Cornea Central Thickness Diabetic Retinopathy Diabetes Intra Ocular Pres-sure

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Relation between Obstructive Sleep Apnea-Hypopnea Syndrome and Glaucoma in a Sub-Saharan African Population

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Open Journal of Ophthalmology 2021年第3期11卷 191-202页

作者： christelle domngang Ngambi Ferdinand Nanfack Chantal Mekieje Tumchou Pamela Kapche Diane Menanga Alain Parick Kagmeni Giles Faculty of Health Sciences Université des Montagnes Bangangté Cameroon Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences Université of Yaoundé 1 Yaounde Cameroon

Introduction: Obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) is a frequent pathology worldwide whose main mechanism is a complete or partial obstruction of the upper airway. One of the pathophysiological mechanisms described in primary open-angle glaucoma is that hypoxia in the optic nerve progressively destroys the retinal cells leading to the onset and/or aggravation of glaucoma. The aim of the study was to evaluate the risk of OSA in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma. Methodology: An analytical study was conducted from January to May 2020 at the UHC. After obtaining ethical clearance, 112 patients including 50 glaucoma patients (44.64%) and 62 in the control group were enrolled. Sociodemographic and clinical data were collected from the medical records of the participants, with or without glaucoma, and a questionnaire was administered and a clinical examination performed. The STOP BANG score was used to determine the risk level of OSAHS. Statistical analyses were performed using Epi Info version 7.2. Results: A female predominance was found (60%) in the glaucoma group with a mean age of 55 ± 17 years against 49 ± 18 years in the control group. The high risk of OSAHS was more associated with glaucoma patients. In glaucoma patients, an association was found between high risk of OSAHS and snoring (OR = [1.43 - 849.53];p = 0.029) as well as insomnia (OR = [1.36 - 482.86];p = 0.030). Conclusion: High risk of OSAHS was found in participants with chronic open-angle glaucoma. Signs of OSAHS should be sought in chronic open-angle glaucoma as it may be a factor in its progression.

关键词： Obstructive Sleep Apnea-Hypopnea Syndrome Glaucoma Risk Factor Subsaharan Africa

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Diagnostic and Therapeutic Options of Breast Cancer Patients in Yaounde, Cameroon

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Advances in Breast Cancer Research 2022年第1期11卷 50-62页

作者： Jean Dupont Kemfang Ngowa Hortense Jeanne Fouedjio Annaïk Morelle Tchami Julienne Louise Ngo Likeng christelle domngang Noche Brigitte Wandji Djouonang Florent Fouelifack Ymele Pascal Foumane Emile Telesphore Mboudou Pierre Marie Tebeu Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaounde I Yaounde Cameroon University of Montagnes Bangangté Cameroon Catholic University of Central Africa Yaounde Cameroon Higher Institute of Medical Technology Nkolondom Cameroon

Introduction: Breast cancer remains a public health problem due to its severity and because it is the leading cause of death from cancers in women worldwide as well as in Cameroon. Our objective was to study the diagnostic and therapeutic options that patients followed for breast cancer choose in Yaounde. Method: This was an analytical cross-sectional study with prospective data collection among patients followed for breast cancer at two referral hospitals in Yaounde from February 1, 2019 to August 31, 2019. Data collected were recorded and analyzed using R application version 3.5.0., p va

关键词： Breast Cancer Traditional Medicine Therapeutic Abstention Naturopathy Contemporary Medicine

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Hygienic and Dietary Measures in Cameroonian Hypertensive Patients Followed at the Douala General Hospital: Knowledge, Compliance and Effect on Blood Pressure Control

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World Journal of Cardiovascular Diseases 2023年第1期13卷 21-31页

作者： Félicité Kamdem Grace Eugénie Makota Ndongo christelle Noche domngang Hamadou Ba Jaff Fenkeu Kweban Glwadys Ngono Atéba Sidick Mouliom Henri Ngoté Lade Viché Caroline Kenmegne Marie Solange Ndom Ebongue Siddikatou Djibrilla Elysée Claude Bika Léle Samuel Kingue Department of Internal Medicine Douala General Hospital Douala Cameroon Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Douala Douala Cameroon Institut Supérieur des Sciences de la Santé Université des Montagnes Bangangté Cameroon Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaoundé I Yaoundé Cameroon Intensive Care Unit Douala General Hospital Douala Cameroon Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of N’Gaoundéré N’Gaoundéré Cameroon Faculty of Health Sciences University of Buea Buea Cameroon Physiology and Medicine of Physical Activities and Sports Unit University of Douala Douala Cameroon

Introduction: The management of hypertension is mostly based on pharmacotherapy and hygienic and dietary measures (HDMs) for which little data is available in Cameroon. The concern to improve the quality of life of hypertensive patients led us to study the knowledge, compliance and effect of HDMs among Cameroonian hypertensive patients. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study carried out at the Douala General Hospital;the census of patients was carried out from 05 March to 10 May 2018. The data evaluated were knowledge and compliance with HDMs with an inference of their effect on blood pressure control. Results: We recruited 330 participants at mean age of 60 ± 11 years, 37.9% men;57.3% with blood pressure (BP) controlled. Out of 330 subjects, 308 (93.3%) who had been educated about dietary health measures for hypertension were assessed on knowledge, compliance and effect of these measures against 22 (6.7%) who had never heard about them. Around 85.7% of participants had good knowledge of HDMs and 78.9% had good compliance with them. There was no statistically significant influence of knowledge and compliance with HDMs on blood pressure control. Conclusion: The level of knowledge and adherence to HDMs of hypertensive patients at the Douala General Hospital was appreciable. It is however appropriate for physicians to intensify patient education on HDMs and BP control.

关键词： Hypertension Hygienic and Dietary Measures Blood Pressure Control Knowledge Compliance

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