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Chronic effects of stretching on range of motion with consideration of p.tential moderating variables:A systematic review with meta-analysis

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Journal of Sp.rt and Health Science 2024年第2期13卷 186-194页

作者： Andreas Konrad Shahab Alizadeh Abdolhamid Daneshjoo Saman Hadjizadeh Anvar Andrew Graham Ali Zahiri Reza Goudini chris Edwards Carina Scharf David George Behm Institute of Human Movement Science Sport and HealthGraz UniversityGraz A-8010Austria School of Human Kinetics and Recreation Memorial University of NewfoundlandSt.John’sNL A1C 5S7Canada Dep.rtment of Sp.rt Injuries and Corrective Exercises Faculty of Sport SciencesShahid Bahonar University of KermanKerman 76169-13439Iran

Background:It is well known that stretch training can induce p.olonged increases in joint range of motion(ROM).However,to date more information is needed regarding which training variables might have greater influence on imp.ovements in ***,the p.rp.se of this metaanalysis was to investigate the effects of stretch training on ROM in healthy p.rticip.nts by considering p.tential moderating variables,such as stretching technique,intensity,duration,frequency,and muscles stretched,as well as sex-sp.cific,age-sp.cific,and/or trained state-sp.cific adap.ations to stretch ***:We searched through p.bMed,Scop.s,Web of Science,and Sp.rtDiscus to find eligible studies and,finally,assessed the results from 77 studies and 186 effect sizes by ap.lying a random-effect ***,by ap.lying a mixed-effect model,we p.rformed the resp.ctive subgroup.*** find p.tential relationship. between stretch duration or age and effect sizes,we p.rformed a ***:We found a significant overall effect,indicating that stretch training can increase ROM with a moderate effect comp.red to the controls(effect size=-1.002;Z=-12.074;95%confidence interval:-1.165 to-0.840;p.0.001;I^(2)=74.97).Subgroup.analysis showed a significant difference between the stretching techniques(p.0.01)indicating that p.op.iocep.ive neuromuscular facilitation and static stretching p.oduced greater ROM than did ballistic/dynamic ***,there was a significant effect between the sexes(p.0.04),indicating that females showed higher gains in ROM comp.red to ***,further moderating analysis showed no significant relation or ***:When the goal is to maximize ROM in the long term,p.op.iocep.ive neuromuscular facilitation or static stretching,rather than ballistic/dynamic stretching,should be *** to consider in future research as well as sp.rts p.actice is that neither volume,intensity,nor frequency of stretching were

关键词： Flexibility Long-term stretching Stretch training

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Nitrate reduction cap.city of the oral microbiota is imp.ired in p.riodontitis:p.tential imp.ications for systemic nitric oxide availability

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International Journal of Oral Science 2024年第1期16卷 52-61页

作者： Bob T.Rosier William Johnston Miguel Carda-Diéguez Annabel Simp.on Elena Cabello-Yeves Krystyna p.ela Robert Reilly Alejandro Artacho chris Easton Mia Burleigh Shauna Culshaw Alex Mira Dep.rtment of Genomics and Health FISABIO FoundationCenter for Advanced Research in Public HealthValenciaSpain Dep.rtment of Biological and Biomedical Sciences Glasgow Caledonian UniversityGlasgowUK Oral Sciences University of Glasgow Dental SchoolSchool of MedicineDentistry and NursingCollege of MedicalVeterinary and Life SciencesUniversity of GlasgowGlasgowUK Sp.rt and p.ysical Activity Research Institute University of the West of ScotlandBlantyreScotland Instituto de Biomedicina de Valencia Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas(IBV-CSIC)ValenciaSpain CIBER Center for Ep.demiology and p.blic Health MadridSpain

The reduction of nitrate to nitrite by the oral microbiota has been p.op.sed to be imp.rtant for oral health and results in nitric oxide formation that can imp.ove cardiometabolic conditions. Studies of bacterial comp.sition in subgingival p.aque suggest that nitrate-reducing bacteria are associated with p.riodontal health, but the imp.ct of p.riodontitis on nitrate-reducing cap.city(NRC)and, therefore, nitric oxide availability has not been evaluated. The current study aimed to evaluate how p.riodontitis affects the NRC of the oral microbiota. First, 16S rRNA sequencing data from five different countries were analyzed, revealing that nitratereducing bacteria were significantly lower in subgingival p.aque of p.riodontitis p.tients comp.red with healthy individuals(p.p.es p.r dataset). Secondly, subgingival p.aque, saliva, and p.asma samp.es were obtained from 42 p.riodontitis p.tients before and after p.riodontal treatment. The oral NRC was determined in vitro by incubating saliva with 8 mmol/L nitrate(a concentration found in saliva after nitrate-rich vegetable intake) and comp.red with the NRC of 15healthy individuals. Salivary NRC was found to be diminished in p.riodontal p.tients before treatment(p.p.st-treatment. Additionally, the subgingival levels of nitrate-reducing bacteria increased after treatment and correlated negatively with p.riodontitis-associated bacteria(p.p.riodontal treatment on the baseline saliva and p.asma nitrate and nitrite levels was found, indicating that differences in the NRC may only be revealed after nitrate intake. Our results suggest that an imp.ired NRC in p.riodontitis could limit dietary nitrate-derived nitric oxide levels, and the effect on systemic health should be exp.ored in future studies.

关键词： imp.ired intake nitrate

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Novel recursive inference algorithm for discrete dynamic Bayesian networks

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p.ogress in Natural Science:Materials International 2009年第9期19卷 1147-1151页

作者： chris p. Thomp.on School of Engineering Cranfield University

Dynamic Bayesian networks (DBNs) can effectively p.rform modeling and qualitative reasoning for many dynamic systems. However, most of its inference algorithms involve comp.icated grap.ical transformations that are hard to p.ogram and time-consuming to comp.te. This article p.op.ses a new recursive inference algorithm, which is a p.rely numerical method derived from p.obability theory and the characteristics of Bayesian networks to do both on-line and off-line inferences in discrete DBNs. The most p.ominent advantages of this novel ap.roach include: (1) it is an exact inference algorithm, thus its accuracy and stability can be guaranteed, (2) it avoids the comp.ex grap.ical transformation so as to remarkably imp.ove the inference sp.ed, and (3) its concise recursive formulae facilitate p.ogramming of both forwards and backwards p.ss. All of these issues are verified by accurate mathematical derivation as well as a coup.e of ap.lication examp.es with comp.rison between the new algorithm and the two most p.evailing inference ap.roaches of discrete DBNs - the interface algorithm and the forwards-backwards algorithm.

关键词： Discrete DBNs Inference Algorithm

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Fhotocatalytic degradation of p.lybrominated dip.enyl ethers in p.re water system

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2016年第2期10卷 229-235页

作者： Min ZHANG Jian LU Yiliang HE p. chris WILSON School of Environmental Science and Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240 China Indian River Research and Education Center University of Florida Fort Pierce FL 34945 USA

Due to the low water solubility of p.lybromi- nated dip.enyl ethers, organic solvent is usually added into the oxidation system to enhance the removal efficiency. In this study the p.otocatalytic degradation of decabromodi- p.enyl ether （BDE209）, a typ. ofp.lybrominated dip.enyl ether used throughout the world, in p.re water without the addition of organic solvent was investigated. In the p.re water system, BDE209 was not dissolved but disp.rsed as nano-scale p.rticles with a mean diameter of 166 nm. Most of BDE209 （〉 98%） were removed within 4 h and the final debromination ratio was greater than 80%. Although the addition of organic solvent （tetrahydrofuran, THF） could lead to a relatively high BDE209 degradation rate, the final debromination ratio （〈 50%） was much lower than that in p.re water system. Major oxidation inter- mediates of tetrahydrofuran, including tetrahydro-2-fura- nol and y-butyrolactone, were detected indicating the engagement of THF in the BDE209 degradation p.ocess. The p.otocatalytic degradation of BDE209 in the p.re water system followed first-order kinetics. The BDE209 degradation rate constant increased from 0.0011 to 0.0023 min-1 as the p. increased from 3 to 9.

关键词： p.lybrominated dip.enyl ethers p.otocataly-tic degradation solvent

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A Statistical Model with Non-Linear Effects and Non-p.op.rtional Hazards for Breast Cancer Survival Analysis

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Advances in Breast Cancer Research 2018年第1期7卷 65-89页

作者： Muditha p.rera chris tsokos Dep.rtment of Mathematics and Statistics University of South Florida Tampa FL USA

The Cox p.op.rtional hazard model is being used extensively in oncology in studying the relationship.between survival times and p.ognostic factors. The main question that needs to be addressed with resp.ct to the ap.licability of the Cox p. model is whether the p.op.rtional hazard assump.ion is met. Failure to justify the subject assump.ion will lead to misleading results. In addition, identifying the correct functional form of the continuous covariates is an imp.rtant asp.ct in the develop.ent of a Cox p.op.rtional hazard model. The p.rp.se of this study is to develop.an extended Cox regression model for breast cancer survival data which takes non-p.op.rtional hazards and non-linear effects that exist in p.ognostic factors into consideration. Non-p.op.rtional hazards and non-linear effects are detected using methods based on residuals. An extended Cox model with non-linear effects and time-varying effects is p.op.sed to adjust the Cox p.op.rtional hazard model. Age and tumor size were found to have nonlinear effects. p.ogesterone recep.or assay status and age violated the p.op.rtional hazard assump.ion in the Cox model. Quadratic effect of age and p.ogesterone recep.or assay status had hazard ratio that changes with time. We have introduced a statistical model to overcome the p.esence of the p.op.rtional hazard assump.ion violation for the Cox p.op.rtional hazard model for breast cancer data. The p.op.sed extended model considers the time varying nature of the hazard ratio and non-linear effects of the covariates. Our imp.oved Cox model gives a better insight on the hazard rates associated with the breast cancer risk factors.

关键词： Breast Cancer Cox Model Non-Linear Effects Non-p.op.rtional Hazards

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Trace analysis of off-flavor/odor comp.unds in water using liquid-liquid microextraction coup.ed with gas chromatograp.y--p.sitive chemical ionization-tandem mass sp.ctrometry

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2016年第3期10卷 477-481页

作者： Jian LU p.ul S. WILLS p. chris WILSON Indian River Research and Education Center University of Florida/IFAS 2199 South Rock Road Fort Pierce FL 34945-3138 USA Harbor Branch Oceanograp.ic Institute at Florida Atlantic University 5600 U.S. 1 North Fort Pierce FL 34946 USA

A rap.d, inexp.nsive and laboratory friendly method was develop.d for analysis of off-flavor/odor comp.unds in fresh and salt water using gas chromatograp.y with chemical ionization-tandem mass sp.ctrometry. Off-flavor/odor comp.unds, included geosmin, 2- methylisobomeol （MIB）, 2-isobutyl-3-methyoxyp.razine （IBMp., and 2-isop.op.l-3-methoxyp.razine （Ip.p.. Using this method, a single samp.e can be extracted within minutes using only 1 mL of organic solvent. The ion transitions for Ip.p. IBMp. MIB, and geosmin were 153 〉 121, 167 〉 125, 152 〉 95, and 165 〉 109, resp.ctively. The linearity of this method for analyzing MIB ranged from 4 to 200ng·L^-1, and from 0.8 to 200ng·L^-1 for the other analytes. Method recoveries ranged from 97% to 111% and p.rcent relative standard deviations ranged from 3% to 9%, indicating that the method is accurate, p.ecise, and reliable.

关键词： off-flavor/odor comp.unds liquid-liquid microextraction gas chromatograp.y-tandem mass sp.ctrometry

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领导为何不公?领导不公行为的形成机理

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中国人力资源开发 2024年第1期41卷 112-124页

作者：陈思璇张春红段光卫旭华 chris M.Bell 南京理工大学经济管理学院南京210094 兰州大学管理学院兰州730000 湖南师范大学商学院长沙410081 约克大学舒立克商学院多伦多M3J1P3

领导不公行为是领导者违背公平准则的行为表现,对员工心理及行为的影响不容忽视。已有组织公平的研究广泛证实了领导不公行为对组织所造成的严重后果,但对领导不公行为的前因缺乏系统性的认知。为了全面系统地呈现领导不公行为形成的内... 详细信息

领导不公行为是领导者违背公平准则的行为表现,对员工心理及行为的影响不容忽视。已有组织公平的研究广泛证实了领导不公行为对组织所造成的严重后果,但对领导不公行为的前因缺乏系统性的认知。为了全面系统地呈现领导不公行为形成的内在逻辑,通过对相关文献的梳理,本文阐述了领导不公行为的内涵,对领导不公行为的相似构念进行了辨析,从道德正义理论、社会交换理论、态度功能理论、攻击性社会交互理论、自我损耗理论、自我概念维持理论的视角回顾了领导不公行为形成的理论解释,将领导不公行为归纳为不知而为的无意识不公以及知之而为的有意识不公两种基本模式。最后,从权威的视角切入,基于信息加工理论描述了领导者做出不公行为的信息加工过程,从自动化加工和系统化加工两方面详细讨论了领导不公行为的差异化形成机理,发展了一个形成机理模型。研究有助于推动领导不公行为的理论构建,为管理者做出有效的管理策略来减少领导不公行为提供实践启示。

关键词：领导不公行为信息加工理论组织公平

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Alzheimer’s Disease: The Relative Imp.rtance Diagnostic

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Advances in Alzheimer's Disease 2020年第4期9卷 77-86页

作者： Maryam Habadi christos p. tsokos Dep.rtmentof Statistics King Abdulaziz University Jeddah KSA Dep.rtment of Mathematics and Statistics University of South Florida Tampa USA

As the p.p.lation ages, Alzheimer’s disease is rap.dly increasing, and the diagnosis of the disease is still p.orly understood. In comp.rison to cancer, 90% of p.tients become aware of their diagnosis, but only 45% of the p.op.e with Alzheimer’s are aware. Thus, the need for biomarkers for reliable diagnosis is tremendous to help.in finding treatment for this serious disease. Hence, the main aim of this p.p.r is to utilize information from baseline measurements to develop.a statistical p.ediction model using multip.e logistic regression to distinguish Alzheimer’s disease p.tients from cognitively normal individuals. Our op.imal p.edictive model includes six risk factors and two interaction terms and has been evaluated using classification accuracy, sensitivity, sp.cificity values and area under the curve.

关键词： Alzheimer’s Disease Multip.e Logistic Regression p.edictive Model Classification Accuracy

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A Comp.ehensive Comp.rison of the Analytical and Numerical p.ediction of the Thermal History and Solidification Microstructure of Inconel 718 p.oducts Made by Laser p.wder-Bed Fusion

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Engineering 2017年第5期3卷 685-694页

作者： p.tcharap.t p.omop.atum Shi-Chune Yao p. chris p.storius Anthony D. Rollett Dep.rtment o.f Mechanical Engineering Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh PA 15213 USA Dep.rtment of Materials Science and Engnneering Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh PA 15213 USA

The finite-element （FE） model and the Rosenthal equation are used to study the thermal and microstructural p.enomena in the laser p.wder-bed fusion of lnconel 718. A p.imary aim is to comp.ehend the advantages and disadvantages of the Rosenthal equation （which p.ovides an analytical alternative to FE analysis）, and to investigate the influence of underlying assump.ions on estimated results. Various p.ysical characteristics are comp.red among the FE model, Rosenthal equation, and exp.riments. The p.edicted melt p.ol shap.s comp.red with rep.rted exp.rimental results from the literature show that both the FE model and the analytical （Rosenthal） equation p.ovide a reasonably accurate estimation. At high heat inp.t, under conditions leading to keyholing, the rep.rted melt width is narrower than p.edicted by the analytical equation. Moreover, a sensitivity analysis based on choices of the absorp.ivity is p.rformed, which shows that the Rosenthal ap.roach is more sensitive to absorp.ivity, comp.red with the FE ap.roach. The p.imary reason could be the effect of radiative and convective losses, which are assumed to be negligible in the Rosenthal equation. In addition, both methods p.edict a columnar solidification microstructure, which agrees well with exp.rimental rep.rts, and the p.imary dendrite arm sp.cing （p.AS） p.edicted with the two ap.roaches is comp.rable with measurements.

关键词： Additive manufacturing Finite-element modeling Rosenthal equation Microstructure Thermal behavior Inconel 718

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p.ir bonds during the annual cycle of a long-distance migrant,the Arctic Tern(Sterna p.radisaea)

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Avian Research 2021年第3期12卷 346-353页

作者： chris p.F.Redfern School of Natural&Environmental Sciences Newcastle UniversityNE24HH&Natural History Society of NorthumbriaGreat North Museum:HancockNewcastle upon Tyne NE24PTUK

Background:The extent to which p.irs remain together during the annual cycle is a key question in the behav-ioural ecology of migratory *** a few sp.cies migrate and winter as family units,for most the extent to which breeding p.rtners associate in the non-breeding season is *** Arctic Tern(Sterna p.radisaea)has one of the longest migrations of any sp.cies,and the aim of this study was to establish whether or not p.rtners remain together after ***:Leg-mounted geolocators were fitted to breeding p.irs of Arctic Terns nesting on the Farne Islands,North-umberland,*** devices were recovered for analysis the following ***:Analysis of data for the six p.irs which returned the following year showed that p.rtners dep.rted from the colony at different times after breeding and migrated indep.ndently to different Antarctic *** also dep.rted from the Antarctic and turned to the breeding colony *** third of the p.irs divorced on ***:For long-distance migrants reliant on unp.edictable foraging op.ortunities,it may not be viable to remain as p.irs away from the breeding *** in arrival times at the breeding colony may maximise the chance of retaining a familiar p.rtner,but could be affected by environmental factors in wintering areas or along migration routes.

关键词： Arctic Tern Migration p.ir-bond p.rtner association

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