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Redesigning crop varieties to win the race between climate change and food security

Molecular Plant 2023年第10期16卷 1590-1611页

作者： Kevin V.Pixley Jill E.Cairns Santiago Lopez-Ridaura chris o.ojiewo Maryam Abba Dawud Inoussa Drabo Taye Mindaye Baloua Nebie Godfrey Asea Biswanath Das Happy Daudi Haile Desmae Benoit Joseph Batieno ousmane Boukar Clare T.M.Mukankusi Stanley T.Nkalubo Sarah J.Hearne Kanwarpal S.Dhugga Harish Gandhi Sieglinde Snapp Ernesto Adair Zepeda-Villarreal International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center(CIMMYT) TexcocoMexico International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center(CIMMYT) HarareZimbabwe International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center(CIMMYT) NairobiKenya Lake Chad Research Institute(LCRI) MaidiguriNigeria International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center(CIMMYT) DakarSenegal Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research(EIAR) Addis AbabaEthiopia National Agricultural Research organization(NARo) KampalaUganda Tanzania Agricultural Research Institute(TARI) NaliendeleTanzania Institut de l'Environnement et de Recherches Agricoles(INERA) OuagadougouBurkina Faso International Institute of Tropicl Agriculture(IITA) KanoNigeria Alliance of Bioversity International and CIAT KampalaUganda

Climate change poses daunting challenges to agricultural production and food *** temperatures,shifting weather patterns,and more frequent extreme events have already demonstrated their effects on local,regional,and global agricultural *** varieties that withstand climate-related stresses and are suitable for cultivation in innovative cropping systems will be crucial to maximize risk avoidance,productivity,and profitability under climate-changed *** surveyed 588 expert stakeholders to predict current and novel traits that may be essential for future pearl millet,sorghum,maize,groundnut,cowpea,and common bean varieties,particularly in sub-Saharan *** then review the current progress and prospects for breeding three prioritized future-essential traits for each of these *** predict that most current breeding priorities will remain important,but that rates of genetic gain must increase to keep pace with climate challenges and consumer ***,the predicted future-essential traits include innovative breeding targets that must also be prioritized;for example,(1)optimized rhizosphere microbiome,with benefits for P,N,and water use efficiency,(2)optimized performance across or in specific cropping systems,(3)lower nighttime respiration,(4)improved stover quality,and(5)increased early *** further discuss cutting-edge tools and approaches to discover,validate,and incorporate novel genetic diversity from exotic germplasm into breeding populations with unprecedented precision,accuracy,and *** conclude that the greatest challenge to developing crop varieties to win the race between climate change and food security might be our innovativeness in defining and boldness to breed for the traits of tomorrow.

关键词： climate change food security crop breeding cropping systems expert survey sub-Saharan Africa

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Analysis of Adoption of Improved Groundnut Varieties in the Tropical Legume Project (TL III) States in Nigeria

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Agricultural Sciences 2020年第2期11卷 143-156页

作者： Benjamin Ahmed Candidus Alichenu Echekwu S. G. Mohammed chris ojiewo Hakeem Ajeigbe Micheal Bobboh Vabi Hippolyte Affognon Jourdain Lokossou ogechi Cordelia Nwahia Department of Agricultural Economics Institute for Agricultural Research (IAR) Ahmadu Bello University Zaria Nigeria Department of Plant Science Institute for Agricultural Research (IAR) Ahmadu Bello University Zaria Nigeria Center for Dryland Agriculture Bayero University Kano Nigeria International Crop Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT) East African Regional Office Nairobi Kenya International Crop Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT) Kano Nigeria International Crop Research Institute for Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT) Bamako Mali

Agricultural technologies and innovations play a great role in increasing productivity, alleviating and reducing poverty and contributing to economic development and this is made possible through adoption of improved technologies and innovations. This study centered on analysis of adoption of improved groundnut varieties in the Tropical Legume (TL III) States of Nigeria. Purposive and simple random sampling techniques were used to select 1476 groundnut farmers in the project States and from whom primary data were collected using electronic data capturing instrument containing the questionnaire. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Average Treatment Effect (ATE) framework. The results showed that the breeding and promotion of improved groundnut varieties in Nigeria under the Tropical Legume Project and with the synergy of USAID groundnut up-scaling Project in Nigeria resulted in very high level of awareness of improved varieties, more than average level of access to the improved variety seeds, moderate level of utilization of the improved varieties among the groundnut farmers and the adoption rate of improved varieties increased from 8% at based line to 57% at the end of the project. The study recommends extension of the project to facilitate further access to these varieties and for state governments to take ownership of the projects in terms of financial commitments to promotional efforts for mass adoption by farmers.

关键词： Adoption Improved Groundnut Varieties Tropical Legume (TL III) Project

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