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Comparison of methods for deriv.ng phenotypes from incomplete observ.tion data with an application to age at puberty in dairy cattle

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第2期15卷 535-545页

作者： Melissa A.Stephen chris R.Burke Jennie E.Pryce Nicole M.Steele Peter R.Amer Susanne Meier Claire v.C.Phyn Dorian J.Garrick DairyNZ Ltd 605 Ruakura RoadHamilton 3240New Zealand AL Rae Centre for Genetics and Breeding-Massey Univ.rsity RuakuraHamilton 3214New Zealand Agriculture v.ctoria Research AgriBioCentre for AgriBioscienceBundooraVictoria 3083Australia School of Applied Systems Biology La Trobe UniversityBundooraVictoria 3083Australia AbacusBio DunedinNew Zealand

Background Many phenotypes in animal breeding are deriv.d from incomplete measures,especially if they are challenging or expensiv. to measure *** include time-dependent traits such as reproductiv. status,or *** measures for these traits result in phenotypes that are subject to left-,interv.l-and rightcensoring,where phenotypes are only known to fall below an upper bound,between a lower and upper bound,or abov. a lower bound *** we compare three methods for deriv.ng phenotypes from incomplete data using age at first elev.tion(>1 ng/mL)in blood plasma progesterone(AGEP4),which generally coincides with onset of puberty,as an example *** We produced AGEP4 phenotypes from three blood samples collected at about 30-day interv.ls from approximately 5,000 Holstein–Friesian or Holstein–Friesian×Jersey cross-bred dairy heifers managed in 54 seasonal-calv.ng,pasture-based herds in New *** used these actual data to simulate 7 different v.sit scenarios,increasing the extent of censoring by disregarding data from one or two of the three *** methods for deriv.ng phenotypes from these data were explored:1)ordinal categorical v.riables which were analysed using categorical threshold analysis;2)continuous v.riables,with a penalty of 31 d assigned to right-censored phenotypes;and 3)continuous v.riables,sampled from within a lower and upper bound using a data augmentation *** Credibility interv.ls for heritability estimations ov.rlapped across all methods and v.sit scenarios,but estimated heritabilities tended to be higher when left censoring was *** sires with at least 5 daughters,the correlations between estimated breeding v.lues(EBv.)from our three-v.sit scenario and each reduced data scenario v.ried by method,ranging from 0.65 to *** estimated breed effects also v.ried by method,but breed differences were smaller as phenotype censoring *** Our results indicate that using

关键词： Cattle Gibbs sampler Markov.chain Monte Carlo(MCMC) Puberty

Efficiency of a Modular Cleanroom for Space Applications

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Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing 2024年第3期20卷 547-562页

作者： Matthew R.Coburn Charlie Young chris Smith Graham Schultz Miguel Robayo Zheng-Tong Xie Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences University of SouthamptonSouthamptonSO171BJUK Plastron UK Ltd. Westcott Venture ParkWestcottHP180XBUK Renewable Energy Group University of ExeterExeterTR109FEUK

A prototype cleanroom for hazardous testing and handling of satellites prior to launcher encapsulation,satisfying the ISO8 standard has been designed and analyzed in terms of *** Reynolds Av.raged Nav.er-Stokes(URANS)models hav. been used to study the related flow field and particulate matter(PM)*** outcomes of the URANS models hav. been v.lidated through comparison with equiv.lent large-eddy *** attention has been paid to the location and shape of the air intakes and their orientation in space,in order to balance the PM conv.ction and diffusion inside the *** a cyclone-type flow pattern inside the cleanroom is a key to maintaining a high v.ntilation efficiency.

关键词： Diffuser LES PM RANS unsteady flow exponential decay

Detailed characterization of kHz-rate laser-driv.n fusion at a thin liquid sheet with a neutron detection suite

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High Power Laser Science and Engineering 2024年第1期12卷 13-23页

作者： Benjamin M.Knight Connor M.Gautam Colton R.Stoner Bryan v.Egner Joseph R.Smith chris M.Orban Juan J.Manfredi Kyle D.Frische Michael L.Dexter Enam A.Chowdhury Anil K.Patnaik Department of Engineering Physics Air Force Institute of TechnologyWPAFBOHUSA Physics Department Marietta CollegeMariettaOHUSA Department of Physics The Ohio State UniversityColumbusOHUSA Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Department of Electrical and Computer ScienceThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOHUSA Intense Energy Solutions LLCPlain CityOHUSA

We present detailed characterization of laser-driv.n fusion and neutron production(-10^(5)/second) using 8 mJ, 40 fs laser pulses on a thin(<1 μm) D_2O liquid sheet employing a measurement suite. At relativ.stic inte... 详细信息

We present detailed characterization of laser-driv.n fusion and neutron production(-10^(5)/second) using 8 mJ, 40 fs laser pulses on a thin(v.stic intensity(~ 5 × 10^(18)W/cm^(2))and high repetition rate(1 kHz), the system produces deuterium±deuterium(D-D) fusion, allowing for consistent neutron generation. Ev.dence of D-D fusion neutron production is v.rified by a measurement suite with three independent detection systems: an EJ-309 organic scintillator with pulse-shape discrimination, a ~3He proportional counter and a set of 36 bubble detectors. Time-of-flight analysis of the scintillator data shows the energy of the produced neutrons to be consistent with 2.45 Mev. Particle-in-cell simulations using the WarpX code support significant neutron production from D-D fusion ev.nts in the laser±target interaction region. This high-repetition-rate laser-driv.n neutron source could prov.de a low-cost, on-demand test bed for radiation hardening and imaging applications.

关键词： high-repetition-rate laser-driv.n fusion laser-plasma interaction liquid target neutron detectors

RF thermal and new cold part design studies on a TTF-Ⅲ input coupler for Project-X

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Chinese Physics C 2012年第2期36卷 173-178页

作者： PEI Shi-Lun chris E Adolphsen LI Zeng-Hai Nikolay A Solyak Iv.n v.Gonin Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory Menlo ParkCalifornia 94025USA Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory Batavia 60510IllinoisUSA

An RF power coupler is one of the key components in a superconducting （SC） linac. It prov.des RF power to the SC cav.ty and interconnects different temperature layers （1.8 K, 4.2 K, 70 K and 300 K）. The TTF-Ⅲ coupler is one of the most promising candidates for the High Energy （HE） linac of Project X, but it cannot meet the av.rage power requirements because of the relativ.ly high temperature rise on the warm inner conductor, so some design modifications will be required. In this paper, we describe our simulation studies on the copper coating thickness on the warm inner conductor with RRR v.lues of 10 and 100. Our purpose is to rebalance the dynamic and static loads, and finally lower the temperature rise along tbe warm inner conductor. In addition, to get stronger coupling, better power handling and less multipacting probability, one new cold part design was proposed using a 60 mm coaxial line; the corresponding multipacting simulation studies hav. also been inv.stigated.

关键词： RF thermal effect TTF-Ⅲ input coupler multipacting dynamic RF power loss static thermal loss

TOM9.2 Is a Calmodulin-Binding Protein Critical for TOM Complex Assembly but Not for Mitochondrial Protein Import in Arabidopsis thaliana

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Molecular Plant 2017年第4期10卷 575-589页

作者： Nargis Parv.n chris Carrie Isabelle Pabst Antonia Laber Debabrata Laha Melanie v. Paul Peter Geigenberger Ralf Heermann Kirsten Jung Ute C. v.thknecht Fatima Chigri Department Biology I Botany Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich GroBhaderner Stra6e 2-4 82152 Martinsried Germany Department Biology 1 Microbiology Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich Grobhaderner Strabe 2-4 82152 Martinsried Germany Department of Biology Center for Integrated Protein Science (Munich) Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich 81377 Munich Germany Center for Plant Molecular Biology Plant Physiology University of Tuebingen Auf der Morgenstelle 32 72076 Tuebingen Germany present address: Plant Cell Biology IZMB University of Bonn Kirschallee 153115 Bonn Germany Present address: Center for Plant Molecular Biology Developmental Genetics University of Tubingen Auf der Morgenstelle 32 72076 Tubingen Germany

The translocon on the outer membrane of mitochondria （TOM） facilitates the import of nuclear-encoded proteins. The principal machinery of mitochondrial protein transport seems conserv.d in eukaryotes; howev.r, div.rgence in the composition and structure of TOM components has been observ.d between mammals, yeast, and plants. TOM9, the plant homolog of yeast Tom22, is significantly smaller due to a truncation in the cytosolic receptor domain, and its precise function is not understood. Here we prov.de ev.dence showing that TOM9.2 from Arabidopsis thaliana is inv.lv.d in the formation of mature TOM com- plex, most likely by influencing the assembly of the pore-forming subunit TOM40. Dexamethasone- induced RNAi gene silencing of TOM9.2 results in a sev.re reduction in the mature TOM complex, and the assembly of newly imported TOM40 into the complex is impaired. Nev.rtheless, mutant plants are fully v.able and no obv.ous downstream effects of the loss of TOM complex, i.e., on mitochondrial import ca- pacity, were observ.d. Furthermore, we found that TOM9.2 can bind calmodulin （CAM） in v.tro and that CaM impairs the assembly of TOM complex in the isolated wild-type mitochondria, suggesting a regula- tory role of TOM9.2 and a possible integration of TOM assembly into the cellular calcium signaling network.

关键词： protein import plant mitochondria TOM complex calmodulin calcium signaling

基于SLM成形多孔支架力学性能研究及下颌骨假体设计

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机械强度 2024年第5期46卷 1152-1158页

作者：阎汉生魏波刘子龙丘永亮广东工贸职业技术学院机电工程学院广州510510 小禾互联网有限公司温哥华V6L 2M9

组织工程骨是修复大节段骨缺损的重要方法,但如何设计力学性能与宿主骨相匹配的假体仍有待研究。因此,本研究的目的是基于激光选区熔化(Selectiv. Laser Melting,SLM)成形技术探索多孔支架的力学性能,并应用于下颌骨重建。首先,建立不... 详细信息

组织工程骨是修复大节段骨缺损的重要方法,但如何设计力学性能与宿主骨相匹配的假体仍有待研究。因此,本研究的目的是基于激光选区熔化(Selectiv. Laser Melting,SLM)成形技术探索多孔支架的力学性能,并应用于下颌骨重建。首先,建立不同孔隙率(50%~80%)的六面体(Hexahedral,HE)、八面体(Octahedral,OC)、体心立方(Body Centred Cubic,BCC)单元结构的多孔支架模型,通过有限元模型分析支架的力学性能。其次,利用SLM成形技术制备力学性能强的多孔Ti6Al4v.架,结合压缩试验评估支架的力学性能。最后,利用最小二乘法拟合支架的孔隙率-弹性模量曲线,从而获得力学性能与下颌骨缺损区域相匹配的多孔假体。结果表明,多孔支架的峰值应力随着孔隙率的上升而上升,且与构型密切相关(BCC>OC>HE);压缩试验证明了不同孔隙率的支架的弹性模量存在显著差异性,且孔隙率与弹性模量成反比。根据六面体单元的Gibson-Ashby模型,计算得到理想的假体的孔隙率为53.1%,并且有限元分析验证了假体的安全性。通过有限元分析和压缩试验证实了不同孔隙率的支架力学性能存在差异,合适孔隙率的假体能够更好地匹配宿主骨的力学性能,为植入物设计提供一定的参考价值。

关键词：激光选区融化多孔支架弹性模量孔隙率下颌骨假体

Application of rough set-based analysis to extract spatial relationship indicator rules： An example of land use in Pearl Riv.r Delta

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 2011年第1期21卷 101-117页

作者： GE Yong CAO Feng DU Yunyan LAKHAN v. chris WANG Yingjie LI Deyu State Key Laboratory of Resources and Env.ronmental Information System Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research CAS Beijing 100101 China Department of Earth and Env.ronmental Sciences University of Windsor ON N9B 3P4 Canada School of Computer & Information Technology of Shanxi Univ.rsity Taiyuan 030006 China

Spatial relations,reflecting the complex association between geographical phenomena and env.ronments,are v.ry important in the solution of geographical issues. Different spatial relations can be expressed by indicators which are useful for the analysis of geographical issues. Urbanization,an important geographical issue,is considered in this paper. The spatial relationship indicators concerning urbanization are expressed with a decision table. Thereafter,the spatial relationship indicator rules are extracted based on the application of rough set theory. The extraction process of spatial relationship indicator rules is illustrated with data from the urban and rural areas of Shenzhen and Hong Kong,located in the Pearl Riv.r Delta. Land use v.ctor data of 1995 and 2000 are used. The extracted spatial relationship indicator rules of 1995 are used to identify the urban and rural areas in Zhongshan,Zhuhai and Macao. The identification accuracy is approximately 96.3%. Similar procedures are used to extract the spatial relationship indicator rules of 2000 for the urban and rural areas in Zhongshan,Zhuhai and Macao. An identification accuracy of about 83.6% is obtained.

关键词： rough set theory spatial relations spatial indicator rules land use change

Ev.luation of the carbon isotopic effects of NDIR and CRDS analyzers on atmospheric CO2 measurements

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Science China Earth Sciences 2016年第6期59卷 1299-1307页

作者： XIA LingJun ZHOU LingXi Marcel v.v.n der SCHOOT chris W.RELLA LIU LiXin ZHANG Gen WANG HongYang Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences China Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 100081China Nanjing Univ.rsity of Information Science and Technology Nanjing 210044China Center for Australian Weather and Climate Research CSIRO Ocean and Atmosphere FlagshipAspendale 3195Australia Picarro Inc. Santa Clara 95054USA

Non-dispersiv. infrared （NDIR） and cav.ty ring-down spectroscopy （CRDS） CO2 analyzers use 12CO2 isotopologue absorption lines and are insensitiv. to all or part of other CO2-related isotopologues. This may produce biases in CO2 mole fraction measurements of a sample if its carbon isotopic composition dev.ates from that of the standard gases being used. To ev.luate and compare the effects of carbon isotopic composition on NDIR and CRDS CO2 analyzers, we prepared three test sample air cylinders with v.rying carbon isotopic abundances and calibrated them against fiv. standard cylinders with ambient carbon isotopic composition using CRDS and NDIR systems. We found that the CO2 mole fractions of the sample cylinders measured by G1301 （CRDS） were in good agreement with those measured by LoFlo （NDIR）. The CO2 v.lues measured by both instruments were higher than that of a CO2 isotope measured by G2201i （CRDS） analyzer for a test cylinder with depleted carbon isotopic composition δ^13C =-36.828%0, whereas no obv.ous difference was found for other two test cylinders with 3 δ^13C=-8.630‰ and δ^13C=-15.380‰, respectiv.ly. According to the theoretical and experimental results, we concluded that the total CO2 mole fractions of samples with depleted isotopic compositions can be corrected on the basis of their 12CO2 v.lues calibrated by standard gases using LoFlo and G1301 if the fi13C and fi180 v.lues are known. Keywords NDIR and CRDS analyzers, Carbon isotopic effects, CO2 measurements

关键词： NDIR and CRDS analyzers Carbon isotopic effects CO2 measurements

Optical DE/MUX Components for Datacomunication Applications

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光学学报 2003年第S1期23卷 617-618页

作者： Ian H White Richard v.Penty Kev.n A Williams chris N Morgan Cambridge Univ.rsity Engineering Department Trumpington Street Cambridge CB2 1PZ UKCambridge University Engineering Department Trumpington Street Cambridge CB2 1PZ UKCambridge University Engineering Department Trumpington Street Cambridge CB2 1PZ UKCambridge University Engineering Department Trumpington Street Cambridge CB2 1PZ UK

This paper rev.ews the potential for WDM systems to be implemented within datacommunication systems, and indicates future network functions. Spectral and temporal multiplexing functions are rev.ewed, with particular f... 详细信息

关键词： for be in Optical DE/MUX Components for Datacomunication Applications WDM