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CREATING LIVABLE INFRASTRUCTURE:THE CONNECTOAKLAND VISION TO RECONNECT NEIGHBORHOODS AND CONNECT CITIES THROUGH FREEWAY REMOVAL

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Journal of Green Building 2016年第2期11卷 1-21页

作者： Andrew Faulkner Jonathan Fearn chris Sensenig Brian Stokle LEED Green Associate at Van Meter Williams Pollack Development at SummerHill Housing Group *** Urban Designer-Associate at Van Meter Williams Pollack San Francisco Recreation and Parks

Throughout the second half of the 20th Century,our nation’s cities were marred by the onslaught of unsustainable suburbanization and the expansion of limited access highways that ripped through urban centers and divided communities within *** with systematic disinvestment from redlining and white flight,these forces combined to create lasting physical,social and economic hardships in cities across the *** the last 20 years,cities have rebounded in America and new patterns of thought focused on livability,walkability and urban form have started to sprout:from the Big-Dig in Boston to Octavia Boulevard and the Embarcadero in San Francisco,cities are reassessing the value of highways that solely move automobiles through cities,and have started to focus on how these pieces of infrastructure impact the daily lives and economic interests of a their residents and *** Oakland,California,through the efforts of ConnectOAKLAND,the city is taking up the mantle of this new pattern of thought and is beginning the planning process to reconnect West Oakland to Downtown by transforming an underutilized freeway(I-980)into a multi-modal transportation corridor that reestablishes the historic urban *** project’s dual benefit will reconnect two of Oakland’s historic neighborhoods while better connecting Oakland along with the entire East Bay to San Francisco,San Jose and Silicon Valley through the incorporation of a second transbay tunnel for Bay Area Rapid Transit(BART),commuter rail(Caltrain),and high speed rail(HSR).This article will explore the ConnectOAKLAND vision for I-980 as a case study for current and future patterns of highway removal,and as a part of the national movement to rethink the role of urban highways and holistically re-envision the US transportation infrastructure.

关键词： livable infrastructure freeway removal transit oriented development

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Paving the Way to Open Data

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Data Intelligence 2019年第4期1卷 368-380页

作者： Yan Wu Elizabeth Moylan Hope Inman chris Graf Wiley 805-808 Sun PalaceNo.12A Taiyanggong Middle RoadBeijing 100028China Wiley 9600 Garsington RoadOxfordOX42DQUK Wiley 111 River StreetHobokenNJ 07030USA

It is easy to argue that open data are critical to enabling faster and more effective research *** this article,we describe the approach we have taken at Wiley to support open data and to start enabling more data to be FAIR data(Findable,Accessible,Interoperable and Reusable)with the implementation of four data policies:“Encourages”,“Expects”,“Mandates”and“Mandates and Peer Reviews Data”.We describe the rationale for these policies and levels of adoption so *** the coming months we plan to measure and monitor the implementation of these policies via the publication of data availability statements and data *** this information,we’ll be able to celebrate adoption of data-sharing practices by the research communities we work with and serve,and we hope to showcase researchers from those communities leading in open research.

关键词： Open data Data sharing Data citation Open research

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Deep learning for real-time social media text classification for situation awareness-using Hurricanes Sandy,Harvey,and Irma as case studies

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2019年第11期12卷 1230-1247页

作者： Manzhu Yu Qunying Huang Han Qin chris Scheele Chaowei Yang Department of Geography and Geoinformation Science George Mason UniveristyFairfaxVAUSA Department of Geography University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadisonWIUSA Ankura WashingtonDCUSA

Social media platforms have been contributing to disaster management during the past several *** mining solutions using traditional machine learning techniques have been developed to categorize the messages into different themes,such as caution and advice,to better understand the meaning and leverage useful information from the social media text ***,these methods are mostly event specific and difficult to generalize for cross-event *** other words,traditional classification models trained by historic datasets are not capable of categorizing social media messages from a future *** research examines the capability of a convolutional neural network(CNN)model in cross-event Twitter topic classification based on three geo-tagged twitter datasets collected during Hurricanes Sandy,Harvey,and *** performance of the CNN model is compared to two traditional machine learning methods:support vector machine(SVM)and logistic regression(LR).Experiment results showed that CNN models achieved a consistently better accuracy for both single event and crossevent evaluation scenarios whereas SVM and LR models had lower accuracy compared to their own single event accuracy *** indicated that the CNN model has the capability of pre-training Twitter data from past events to classify for an upcoming event for situational awareness.

关键词： Text mining deep learning hurricanes Twitter convolutional neural network situational awareness

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Defining the effect of sweep tillage tool cutting edge geometry on tillage forces using 3D discrete element modelling

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Information Processing in Agriculture 2015年第2期2卷 130-141页

作者： Mustafa Ucgul John M.Fielke chris Saunders Barbara Hardy Institute School of EngineeringUniversity of South AustraliaMawson LakesSA 5095Australia

The energy required for tillage processes accounts for a significant proportion of total energy used in crop *** many tillage processes decreasing the draft and upward vertical forces is often desired for reduced fuel use and improved penetration,*** studies have proved that the discrete element modelling(DEM)can effectively be used to model the soil–tool *** his study,Fielke(1994)[1]examined the effect of the various tool cutting edge geometries,namely;cutting edge height,length of underside rub,angle of underside clearance,on draft and vertical *** this paper the experimental parameters of Fielke(1994)[1]were simulated using 3D discrete element modelling *** the simulations a hysteretic spring contact model integrated with a linear cohesion model that considers the plastic deformation behaviour of the soil hence provides better vertical force prediction was *** parameters were determined by comparing the experimental and simulation results of angle of repose and penetration *** results of the study showed that the simulation results of the soil-various tool cutting edge geometries agreed well with the experimental results of Fielke(1994)[1].The modelling was then used to simulate a further range of cutting edge geometries to better define the effect of sweep tool cutting edge geometry parameters on tillage *** extra simulations were able to show that by using a sharper cutting edge with zero vertical cutting edge height the draft and upward vertical force were further reduced indicating there is benefit from having a really sharp cutting *** extra simulations also confirmed that the interpolated trends for angle of underside clearance as suggested by Fielke(1994)[1]where correct with a linear reduction in draft and upward vertical force for angle of underside clearance between the ranges of-25 and-5°,and between-5 and 0°.The good correlations give confidence to recommend further invest

关键词： DEM Cutting edge geometry

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Estimation of premature forests in Georgia (USA) using *** Service FIA data and Landsat imagery

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Journal of Forestry Research 2017年第6期28卷 1241-1252页

作者： Hojung Kim chris J. Cieszewski Roger C. Lowe Warnell School of Forestry and Natural Resources University of Georgia 180 E. Green Street AthensGA 30602 USA

We used geographic information system applications and statistical analyses to classify young, premature forest areas in southeastern Georgia using combined data from Landsat TM 5 satellite imagery and ground inventory data. We defined premature stands as forests with trees up to 15 years old. We estimated the premature forest areas using three methods: maximum likelihood classification(MLC), regression analysis, and k-nearest neighbor(k NN)modeling. Overall accuracy(OA) of classifying the premature forest using MLC was 82% and the Kappa coefficient of agreement was 0.63, which was the highest among the methods that we have tested. The k NN approach ranked second in accuracy with OA of 61% and a Kappa coefficient of agreement of 0.22. Regression analysis yielded an OA of 57% and a Kappa coefficient of 0.14. We conclude that Landsat imagery can be effectively used for estimating premature forest areas in combination with image processing classifiers such as MLC.

关键词： Landsat Maximum likelihood classification Regression analysis k-nearest neighbor

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Modelling tropical cyclone risks for present and future climate change scenarios using geospatial techniques

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2018年第3期11卷 246-263页

作者： Muhammad Al-Amin Hoque Stuart Phinn chris Roelfsema Iraphne Childs Remote Sensing Research Centre School of Earth and Environmental SciencesThe University of QueenslandBrisbaneAustralia Department of Geography and Environment Jagannath UniversityDhakaBangladesh Queensland Centre for Population Research School of Earth and Environmental SciencesThe University of QueenslandBrisbaneAustralia

Tropical cyclones and their devastating impacts are of great concern to coastal communities *** appropriate approach integrating climate change scenarios at local scales is essential for producing detailed risk models to support cyclone mitigation *** study developed a simple cyclone risk-modelling approach under present and future climate change scenarios using geospatial techniques at local scales,and tested using a case study in Sarankhola Upazila from coastal *** storm-surge models were developed up to 100-year return periods.A local sea level rise scenario of 0.34 m for the year 2050 was integrated with surge models to assess the climate change *** resultant storm-surge models were used in the risk-modelling *** developed risk models successfully identified the spatial extent and levels of risk that match with actual extent and levels within an acceptable limit of *** result showed that cyclone risk areas increased with the increase of return *** study also revealed that climate change scenario intensified the cyclone risk area by 5–10%in every return *** findings indicate this approach has the potential to model cyclone risk in other similar coastal environments for developing mitigation plans and strategies.

关键词： Tropical cyclone geospatial techniques hazard risk climate change

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A Cilia-inspired Closed-loop Sensor-actuator Array

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2018年第3期15卷 526-532页

作者： James G. H. Whiting Richard Mayne chris Melhuish Andrew Adamatzky Unconventional Computing Centre and Bristol Robotics Laboratory University of the West of England Bristol UK

Cilia are finger-like cell-surface organelles that are used by certain varieties of aquatic unicellular organisms for motility, sensing and obj ect manipulation. Initiated by internal generators and external mechanical and chemical stimuli, coordinated undulations of cilia lead to the motion of a fluid surrounding the organism. This motion transports micro-particles towards an oral cavity and provides motile force. Inspired by the emergent properties of cilia possessed by the pond organism P. caudatum, we propose a novel smart surface with closed-loop control using sensor-actuators pairings that can manipulate objects. Each vibrating motor actuator is controlled by a localised microcontroller which utilises proximity sensor information to initiate actuation. The circuit boards are designed to be plug-and-play and are infinitely up-scalable and reconfigurable. The smart surface is capable of moving objects at a speed of 7.2 millimetres per second in forward or reverse direction. Further development of this platform will include more anatomically similar biomimetic cilia and control.

关键词： bioinspiration artificial cilia object manipulation sorting platforms

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Computationally predicted energies and properties of defects in GaN

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npj Computational Materials 2017年第1期3卷 374-383页

作者： John L.Lyons chris G.Van de Walle Center for Computational Materials Science Naval Research LaboratoryWashingtonDC 20375USA Materials Department University of CaliforniaSanta BarbaraCA 93106-5050USA

Recent developments in theoretical techniques have significantly improved the predictive power of density-functional-based *** this review,we discuss how such advancements have enabled improved understanding of native point defects in *** review the methodologies for the calculation of point defects,and discuss how techniques for overcoming the band-gap problem of density functional theory affect native defect *** particular,we examine to what extent calculations performed with semilocal functionals(such as the generalized gradient approximation),combined with correction schemes,can produce accurate *** properties of vacancy,interstitial,and antisite defects in GaN are described,as well as their interaction with common *** also connect the first-principles results to experimental observations,and discuss how native defects and their complexes impact the performance of nitride ***,we find that lower-cost functionals,such as the generalized gradient approximation,combined with band-edge correction schemes can produce results that are qualitatively ***,important physics may be missed in some important cases,particularly for optical transitions and when carrier localization occurs.

关键词： correction approximation properties

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Adenylate cyclase activity of TIR1/AFB links cAMP to auxin-dependent responses

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Molecular Plant 2022年第12期15卷 1838-1840页

作者： Aloysius Wong Xuechen Tian Yixin Yang chris Gehring Department of Biology College of Science and TechnologyWenzhou-Kean University88 Daxue RoadOuhaiWenzhou 325060Zhejiang ProvinceChina Wenzhou Municipal Key Lab for Applied Biomedical and Biopharmaceutical Informatics OuhaiWenzhou 325060Zhejiang ProvinceChina Zhejiang Bioinformatics International Science and Technology Cooperation Center OuhaiWenzhou 325060Zhejiang ProvinceChina Department of Chemistry Biology&BiotechnologyUniversity of PerugiaPerugia 06121Italy

The phytohormone auxin is essential for plant growth and development as well as cellular and systemic responses to environmental *** auxin receptor TRANSPORT INHIBITOR RESPONSE 1/AUXIN-SIGNALING F-BOX(TIR1/AFB)lies within an E3 ubiquitin ligase complex(SCF^(TIR1/AFB))consisting of Skp,Cullin,and F-box *** brings together TIR1/AFB and the transcriptional repressor Auxin/INDOLE-3-ACETIC ACID(Aux/IAA),which allows the SCF^(TIR1/AFB) complex to transfer activated ubiquitin to Aux/IAA,thereby targeting it for proteasomal *** liberates the transcription factors AUXINRESPONSE FACTORs for auxin-dependent transcription(Lavy and Estelle,2016).

关键词： complex AFB of

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Planting position and shade enhance native seedling performance in forest restoration for an endangered malagasy plant

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Plant Diversity 2019年第2期41卷 118-123页

作者： Cyprien Miandrimanana J.Leighton Reid Tahiry Rivoharison chris Birkinshaw Missouri Botanical Garden Madagascar Research and Conservation Program Center for Conservation and Sustainable Development Missouri Botanical Garden

The critically endangered tree Schizolaena tampoketsana is confined to a few diminished and degraded forest fragments on the Malagasy highlands. This habitat is vulnerable to loss due to frequent fires in the surrounding grassland that threaten to spread into the forest. One of these fragments is the focus a conservation project and here the managers aim to conserve S. tampoketsana by restoring its forest habitat to its former extent as evidenced by remnant woody plants. To inform this activity the survival and early-stage growth of seedlings of four locally native tree species were compared under contrasting conditions of proximity to the remaining forest and shade. After 12 months, seedlings of three species(Baronia taratana, Eugenia pluricymosa, Uapaca densifolia) survived better and experienced improved growth in height in grassland close to the existing forest rather than distant from it, and two survived better with shade rather than unshaded. A number of mechanisms could explain these results including reduced exposure to desiccating sunlight and winds and better soil and greater water availability close to the forest. The seedlings of one species(Nuxia capitata) survived well under all conditions. This study suggests that reforestation in these dry highlands is most feasible adjacent to remnant forest fragments and in microhabitats that minimize water loss, though young plants of some tree species may be capable of surviving in harsher conditions.

关键词： Grassland Fire Forest restoration Local environment Schizolaena tampoketsana

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