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Reliability Investigation of BiCGstab and IDR solvers for the Advection-Diffusion-Reaction Equation

Communications in Computational Physics 2022年第6期32卷 156-188页

作者： chris schoutrop Jan ten Thije Boonkkamp Jan van Dijk Department of Applied Physics Eindhoven University of TechnologyThe Netherlands Department of Mathematics and Computer science Eindhoven University of TechnologyThe Netherlands

The reliability of BiCGstab and IDR solvers for the exponential scheme discretization of the advection-diffusion-reaction equation is *** resulting discretization matrices have real *** consider BiCGstab,IDR(s),BiCGstab(L)and various modifications of BiCGstab,where s denotes the dimension of the shadow space and L the degree of the polynomial used in the polynomial *** implementations of BiCGstab exist which are equivalent in exact arithmetic,however,not in finite precision *** modifications of BiCGstab we consider are;choosing a random shadow vector,a reliable updating scheme,and storing the best intermediate *** is shown that the Local Minimal Residual algorithm,a method similar to the“minimize residual”step of BiCGstab,can be interpreted in terms of a time-dependent advection-diffusion-reaction equation with homogeneous Dirichlet boundary conditions for the residual,which plays a key role in the convergence *** to the real eigenvalues,the benefit of BiCGstab(L)compared to BiCGstab is shown to be modest in numerical ***-sparse(*** random)shadow residual turns out to be essential for the reliability of *** reliable updating scheme ensures the required tolerance is truly *** the best intermediate solution has no significant *** is to modify BiCGstab with a random shadow residual and the reliable updating scheme,especially in the regime of large P´eclet and small Damk¨ohler *** alternative option is IDR(s),which outperforms BiCGstab for problems with strong advection in terms of the number of matrix-vector *** MATLAB code used in the numerical experiments is available on GitLab:https://***/chrisschoutrop/krylov-adr,a C++implementation of IDR(s)is available in the Eigen linear algebra library:http://***.

关键词： BiCGstab IDR shadow residual advection-diffusion-reaction equation

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High-performance solutions of geographically weighted regression in R

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Geo-spatial Information science 2022年第4期25卷 536-549页

作者： Binbin Lu Yigong Hu Daisuke Murakami chris Brunsdon Alexis Comber Martin Charlton Paul Harris school of Remote sensing and Information Engineering Wuhan UniversityWuhanChina Department of Data science Institute of Mathematical StatisticsTokyoJapan National Centre for Geocomputation Maynooth UniversityMaynoothIreland school of Geography University of LeedsLeedsUK sustainable Agriculture sciences North Wyke Rothamsted ResearchOkehamptonUK

As an established spatial analytical tool,Geographically Weighted Regression(GWR)has been applied across a variety of ***,its usage can be challenging for large datasets,which are increasingly prevalent in today’s digital *** this study,we propose two high-performance R solutions for GWR via Multi-core Parallel(MP)and Compute Unified Device Architecture(CUDA)techniques,respectively GWR-MP and *** compared GWR-MP and GWR-CUDA with three existing solutions available in Geographically Weighted Models(GWmodel),Multi-scale GWR(MGWR)and Fast GWR(FastGWR).Results showed that all five solutions perform differently across varying sample sizes,with no single solution a clear winner in terms of computational ***,solutions given in GWmodel and MGWR provided acceptable computational costs for GWR studies with a relatively small sample *** a large sample size,GWR-MP and FastGWR provided coherent solutions on a Personal Computer(PC)with a common multi-core configuration,GWR-MP provided more efficient computing capacity for each core or thread than *** cases when the sample size was very large,and for these cases only,GWR-CUDA provided the most efficient solution,but should note its I/O cost with small *** summary,GWR-MP and GWR-CUDA provided complementary high-performance R solutions to existing ones,where for certain data-rich GWR studies,they should be preferred.

关键词： Non-stationarity big data parallel computing Compute Unified Device Architecture(CUDA) Geographically Weighted models(GWmodel)

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Optimisation of alloy composition for highly-formable magnesium sheet

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2022年第7期29卷 1388-1395页

作者： Zhuoran Zeng Mingzhe Bian shiwei Xu Weineng Tang chris Davies Nick Birbilis Jianfeng Nie College of Engineering and Computer science Australian National UniversityACT.2601Australia Department of Materials science and Engineering Monash UniversityVIC 3800Australia state Key Laboratory of Advanced Design and Manufacturing for Vehicle Body Hunan UniversityChangsha 410082China Research Institute(R&D Center) Baosteel Group CorporationShanghai 201999China Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Monash UniversityVIC 3800Australia

The effectiveness of Ca or Gd addition on ductility and formability of Mg-Zn-Zr based dilute alloys in deep drawing has not been systematically compared *** this study,formable Mg-Zn-Gd-Zr and Mg-Zn-Ca-Zr sheet alloys are produced by hot *** sheets have similarly weakened basal texture,but the sheet of the Mg-Zn-Gd-Zr alloys has higher ductility and formability than that of Mg-Zn-Ca-Zr *** combined addition of 0.2wt%Ca and 0.4wt%Gd to the Mg-1Zn-0.5Zr(wt%)alloy leads to a Mg-1Zn-0.4Gd-0.2Ca-0.5Zr alloy that has even better ductility,and its formability during deep drawing is comparable to the benchmark Al6016 *** increase in Ca content from 0.2wt%to 0.5wt%leads to decreased sheet ductility and formability,predominantly due to grain boundary embrittlement.

关键词： magnesium sheet alloy texture microstructure formability solute segregation

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Time to treat the climate and nature crisis as one in divisible global health emergency

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General Psychiatry 2023年第5期36卷 440-442页

作者： chris Zielinski Centre for Global Health University of WinchesterWinchesterUK

Over 200 health journals call on the United Nations(UN),political leaders and health professionals to recognise that climate change and biodiversity loss are one indivisible crisis and must be tackled together to pres... 详细信息

关键词： catastrophe global preserve

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Optical clearing of the mouse skull

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Light(science & Applications) 2022年第10期11卷 2267-2268页

作者： chris Xu school of Applied and Engineering Physics Cornell UniversityIthacaNY 14853USA

High spatial resolution imaging of the mouse brain through the intact skull is challenging because of the skull-induced aberration and *** research group of Dan Zhu from Huazhong University of science and Technology has developed a skull-clearing technique that provides a long-term(~weeks),stable,transparent window for high resolution optical imaging over a large field of view.

关键词： scattering. transparent Optical

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INF-γ and IL-2 Profile as Therapeutic Markers in Tuberculosis Patients at the Jamot Hospital of Yaounde-Cameroon

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Journal of Tuberculosis Research 2024年第2期12卷 119-128页

作者： Alexandra Emmanuelle Membangbi Jacky Njiki-Bikoï Esther Del-Florence Moni Ndedi Donatien serge Mbaga Elsa Nguiffo Makue André chris Mikangue Mbongue Koko-Ta Ladiff sharonne Martha Mesembe Justin Olivier Essindi Aïcha Ngoutane Arnaud Franck Elang sabine Aimée Touangnou-Chamda George Ikomey Mondinde Eric Walter Perfura-Yone Marie Joseph Nkodo Mindimi sara Honorine Riwom Essama Department of Microbiology The University of Yaound 1 Yaound Cameroon Center for the study and Control of Communicable Diseases (CsCCD) Yaound Cameroon The Institute for Medical Research and Medicinal Plants studies Yaound Cameroon Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical sciences The University of Yaound I Yaound Cameroon The Pneumology Department Jamot Hospital of Yaound Yaound Cameroon

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the top lethal infectious diseases worldwide. In recent years, interferon-γ (INF-γ) release assays (IGRAs) have been established as routine tests for diagnosing TB infection. However, produced INF-γ assessment cannot permit to distinguish active ATB from latent TB infection (LTBI), especially in TB epidemic areas. In addition to IFN-γ, interleukin-2 (IL-2), secreted by activated T cells, is involved in immune response against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. This could be involved in the follow up of treatment response. The aim of our study was to determine IFN-γ and IL2 cytokines profiles of patients under antituberculosis treatment. Materials and Methods: A six months’ cross-sectional study was conducted at the Jamot Hospital of Yaoundé, from May to August 2021. sociodemographic and clinical data as well as 5 mL of blood were collected from each participant. INF-γ and IL-2 were determined using indirect Enzyme linked Immuno-sorbent Assay (ELIsA) according to the manufacturer’s recommendations and spectrum exam in combination with radiography and GeneXpert were used as standard. P-values Results: The results showed that men were more infected 14/61 (31.8%) with a high presence in active and resistant TB groups. The mean age was 41.3 ± 13.1 years with a 95% CI = [38.2 - 44.7], the age group with the highest infection rate was ranged between 31 and 40 years. The IL-2 and INF-γ means were respectively 327.6 ± 160.6 pg/mL and 26.6 ± 13.0 pg/mL in ATB patients, 251.1 ± 30.9 pg/mL and 21.4 ± 9.2 pg/mL in patients with resistant tuberculosis, while it was 149.3 ± 93.3 pg/mL and 17.9 ± 9.4 pg/mL in cured patients, 15.1 ± 8.4 pg/mL and 5.3 ± 2.6 pg/mL in participants presumed healthy (p γ and IL-2rates were observed between the different groups. Conclusion: Monitoring the serum levels of INF-γ and IL-2 would be useful for the follow-up of anti-tuberculosis patients, particularly in the both cytokines association case.

关键词： Tuberculosis Antituberculosis Treatment INF-γ IL-2 ELIsA

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Ecotourist trail-use affects the taxonomic, functional and phylogenetic diversity of mammals in a protected area: lessons for conservation management

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Integrative Zoology 2023年第4期18卷 647-660页

作者： Boyu LEI Zhenfei ZHENG Jifa CUI Jin ZHAO chris NEWMAN Youbing ZHOU Engineering Research Center of Eco-environment in Three Gorges Reservoir Region Ministry of EducationChina Three Gorges UniversityYichangChina state Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change Institute of Botanythe Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina University of Chinese Academy of sciences BeijingChina Wildlife Conservation Research Unit Department of ZoologyUniversity of OxfordTubneyUK

Ecotourism,by deﬁnition,aims to engage peoples’interest in wildlife and the *** use of tourist roads and trails to access sites within protected areas(PAs)can detrimentally affect the behavior and distribution of *** way mammals respond to anthropogenic pressures may differ across taxonomic,functional,and phy-logenetic groups;nevertheless,how ecotourist trail-use affects these different diversity remains ***,we assessed 6 metrics of taxonomic,phylogenetic,and functional diversity for a mammal community in a PA in central China,recording how Trail use(using Trail type as a proxy)and habitat variables affected sightings and signs of mammals across 60 replicate 0.5 km *** then examined how Trail use affected the taxonomic,functional,and phylogenetic diversity indices of species(>1 kg).Using generalized liner mixed modeling,we identiﬁed that more used trail types had a greater adverse effect on all diversity richness indices than did less used trail ***,tourist pressure was associated with a general tendency to homogenize the site’s mammal *** contrast,the effects of Trail Types on all diversity evenness indices were non-signiﬁ***-more,more developed and more heavily used trail types had a greater,signiﬁcant negative effect on taxonomic,functional,and phylogenetic richness,whereas these richness indices were unaffected by minor trail types,used less *** a general principle,lower biodiversity indices reduce ecosystem resilience,and so it is vital to better understand these responses to balance public access against biodiversity management in PAs.

关键词： anthropogenic disturbance biodiversity indices community homogenization ecotourism mammal

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Emergency robotic colorectal surgery during the COVID-19 pandemic: A retrospective case series study

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Laparoscopic, Endoscopic and Robotic surgery 2022年第2期5卷 57-60页

作者： Vicky Maertens samuel stefan Emma Rawlinson chris Ball Paul Gibbs stuart Mercer Jim s.Khan Department of Colorectal surgery Queen Alexandra HospitalPortsmouth Hospitals UniversityNHS TrustUK Department of General and Abdominal surgery AZ Sint Lucas GhentBelgium Radiology Department Queen Alexandra HospitalPortsmouth Hospitals UniversityNHS TrustUK Care Group Director of surgery Queen Alexandra HospitalPortsmouth Hospitals UniversityNHS TrustUK Department of Upper GI surgery Queen Alexandra HospitalPortsmouth Hospitals UniversityNHS TrustUK Faculty of sciences School of Health Sciences&Social WorkUniversity of PortsmouthUK

Objective: While interest in elective robotic surgery is growing, use in emergency setting remainslimited due to challenges posed by sicker patients, advanced pathology and logistical issues. During theCOVID-19 pandemic, robotic surgery could provide the benefit of having the surgeon away from thebedside and reducing the number of directly exposed medical staff. The objective of this study was toreport patient outcomes and initial learning experience of emergency robotic colorectal surgery duringthe COVID-19 ***: A case series study was conducted, including patients undergoing emergency robotic colorectalsurgery between February 2020 and February 2021 at Queen Alexandra Hospital in Portsmouth, *** data were collected from an ethics approved prospective database. Patient demographics,operative time, conversions and postoperative complications were recorded. In addition, readmissions,length of stay and short-term oncological outcomes were ***: Ten patients with median age 64 y (range, 36-83 y) were included. Four patients had roboticcomplete mesocolic resection for obstructing cancers. six had colorectal resections for benign disease inemergency setting. All were R0 with a mean lymph node harvest of 54 ± 13. Mean operative time was249 ± 117 min, the median length of stay was 9.4 d (range, 5-22 d). Only one patient was given atemporary diverting ileostomy. There were no grade III/V complications and no 30-day ***: Provided an experienced team and peri-operative planning, emergency robotic colorectalsurgery can achieve favorable outcomes with benefits of radical lymph node dissection in oncologicalcases and avoidance of diverting stoma.

关键词： Emergency surgery Robotic colorectal surgery Minimally invasive surgery COVID-19

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MINErosion 4:Using measurements from a tilting flume-rainfall simulator facility to predict erosion rates from post-mining catchments/landscapes in Central Queensland,Australia

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International soil and Water Conservation Research 2023年第3期11卷 415-428页

作者： Ashraf MKhalifa Hwat Bing so Hossein Ghadiri chris Carroll Peter Burger Bofu Yu school of Engineering and Built Environment Australian Rivers InstituteGrifith UniversityNathan4111QueenslandAustralia school of Environment and science Australian Rivers InstituteGrifith UniversityNathan411QueenslandAustralia Department of Natural Resources Mines and EnergyRockhamptonQueenslandAustralia

The use of draglines to remove overburden in Queensland opencut mines,results in landscapes that consist of long parallel tertiary overburden spoil-piles that are generally highly saline,dispersive,and highly *** height of these spoil-piles may exceed 50-60 m above the original landscapes and the slopes are at the angle of repose of around 75%or 37°.Legislation and public opinion require that these highly disturbed open-cut post-mining landscapes should be satisfactorily rehabilitated into an approved post-mining land use with acceptable erosion ***,these slopes must be reduced before the landscape can be *** most expensive component of the rehabilitation process is the re-shaping and preparation of the overburden to create a suitable landscape for vegetation *** soils and overburden varies greatly in their erodibilities,the extent and cost of earthworks can be minimized,and rehabilitation failures avoided,if soil erosion from designed landscapes can be predicted using laboratory-based parameters prior to construction of these *** paper describes the development of a model for that purpose.A catchment or landscape erosion model MINErosion 4 was developed by upscaling the existing hillslope model MINErosion 3(so,et al.,2018)and integrate it with both EsRI ArcGIs 10.3 or QGIs 3.16(freeware),to predict event based and mean annual erosion rate from a postmining catchment or *** 3 is a model that can be used to predict event and annual erosion rates from field scale hillslopes using laboratory measured erodibility parameters or routinely measured soil physical and chemical properties,and to derive suitable landscape design parameters(slope gradient,slope length and vegetation cover)that will result in acceptable erosion *** it cannot be used to predict the sediment delivery from catchments or *** 4 was validated against data collected on three instrumented catchments(up to 0.91

关键词： soil erosion MINErosion 4 model Erosion from catchments Post-mining rehabilitation Queensland

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Detecting the non-breeding region and migration route of Whimbrels(Numenius phaeopus rogachevae)in the East Asian–Australasian Flyway

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Avian Research 2022年第1期13卷 72-77页

作者： Fenliang Kuang Wei Wu David Li chris J.Hassell Grace Maglio Kar-sin K.Leung Jonathan T.Coleman Chuyu Cheng Pavel s.Tomkovich Zhijun Ma Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity science and Ecological Engineering National Observations and Research Station for Wetland Ecosystems of the Yangtze EstuaryInstitute of Eco-ChongmingSchool of Life SciencesFudan UniversityShanghai200433China school of Resources Environment and Chemistry Chuxiong Normal UniversityChuxiongYunnan675000China shanghai Chongming Dongtan National Nature Reserve Shanghai202183China National Parks Board Singapore718925Singapore Global Flyway Network PO Box 3089BroomeWA6725Australia Australasian Wader studies Group BroomeWA6725Australia Hong Kong Waterbirds Ringing Group Hong Kong999077China Queensland Wader study Group 22 Parker StreetShailer ParkQLD4128Australia Zoological Museum Lomonosov Moscow State UniversityBolshaya Nikitskaya Str.2Moscow125009Russia

Determining the migration routes and connections of migratory birds at the population level helps clarify intraspecific differences in *** subspecies have been recognized in the Whimbrel(Numenius phaeopus)in *** is the most recently described *** breeds in Central siberia,while its non-breeding region and migration routes are still *** tracked the migration of Eurasian Whimbrels captured at three non-breeding sites(Moreton Bay in east coast of Australia,Roebuck Bay in Northwest Australia and sungei Buloh Wetland in singapore)and two migration stopover sites(Chongming Dongtan and Mai Po Wetland in China).We determined the breeding sites and inferred the subspecies of the tagged birds in the East Asian–Australasian Flyway(EAAF)based on the known breeding distribution of each *** the 30 tagged birds,6 and 21 birds bred in the breeding range of *** and variegatus,respectively;one bred in the presumed transition area between the breeding range of *** and rogachevae,and two bred in the region between the breeding range of *** and *** birds that bred in the *** breeding range spent their non-breeding season in the northern sumatra,singapore,East Java and Northwest Australia and mainly stopped over along China's coasts during *** of our birds bred in the exclusive breeding range of the phaeopus *** studies have predicted that rogachevae whimbrels migrate along the Central Asian Flyway and spend the non-breeding season in West India and East *** found that at least some rogachevae whimbrels migrate along the EAAF and spend the non-breeding season in southeast Asia and *** *** is at best sparsely distributed in the EAAF in the west region,or possibly does not occur at all.

关键词： Migratory connectivity Non-breeding area Numenius phaeopus satellite tracking stopover site subspecies

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