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Modelling tropical cyclone risks for present and future climate change scenarios using geospatial techniques

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international Journal of Digital Earth 2018年第3期11卷 246-263页

作者： Muhammad Al-Amin Hoque stuart Phinn chris Roelfsema iraphne Childs Remote Sensing Research Centre School of Earth and Environmental SciencesThe University of QueenslandBrisbaneAustralia Department of Geography and Environment Jagannath UniversityDhakaBangladesh Queensland Centre for Population Research School of Earth and Environmental SciencesThe University of QueenslandBrisbaneAustralia

Tropical cyclones and their devastating impacts are of great concern to coastal communities *** appropriate approach integrating climate change scenarios at local scales is essential for producing detailed risk models to support cyclone mitigation *** study developed a simple cyclone risk-modelling approach under present and future climate change scenarios using geospatial techniques at local scales,and tested using a case study in Sarankhola Upazila from coastal *** storm-surge models were developed up to 100-year return periods.A local sea level rise scenario of 0.34 m for the year 2050 was integrated with surge models to assess the climate change *** resultant storm-surge models were used in the risk-modelling *** developed risk models successfully identified the spatial extent and levels of risk that match with actual extent and levels within an acceptable limit of *** result showed that cyclone risk areas increased with the increase of return *** study also revealed that climate change scenario intensified the cyclone risk area by 5–10%in every return *** findings indicate this approach has the potential to model cyclone risk in other similar coastal environments for developing mitigation plans and strategies.

关键词： Tropical cyclone geospatial techniques hazard risk climate change

Fluoroacetate in plants - a review of its distribution, toxicity to livestock and microbial detoxification

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2017年第4期8卷 813-823页

作者： Lex Ee Xiang Leong Shahjalal Khan Carl K. Davis stuart E. Denman chris S. McSweeney School of Chemistry and Molecular Bioscience University of Queensland St Lucia 4072 QLD Australia. School of Agriculture and Food Sciences University of Queensland St Lucia 4072 QLD Australia CSiRO Agriculture and Food Queensland Bioscience Precinct St Lucia 4072 QLD Australia

Fluoroacetate producing plants grow worldwide and it is believed they produce this toxic compound as a defence mechanism against grazing by herbivores. ingestion by livestock often results in fatal poisonings, which causes significant economic problems to commercial farmers in many countries such as Australia, Brazil and South *** approaches have been adopted to protect livestock from the toxicity with limited success including fencing,toxic plant eradication and agents that bind the toxin. Genetically modified bacteria capable of degrading fluoroacetate have been able to protect ruminants from fluoroacetate toxicity under experimental conditions but concerns over the release of these microbes into the environment have prevented the application of this ***, a native bacterium from an Australian bovine rumen was isolated which can degrade fluoroacetate. This bacterium, strain MFA1, which belongs to the Synergistetes phylum degrades fluoroacetate to fluoride ions and acetate. The discovery and isolation of this bacterium provides a new opportunity to detoxify fluoroacetate in the rumen. This review focuses on fluoroacetate toxicity in ruminant livestock, the mechanism of fluoroacetate toxicity,tolerance of some animals to fluoroaceate, previous attempts to mitigate toxicity, aerobic and anaerobic microbial degradation of fluoroacetate, and future directions to overcome fluoroacetate toxicity.

关键词： Aerobic Anaerobic Degradation Dehalogenase Fluoroacetate 1080 Synergistetes TCA Toxicity

Detection of a possible superluminous supernova in the Epoch of Reionization

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Science Bulletin 2017年第10期62卷 675-678页

作者： Jeremy Mould Tim Abbott Jeff Cooke chris Curtin Antonios Katsianis Anton Koekemoer Edoardo Tescari Syed Uddin Lifan Wang stuart Wyithe Centre for Astrophysical & Supercomputing Swinburne University Hawthorn 3122 Australia Cerro Tololo lnteramerican Observatory NOAO La Serena Chile Space Telescope Science institute Baltimore MD 21218 USA Purple Mountain Observatory Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing 210008 China Texas A&M University College Station 7X 77843 USA University of Melbourne School of Physics Melbourne 3010 Australia Departamento de Astronornia Universidad de Chile Los Condes Santiago. Chile

The Epoch of Reionization(EoR)poses a number of puzzles,including the sufficiency of ionizing radiation,the rapid production of supermassive black holes and the early appearance of abundant metals in larger *** the first of these,solutions focus on the main sequence evolution of massive stars,but the second and third puzzles involve the terminal phase of stellar evolution,

关键词：超新星再电离大质量恒星检测光度恒星演化电离辐射 EOR

Emergency robotic colorectal surgery during the COViD-19 pandemic: A retrospective case series study

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Laparoscopic, Endoscopic and Robotic Surgery 2022年第2期5卷 57-60页

作者： Vicky Maertens Samuel Stefan Emma Rawlinson chris Ball Paul Gibbs stuart Mercer Jim S.Khan Department of Colorectal Surgery Queen Alexandra HospitalPortsmouth Hospitals UniversityNHS TrustUK Department of General and Abdominal Surgery AZ Sint Lucas GhentBelgium Radiology Department Queen Alexandra HospitalPortsmouth Hospitals UniversityNHS TrustUK Care Group Director of Surgery Queen Alexandra HospitalPortsmouth Hospitals UniversityNHS TrustUK Department of Upper Gi Surgery Queen Alexandra HospitalPortsmouth Hospitals UniversityNHS TrustUK Faculty of Sciences School of Health Sciences&Social WorkUniversity of PortsmouthUK

Objective: While interest in elective robotic surgery is growing, use in emergency setting remainslimited due to challenges posed by sicker patients, advanced pathology and logistical issues. During theCOViD-19 pandemic, robotic surgery could provide the benefit of having the surgeon away from thebedside and reducing the number of directly exposed medical staff. The objective of this study was toreport patient outcomes and initial learning experience of emergency robotic colorectal surgery duringthe COViD-19 ***: A case series study was conducted, including patients undergoing emergency robotic colorectalsurgery between February 2020 and February 2021 at Queen Alexandra Hospital in Portsmouth, *** data were collected from an ethics approved prospective database. Patient demographics,operative time, conversions and postoperative complications were recorded. in addition, readmissions,length of stay and short-term oncological outcomes were ***: Ten patients with median age 64 y (range, 36-83 y) were included. Four patients had roboticcomplete mesocolic resection for obstructing cancers. Six had colorectal resections for benign disease inemergency setting. All were R0 with a mean lymph node harvest of 54 ± 13. Mean operative time was249 ± 117 min, the median length of stay was 9.4 d (range, 5-22 d). Only one patient was given atemporary diverting ileostomy. There were no grade iii/V complications and no 30-day ***: Provided an experienced team and peri-operative planning, emergency robotic colorectalsurgery can achieve favorable outcomes with benefits of radical lymph node dissection in oncologicalcases and avoidance of diverting stoma.

关键词： Emergency surgery Robotic colorectal surgery Minimally invasive surgery COViD-19

Mediastinal node staging by positron emission tomographycomputed tomography and selective endoscopic ultrasound with fine needle aspiration for patients with upper gastrointestinal cancer:Results from a regional centre

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy 2018年第1期10卷 37-44页

作者： chris Harrington Lyn Smith Jennifer Bisland Elisabet López González Neil Jamieson stuart Paterson Adrian John Stanley Glasgow Royal infirmary Glasgow G4 0ETUnited Kingdom Forth Valley Royal Hospital Larbert FK5 4WRUnited Kingdom Raigmore Hospital Inverness IV2 3UJUnited Kingdom Hospital Vega Baja Orihuela 03314Spain

AiM To investigate the impact of endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration(EUS-FNA) and positron emission tomography-computed tomography(PET-CT) in the nodal staging of upper gastrointestinal(Gi) cancer in a tertiary referral *** We performed a retrospective review of prospectively recorded data held on all patients with a diagnosis of upper Gi cancer made between January 2009 and December 2015. Only those patients who had both a PET-CT and EUS with FNA sampling of a mediastinal node distant from the primary tumour were included. Using a positive EUS-FNA result as the gold standard for lymph node involvement, the sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values(PPV and NPV) and accuracy of PET-CT in the staging of mediastinal lymph nodes were calculated. The impact on therapeutic strategy of adding EUS-FNA to PET-CT was *** One hundred and twenty one patients were included. Sixty nine patients had a diagnosis of oesophageal adenocarcinoma(Thirty one of whom were junctional), forty eight had oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma and four had gastric adenocarcinoma. The FNA results were inadequate in eleven cases and the PET-CT findings were indeterminate in two cases, therefore thirteen patients(10.7%) were excluded from further analysis. There was concordance between PET-CT and EUS-FNA findings in seventy one of the remaining one hundred and eight patients(65.7%). The sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV values of PET-CT were 92.5%, 50%, 52.1% and 91.9% respectively. There was discordance between PET-CT and EUS-FNA findings in thirty seven out of one hundred and eight patients(34.3%). MDT discussion led to a radical treatment pathway in twenty seven of these cases, after the final tumour stage was altered as a direct consequence of the EUS-FNA findings. Of these patients, fourteen(51.9%) experienced clinical remission of a median of nine months(range three to forty two months). CONCLUSiON EUS-FNA leads to altered sta

关键词： Endoscopic ultrasound Oesophago-gastric cancer staging Oesophageal cancer Positron emission tomography-computed tomography Mediastinal nodes

Sampling strategy for estimating human exposure pathways to consumer chemicals

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Emerging Contaminants 2016年第1期2卷 26-36页

作者： Eleni Papadopoulou Juan A.Padilla-Sanchez chris D.Collins ian T.Cousins Adrian Covaci Cynthia A.de Wit Pim E.G.Leonards Stefan Voorspoels Cathrine Thomsen stuart Harrad Line S.Haug Division of Environmental Medicine Norwegian Institute of Public HealthLovisenberggata 80456 OsloNorway Soil Research Centre Department of Geography and Environmental ScienceUniversity of ReadingWhiteknightsReading RG66DWUK Department of Environmental Science and Analytical Chemistry(ACES) Stockholm UniversitySE 10691 StockholmSweden Toxicological Center University of AntwerpUniversiteitsplein 12610 WilrijkBelgium institute for Environmental Studies VU UniversityDe Boelelaan 10871081 HV AmsterdamThe Netherlands Flemish institute for Technological Research(ViTO) Boeretang 2002400 MolBelgium School of Geography Earth and Environmental SciencesUniversity of BirminghamEdgbaston B152TTUK

Human exposure to consumer chemicals has become a worldwide *** this work,a comprehensive sampling strategy is presented,to our knowledge being the first to study all relevant exposure pathways in a single cohort using multiple methods for assessment of exposure from each exposure *** selected groups of chemicals to be studied are consumer chemicals whose production and use are currently in a state of transition and are;per-and polyfluorinated alkyl substances(PFASs),traditional and“emerging”brominated flame retardants(BFRs and EBFRs),organophosphate esters(OPEs)and phthalate esters(PEs).information about human exposure to these contaminants is needed due to existing data gaps on human exposure intakes from multiple exposure pathways and relationships between internal and external *** environment,food and biological samples were collected from 61 participants and their households in the Oslo area(Norway)on two consecutive days,during winter ***,dust,hand wipes,and duplicate diet(food and drink)samples were collected as indicators of external exposure,and blood,urine,blood spots,hair,nails and saliva as indicators of internal exposure.A food diary,food frequency questionnaire(FFQ)and indoor environment questionnaire were also *** 2000 samples were collected in total and participant views on their experiences of this campaign were collected via *** 91%of our participants were positive about future participation in a similar project,some tasks were viewed as *** the food diary and collection of duplicate food/drink portions were the tasksmost frequent reported as“hard”/“very hard”.Nevertheless,a strong positive correlation between the reported total mass of food/drinks in the food record and the total weight of the food/drinks in the collection bottles was observed,being an indication of accurate performance of the participants despite the challenges of the sampling campaign.

关键词： Biomonitoring indoor environment Consumer products Diet Dust Non-invasive samples

A history of high-power laser research and development in the United Kingdom

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High Power Laser Science and Engineering 2021年第2期9卷 41-126页

作者： Colin N.Danson Malcolm White John R.M.Barr Thomas Bett Peter Blyth David Bowley Ceri Brenner Robert J.Collins Neal Croxford A.E.Bucker Dangor Laurence Devereux Peter E.Dyer Anthony Dymoke-Bradshaw christopher B.Edwards Paul Ewart Allister i.Ferguson John M.Girkin Denis R.Hall David C.Hanna Wayne Harris David i.Hillier christopher J.Hooker Simon M.Hooker Nicholas Hopps Janet Hull David Hunt Dino A.Jaroszynski Mark Kempenaars Helmut Kessler Sir Peter L.Knight Steve Knight Adrian Knowles Ciaran L.S.Lewis Ken S.Lipton Abby Littlechild John Littlechild Peter Maggs Graeme P.A.Malcolm OBE stuart P.D.Mangles William Martin Paul McKenna Richard O.Moore Clive Morrison Zulfikar Najmudin David Neely Geoff H.C.New Michael J.Norman Ted Paine Anthony W.Parker Rory R.Penman Geoff J.Pert chris Pietraszewski Andrew Randewich Nadeem H.Rizvi Nigel Seddon MBE Zheng-Ming Sheng David Slater Roland A.Smith christopher Spindloe Roy Taylor Gary Thomas John W.G.Tisch Justin S.Wark Colin Webb S.Mark Wiggins Dave Willford Trevor Winstone AWE Aldermaston ReadingUK Oxford Centre for High Energy Density Science Department of PhysicsClarendon LaboratoryUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK Centre for intertial Fusion Studies Blackett LaboratoryImperial College LondonLondonUK Formerly of Electrox LetchworthUK Formerly of Central Laser Facility Rutherford LaboratoryDidcotUK Formerly of Ferranti Defence Systems LincolnUK Leonardo EdinburghUK Retired AWEReadingUK Formerly of AWE ReadingUK Formerly of Laser Lines Ltd BanburyUK Formerly of Optilas Ltd Milton KeynesUK Retired Pro-Lite TechnologyCranfieldUK Specialised imaging Ltd PitstoneUK Central Laser Facility STFC Rutherford Appleton LaboratoryDidcotUK Magna-Power Electronics Ltd ReadingUK DeBe Lasers Needham Laser TechnologiesWhitchurchUK Blackett Laboratory Imperial College LondonLondonUK SPiE Europe CardiffUK Professor Emeritus(Physics) University of HullKingston upon HullUK Kentech instruments Ltd WallingfordUK Department of Physics Clarendon LaboratoryUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK Professor Emeritus Department of PhysicsUniversity of StrathclydeGlasgowUK Department of Physics Durham UniversityDurhamUK Professor Emeritus(Photonics) Heriot-Watt UniversityEdinburghUK Professor Emeritus University of SouthamptonSouthamptonUK Optical Surfaces Ltd KenleyUK JEH Lasers Ltd RugbyUK Scottish Universities Physics Alliance Department of PhysicsUniversity of StrathclydeGlasgowUK iTER Organization Saint-Paul-lez-DuranceFrance Manx Precision Optics Ltd BallasallaUK Laser Lines Ltd BanburyUK Elliot Scientific Ltd MetroTest Scientific GroupHarpendenUK Centre for Plasma Physics Queen’s University BelfastBelfastUK Retired Founderand former MDRofin-Sinar UK LtdHullUK Heraeus Noblelight Ltd CambridgeUK Mirli Books ChelmsfordUK M Squared Lasers Ltd GlasgowUK University of Hertfordshire HatfieldUK E&EO UK Ltd Barton-upon-HumberUK Department of Physics University of YorkYorkUK iC Optical Systems Ltd BeckenhamUK Laser Micromachining Ltd St AsaphUK MBDA UK Ltd Brist

The first demonstration of laser action in ruby was made in 1960 by *** of Hughes Research Laboratories,*** laboratories worldwide began the search for lasers using different materials,operating at different *** the UK,academia,industry and the central laboratories took up the challenge from the earliest days to develop these systems for a broad range of *** historical review looks at the contribution the UK has made to the advancement of the technology,the development of systems and components and their exploitation over the last 60 years.

关键词： high-power lasers history United Kingdom