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Systematic review of periprosthetic tibia fracture after total knee arthroplasties

World Journal of Orthopedics 2015年第8期6卷 649-654页

作者： Nabil A Ebraheim Joseph R Ray Meghan E Wandtke grant S Buchanan chris g sanford Jiayong LiuZ Department of Orthopaedic Surgery University of Toledo Medical Center

AIM: To investigate the known incidences, treatment options, and related outcomes of periprosthetic tibia fractures after total knee arthroplasty(TKA).METHODS: A literature search was done to identify studies that fit the inclusion criteria. The database search yielded 185 results, which were further reduced by the exclusion criteria to 13 papers, totaling 157 patients that met these criteria. Incidence rates of the different types of periprosthetic tibia fractures were determined and their treatments were subsequently analyzed based on the fracture's subclass, with patient outcomes being overall ***: Of the 144 documented patients, 54(37.5%) had a subclass C fracture, which are frequently seen in revision arthroplasties or when using cement intraoperatively. The fractures of subclasses A and B occur postoperatively. There were 90 subclass A and B fractures with incidences of 18.75% and 43.75% respectively. When broken down by type, 62(55.36%) were type 1, 24(21.4%) were type 2, 24(21.4%) were type 3, and 2(1.8%) were type 4. Furthermore, from the studies that included origin of injury, the types were further classified as having non-traumatic or traumatic origins. Type 1 had 78%(40/51) non-traumatic origin and 22%(11/51) traumatic origin. Fifteen fractures were type 2, but 5 were falls and 1 through a motor vehicle accident, giving a trauma causation of 40%(6/15). Of the 24 type 3 fractures, 12 were falls and 2 vehicular accidents, leading to a trauma causation of 58%(14/24).CONCLUSION: Type 1 fractures were the most common. Subclass A was treated with locking plates, B required a revision TKA, and C was treated intraoperatively or nonoperatively.

关键词： Periprosthetic fractures Literature review Tibia fractures

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Reproductive biology of an old endemic murid rodent of Australia, the Spinifex hopping mouse, Notomys alexis:adaptations for life in the arid zone

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Integrative Zoology 2011年第4期6卷 321-333页

作者： William g.BREED chris M.LEIgH Discipline of Anatomy and Pathology University of AdelaideAdelaideAustralia

The Spinifex hopping mouse(Notomys alexis Thomas,1922)is an arid adapted Australo–Papuan old endemic rodent that undergoes boom and bust population *** this communication,we review our findings on the timing of reproduction and the potential reproductive rate of this *** investigate the first question,the reproductive condition of adult females,and occurrence of immatures,in a population on a cattle station in central Australia was determined and,for the second,data from a laboratory colony compared to those previously published on closely related species in other *** findings show that,at least in the population at the times that monitoring was performed,reproductive activity was only taking place in spring and early summer,whereas the laboratory study indicates that females have a similar gestation length and litter size to those of most close relatives occurring in other *** have extremely small testes and store relatively few *** findings suggest that Notomys alexis might show some seasonality of reproduction at least in this region of central Australia and that this species does not have a higher reproductive rate than that of related species in other,more predictable,environments.

关键词： arid environment hopping mouse reproduction

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Optical clearing of the mouse skull

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Light(Science & Applications) 2022年第10期11卷 2267-2268页

作者： chris Xu School of Applied and Engineering Physics Cornell UniversityIthacaNY 14853USA

High spatial resolution imaging of the mouse brain through the intact skull is challenging because of the skull-induced aberration and *** research group of Dan Zhu from Huazhong University of Science and Technology has developed a skull-clearing technique that provides a long-term(~weeks),stable,transparent window for high resolution optical imaging over a large field of view.

关键词： scattering. transparent Optical

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A Cilia-inspired Closed-loop Sensor-actuator Array

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2018年第3期15卷 526-532页

作者： James g. H. Whiting Richard Mayne chris Melhuish Andrew Adamatzky Unconventional Computing Centre and Bristol Robotics Laboratory University of the West of England Bristol UK

Cilia are finger-like cell-surface organelles that are used by certain varieties of aquatic unicellular organisms for motility, sensing and obj ect manipulation. Initiated by internal generators and external mechanical and chemical stimuli, coordinated undulations of cilia lead to the motion of a fluid surrounding the organism. This motion transports micro-particles towards an oral cavity and provides motile force. Inspired by the emergent properties of cilia possessed by the pond organism P. caudatum, we propose a novel smart surface with closed-loop control using sensor-actuators pairings that can manipulate objects. Each vibrating motor actuator is controlled by a localised microcontroller which utilises proximity sensor information to initiate actuation. The circuit boards are designed to be plug-and-play and are infinitely up-scalable and reconfigurable. The smart surface is capable of moving objects at a speed of 7.2 millimetres per second in forward or reverse direction. Further development of this platform will include more anatomically similar biomimetic cilia and control.

关键词： bioinspiration artificial cilia object manipulation sorting platforms

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Computationally predicted energies and properties of defects in gaN

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npj Computational Materials 2017年第1期3卷 374-383页

作者： John L.Lyons chris g.Van de Walle Center for Computational Materials Science Naval Research LaboratoryWashingtonDC 20375USA Materials Department University of CaliforniaSanta BarbaraCA 93106-5050USA

Recent developments in theoretical techniques have significantly improved the predictive power of density-functional-based *** this review,we discuss how such advancements have enabled improved understanding of native point defects in *** review the methodologies for the calculation of point defects,and discuss how techniques for overcoming the band-gap problem of density functional theory affect native defect *** particular,we examine to what extent calculations performed with semilocal functionals(such as the generalized gradient approximation),combined with correction schemes,can produce accurate *** properties of vacancy,interstitial,and antisite defects in gaN are described,as well as their interaction with common *** also connect the first-principles results to experimental observations,and discuss how native defects and their complexes impact the performance of nitride ***,we find that lower-cost functionals,such as the generalized gradient approximation,combined with band-edge correction schemes can produce results that are qualitatively ***,important physics may be missed in some important cases,particularly for optical transitions and when carrier localization occurs.

关键词： correction approximation properties

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Ultrasonically actuated neural probes for reduced trauma and inflammation in mouse brain

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2022年第6期8卷 137-151页

作者： Po-Cheng Chen Catharine g.Young chris B.Schaffer Amit Lal SonicMEMS Laboratory School of Electrical and Computer EngineeringCornell UniversityIthacaNYUSA Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering Cornell UniversityIthacaNYUSA

Electrical neural recordings measured using direct electrical interfaces with neural tissue suffer from a short lifespan because the signal strength decreases over *** inflammatory response to the inserted microprobe can create insulating tissue over the electrical interfaces,reducing the recorded signal below noise *** of the factors contributing to this inflammatory response is the tissue damage caused during probe ***,we explore the use of ultrasonic actuation of the neural probe during insertion to minimize tissue damage in *** neural microprobes were designed and fabricated with integrated electrical recording sites and piezoelectric *** microprobes were actuated at ultrasonic frequencies using integrated piezoelectric *** microprobes were inserted into mouse brains under a glass window over the brain surface to image the tissue surrounding the probe using two-photon *** mechanical force required to penetrate the tissue was reduced by a factor of 2–3 when the microprobe was driven at ultrasonic *** histology at the probe insertion site showed a reduced area of damage and decreased microglia counts with increasing ultrasonic actuation of the *** imaging of the microprobe over weeks demonstrated stabilization of the inflammatory *** of electrical signals from neurons over time suggests that microprobes inserted using ultrasound have a higher signal-tonoise ratio over an extended time period.

关键词： microprobe insertion electrical

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Laboratory and field evaluation of asphalt pavement surface friction resistance

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2018年第3期12卷 372-381页

作者： Zhong WU chris ABADIE Louisiana Transportation Research Center 4101 Gourrier Avenue Baton Rouge LA 70808 USA Louisiana Department of Transportation and Development 5080 Florida Blvd Baton Rouge LA 70806 USA

Pavement surface friction is a significant factor for driving safety and plays a critical role in reducing wet- pavement crashes. However, the current asphalt mixture design procedure does not directly consider friction as a requirement. The objective of this study was to develop a surface friction prediction model that can be used during a wearing course mixture design. To achieve the objective, an experimental study was conducted on the frictional characteristics of typical wearing course mixtures in Louisiana. Twelve wearing course mixtures including dense-graded and open-graded mixes with different combinations of aggregate sources were evaluated in laboratory using an accelerated polishing and testing procedure considering both micro- and macro texture properties. In addition, the surface frictional properties of asphalt mixtures were measured on twenty-two selected asphalt pavement sections using different in situ devices including Dynamic Friction Tester （DFT）, Circular Texture Meter （CTM）, and Lock-Wheel Skid Trailer （LWST）. The results have led to develop a procedure for predicting pavement end-of-life skid resistance based on the aggregate blend polish stone value, gradation parameters, and traffic, which is suited in checking whether the selected aggregates in a wearing course mix design would meet field friction requirements under a certain design traffic polishing.

关键词： friction skid resistance polishing PSV LWST micro-texture macro-texture

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Effects of impeller speed and aeration rate on flotation performance of sulphide ore

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中国有色金属学会会刊：英文版 2006年第1期16卷 185-190页

作者：杨小生 ALDRICH chris Institute of Mineral Engineering Northeastern University Shenyang 110004 China Department of Process Engineering University of Stellenbosch Private Bag X1 Matieland Stellenbos ch 7602 South Africa

The effects of aeration rate and impeller speed on the concentrate sulfur grade and recovery for batch flotation of a complex sulphide ore were investigated. The relationships between the water recovery and solid entrainment were discussed. It is found that the solid entrainment is linearly related to the water recovery regardless of aeration rate and impeller speed, and the higher sulfur recovery at the aeration rate of 2 and 4 L/min for the impeller speed of 1 500 r/min is considered to be the contribution of true flotation. Finally, the sulfur recovery flux is correlated with the bubble surface area flux based on the froth image at the different aeration rates and impeller speeds.

关键词：水回收固体夹带浮选性能叶轮速度通风速率硫化矿

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An energy harvester for all seasons

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National Science Review 2023年第10期10卷 10-11页

作者： Qingping Wang chris Bowen Department of Physics & Mechanical and Electronic Engineering Hubei University of Education Centre for Integrated Materials Processes and Structures Department of Mechanical EngineeringUniversity of Bath

The harvesting of sunlight,wind,heat and even raindrops to produce electrical energy has attracted significant attention to address the global energy crisis,reduce environmental pollution from fossil fuels,and limit the use of batteries[1-3].One challenge to harvesting renewable energy sources is their inherent variability,

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Relationship between solids flux and froth features in batch flotation of sulphide ore

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中国有色金属学会会刊：英文版 2005年第6期15卷 1373-1379页

作者：杨小生 Aldrich chris Institute of Mineral Engineering Northeastern University Shenyang 110004 China Department of Process Engineering University of Stellenbosch Private Bag X1 Matieland 7602 South Africa

The froth features in the batch flotation of a sulphide ore were investigated by using the digital image parameters of the froth, the small number emphasis(Nsne), the average grey level(Dagl) and the instability number(Nins), under different conditions of impeller speeds and aeration rates. It is found that the value of Nsne is strongly dependent on the average bubble size of the froth and Dagl on the volume fraction of solid in the froth, and the froth features during the batch flotation are influenced by impeller speed and aeration rate. A kinetic model of the concentrate solid flux was developed which relates the flotation process to the image parameters, Nsne and Dagl of the froth and predictions are well consistent with the experimental data.

关键词：硫化矿浮选选矿发泡剂

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