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Unprecedented JWST Observations Contest Cosmological Canons

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Engineering 2024年第6期37卷 6-9页

作者： chris Palmer Senior Technology Writer

After more than 18 months of nearly flawless operation,the James Webb Space Telescope(JWST)continues to deliver amazement,making unexpected discoveries,adding new wrinkles to known phenomena,and calling into question long-held theories of how the universe works.“The instruments are working amazingly well,in essentially all cases better than expected,”said Garth Illingworth,professor emeritus of astronomy and astrophysics at the University of California,Santa Cruz(CA,USA),and one of the three originators of the mission over three decades ago.“It has exceeded every one of its performance requirements,which is truly amazing when you think about how complex it is.”That complexity has included three decades of planning,design,and construction,followed by launch and maneuvering 1.5106 km from Earth to its second Lagrange(L2)orbit,unfolding and locking into position the 18 segments of its 6.5 m diameter main mirror,and deploying 8 motors,90 cables,and some 400 pulleys to unfurl its fragile sunshield[1,2].

关键词： universe Observation Cosmo

European Union Issues World’s First Comprehensive Regulations for Artificial Intelligence

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Engineering 2024年第7期38卷 5-7页

作者： chris Palmer Senior Technology Writer

In March 2024,European Union(EU)lawmakers passed the world’s first comprehensive set of regulations governing the use of artificial intelligence(AI)[1].The EU’s AI Act,two and a half years in the making,was initially drawn up as a landmark bill to reduce harm in areas in which AI was thought to pose the biggest risks to people,such as in health care,education,and security,as well as banning uses that pose“unacceptable risks,”including manipulation of human behavior and evaluation of individuals’trustworthiness based on personal *** to the regulations,which will go into effect in stages over the next two years,“high-risk”AI systems will require risk-mitigation strategies,high-quality data sets,transparency,better documentation,and human *** most common current AI uses,such as augmenting recommendation engines and email spam filters,will see far less oversight.

关键词： email artificial transparency

Unprecedented Collaboration Plots Largest,Most Detailed Maps of the Brain

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Engineering 2024年第8期39卷 7-9页

作者： chris Palmer 不详

In October 2023,a set of 21 papers published simultaneously in the journals Science,Science Advances,and Science Translational Medicine reported the largest,most-detailed maps to date of the cells making up portions of human and nonhuman primate brains[1,2].Accomplished by multiple large teams of neuroscientists in the United States and Europe,the collaborative effort also included the classification of 3300 different cell types in the human brain.

关键词： Medicine brains simultaneous

Increasing Threat of Scarcity Prompts Rise in Water Recycling

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Engineering 2024年第2期33卷 6-8页

作者： chris Palmer Senior Technology Writer

In January 2018,construction wrapped on Salesforce Tower(Fig.1),a 61-story office building that now dominates the skyline of San Francisco,CA,*** addition to being the tallest building in the city,Salesforce Tower is the largest structure in the world with an onsite water recycling *** by the Australian com-pany Aquacell(Milton,NSW,Australia),the system cleans 113 m^(3)of sewage,sink,shower,and other wastewater each day for use in irrigation and flushing toilets,saving an estimated 35000 m?of water anmually[1].The building is just one of dozens in San Fran-cisco outitted with their own water recycling systems,thanks to a city mandate enacted in 2015[1].

关键词： cycling wastewater recycling

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格拉斯哥艺术学院补充与对比

城市环境设计 2013年第6期72卷 190-197页

作者： Steven Holl chris mcvoy 斯蒂文·霍尔建筑师事务所

设计者试图建造一个与Charles rennie Mackintosh1990年的格拉斯哥艺术学院互为补充和对比的建筑,成为象征性的关系,每个部分都加强另一个部分的重要性。设计者选择了一种透明的材质,与Mackintosh建筑的石材形成对比——光的轨迹可以在... 详细信息

设计者试图建造一个与Charles rennie Mackintosh1990年的格拉斯哥艺术学院互为补充和对比的建筑,成为象征性的关系,每个部分都加强另一个部分的重要性。设计者选择了一种透明的材质,与Mackintosh建筑的石材形成对比——光的轨迹可以在城市中传达学院中正在进行的活动,并且寄托对艺术前瞻性的生活展望。项目在室内和室外上独特的设计概念使其成为21世纪艺术学院模型的先驱者。工作同时包括:将室内外化--使得功能的需求和心理渴望在外显露出来;同时将室外内化--连接城市校区,以

关键词：斯蒂文·霍尔格拉斯哥建筑师美术家艺术学院

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猎人角社区图书馆曼哈顿视野

城市环境设计 2013年第6期72卷 182-189页

作者： Steven Holl chris mcvoy 斯蒂文·霍尔建筑师事务所

项目位于纽约东河,场地位置显著,面朝曼哈顿的壮观景象。绝佳的场地环境启发了设计灵感,将主要的室内流线与西立面连成一体。楼梯从开放的目的地升起,保证了使用者观赏壮丽的曼哈顿城的极佳视野,上升部分的阅览书桌沿建筑两侧的周边垂... 详细信息

项目位于纽约东河,场地位置显著,面朝曼哈顿的壮观景象。绝佳的场地环境启发了设计灵感,将主要的室内流线与西立面连成一体。楼梯从开放的目的地升起,保证了使用者观赏壮丽的曼哈顿城的极佳视野,上升部分的阅览书桌沿建筑两侧的周边垂直布置,背面布置书架。当读者使用电脑时,从入口处看去,琳琅满目的书籍映入眼帘,向上看去,则是东河和曼哈顿的景观。项目中的功能分区包括儿童区、青少年区以及成人区,该划分从建筑的东立面上可以很清楚地辨识出来,每个区域都有单独的立面。然而,功能的划分是动态的,不是"铁板钉钉,一成不变"的,提供了"返老还童"的机会。新图书馆的建筑剖

关键词：曼哈顿斯蒂文·霍尔社区图书馆建筑师美术家场地位置东河视野

Attitude control of multi-spacecraft systems on SO(3)with stochastic links failure

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2024年第3期37卷 320-331页

作者： KANG Zeyu SHEN Qiang WU Shufan chris J.DAMAREN MU Zhongcheng School of Aeronautics and Astronautics Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Institute for Aerospace Studies University of TorontoTorontoOntario M3H 5T6Canada

In this paper,for Multi-Spacecraft System(MSS)with a directed communication topology link and a static virtual leader,a controller is proposed to realize attitude consensus and attitude stabilization with stochastic links failure and actuator ***,an MSS attitude error model suitable for a directed topology link and with a static virtual leader based on SO(3)is derived,which considers that the attitude error on SO(3)cannot be defined based on algebraic ***,we design a controller to realize the MSS on SO(3)with attitude consensus and attitude stabilization under stochastic links failure and actuator ***,the simulation results of a multi-spacecraft system with stochastic links failure and a static virtual leader spacecraft are demonstrated to illustrate the efficiency of the attitude controller.

关键词： Multi-spacecraft systems Attitude consensus Attitude stabilization Stochastic links failure Super-martingale convergence

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坎贝尔体育中心地面成点,空间成线

城市环境设计 2013年第6期72卷 174-181页

作者： Steven Holl chris mcvoy Andy Ryan 斯蒂文·霍尔建筑师事务所

坎贝尔体育中心位于西218大街与百老汇大街的拐角处,曼哈顿的最东端,百老汇与第十大道和地铁1号线的高架铁轨交叉处。中心成为哥伦比亚大学户外体育项目的核心——贝克体育综合设施的新门户。坎贝尔体育中心是继20世纪70年代建造的马塞... 详细信息

坎贝尔体育中心位于西218大街与百老汇大街的拐角处,曼哈顿的最东端,百老汇与第十大道和地铁1号线的高架铁轨交叉处。中心成为哥伦比亚大学户外体育项目的核心——贝克体育综合设施的新门户。坎贝尔体育中心是继20世纪70年代建造的马塞勒斯·哈特利·道奇健身中心之后,哥伦比亚大学校园内的首个新建体育设施。它将成为新生的贝克体育综合设施的基石,并为整个校际体育

关键词：坎贝尔贝克综合设施体育中心体育建筑斯蒂文·霍尔体育

Universal insertion of molecules in ionic compounds under pressure

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National Science Review 2024年第1期11卷 120-128页

作者： Feng Peng Yanming Ma chris J.Pickard Hanyu Liu Maosheng Miao College of Physics and Electronic Information Luoyang Normal University Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry California State University Northridge State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials & Key Laboratory of Material Simulation Methods and Software of Ministry of Education College of Physics Jilin University International Center of Future Science Jilin University Department of Materials Science & Metallurgy University of Cambridge Advanced Institute for Materials Research Tohoku University Department of Earth Science University of California Santa Barbara

Using first-principles calculations and crystal structure search methods, we found that many covalently bonded molecules such as H2, N2, CO2, NH3, H2O and CH4may react with NaC l, a prototype ionic solid,and form stable compounds under pressure while retaining their molecular structure. These molecules,despite whether they are homonuclear or heteronuclear, polar or non-polar, small or large, do not show strong chemical interactions with surrounding Na and Cl ions. In contrast, the most stable molecule among all examples, N2, is found to transform into cyclo-N5-anions while reacting with NaC l under high pressures. It provides a new route to synthesize pentazolates, which are promising green energy materials with high energy density. Our work demonstrates a unique and universal hybridization propensity of covalently bonded molecules and solid compounds under pressure. This surprising miscibility suggests possible mixing regions between the molecular and rock layers in the interiors of large planets.

关键词： molecule-solid hybrid materials high-pressure crystal structure prediction density functional theory planet interior