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Relationship between increase rate of human plague in China and global climate index as revealed by cross-spectral and cross-wavelet analyses

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Integrative Zoology 2007年第3期2卷 144-153页

作者： Zhibin ZHANG Zhenqing LI yi TAO Min CHEN Xinyu WEN Lei XU Huidong TIAN Nils chr.STENSETH State key Laboratory of Integrated Management on Pest Insects and Rodents Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina Laboratory of Quantitative Vegetation Ecology Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina Academy of Mathematics and Systems Science Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina Department of Atmosphere College of PhysicsPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China Centre for Ecological and Evolutionary Synthesis(CEES) Department of BiologyUniversity of OsloOsloNorway.

Plague has caused the death of hundreds of millions of people throughout the human *** this disease is again re-emerging and hence is again becoming an increasing threat to human health in several parts of the ***,impacts of global climate variation(*** Nino and Southern Oscillation[ENSO])and global warming on plagues are largely *** cross-spectral analysis and cross-wavelet analysis,we have analyzed the relationship between increase rate of human plague in China during 1871–2003 and the following climate factors(as measured by the Southern Oscillation Index[SOI],Sea Surface Temperature of east Pacific equator[SST]and air Temperature of the Northern Hemisphere[NHT]).We found in the frequency domain that increase rate of human plague was closely associated with SOI and ***-spectral analysis reveals that significant coherencies between increase rate of human plague and ENSO were found over short periods(2–3 years),medium periods(6–7 years)and long periods(11–12 years,30–40 years).Cross-wavelet analysis reveals that increase rate of human plague oscillates in phase with SOI,but in anti-phase with SST over periods of 2–4 years and approximately 8 years(6–10 years).These results indicate that ENSO-driven climate variation may be important for occurrences of human plague in ***,there is a need for a further analysis of the underlying mechanism between human plague in China and ENSO.

关键词： El Nino/Southern Oscillation global climate variation human plague northern hemisphere air tempe rature sea surface temperature southern oscillation index.

How Should We Construct Mind-Readers？

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Journal of Philosophy Study 2013年第9期3卷 801-822页

作者： Gerhard chr. Bukow M.A. Institute of Philosophy University of Magdeburg Germany

Structured models of kinds of mind-readers are explanatory tools in philosophy and psychology. Structure means that a structure like a theory with certain properties organizes the model of a kind of a reader. Structured models serve to explain mind-reading capabilities in opposition to pure behavior-reading capabilities by explicating properties of the structure that bring on specific capabilities of mind-reading. Typically, grades of fulfilling reading-capabilities are related to grades of rationality. But it is unclear：（1） when we are legitimated to title a reader a mind-reader or behavior-reader, and （2） how the kinds of readers are related with each other （if they can be related by a measure）. I argue that we know a reader if we can construct it and this gives legitimation. But it is unclear how to construct border-cases of readers, for example, minimal mind-readers. Should minimal mind-readers be constructed on the base of ＂reduced＂ mind-readers, or should they be constructed as ＂enriched＂ behavior-readers？ This is the specific question concerning the relations between readers the essay deals with by trying to reduce a maximal mind-reader by Craig-reduction. Because this kind of reduction-method fails, constructing specific kinds of mind-readers needs further research.

关键词： rationality mind-reader construction mind-reading

A Brief New Proof to Fermat’s Last Theorem and Its Generalization

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Journal of Applied Mathematics and Physics 2020年第4期8卷 684-697页

作者： Demetrius chr. Poulkas Department of Mathematics of Aristotle University of Thessaloniki Thessaloniki Greece School of the Faculty of Engineering of Aristotle University of Thessaloniki Thessaloniki Greece School of Electrical and Computer Engineering of National Technical University of Athens Athens Greece Department of Mechanical Engineering and Aeronautics of Faculty of Engineering of University of Patras Patra Greece

This article presents a brief and new solution to the problem known as the “Fermat’s Last Theorem”. It is achieved without the use of abstract algebra elements or elements from other fields of modern mathematics of the twentieth century. For this reason it can be easily understood by any mathematician or by anyone who knows basic mathematics. The important thing is that the above “theorem” is generalized. Thus, this generalization is essentially a new theorem in the field of number theory.

关键词： Brief Proof of Fermat’s Last Theorem Unsolved Mathematical Problems Fermat’s Last Theorem Generalization of the Fermat’s Last Theorem Prime Number Problems Millennium Problems

Asphalt　fractions　in　airborne　particles　from　highway　traffic　and　the　accumulation　in　plants

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 1996年第2期8卷 196-202页

作者： He kebin(Department of Environmental Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084,China)Hans Mosbaek Jens chr. Tjell(Department of Environmental Engineering,Technical University of Dentnark, 2800 Lyngby,Denmark) Dept. of Environmental Engineering Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China Dept. of Environmental Engineering Technical University of Denmark 2800 Lyngby Denmark

With reference to ASTM D4124, asphalt fractions, including polar aromatics (polars),naphthene aromatics (aromatics) and saturates,were characterized both in airborne particles collected in the distances of 2.0 -83.6m from the highway and in the plant samples (including grass,leaves and wheat straw) collected in the distance of 2.0 -10. 0m from the highway. In comparison to the results of diesel particulate, background plant samples and asphalt cernent samples from highway surface, it is concluded that there could be asphalt rnatters in airborne particles and asphalt makes the rnain contributions to the accumulation of the three factions mentioned above in plant species. In the ambient air,the concentrations of the three asphalt fractions are 0. 54- 3.06 ×10-3 mg polars,1. 77- 9. 50 × 10-4 mg aromatics and 0. 21- 1. 23 × 10-4 mg saturates for per cubic meter air. The percentage of bitumen in airborne particles is 1. 61%-11. 02%. In the plant samples, the concentrations are 0. 29- 3.07mg polars, 0.89- 3.89 aromatics and 0. 37-1. 53 mg saturates for per gram dry plant materials.

关键词： asphalt airborne particle traffic pollution HPLC.

Ecometrics:The traits that bind the past and present together

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Integrative Zoology 2010年第2期5卷 88-101页

作者： Jussi T.erONEN P.David POLLy Marianne FRED John DAMUTH David C.FRANk Volker MOSBRUGGer christoph SCHEIDEGGer Nils chr.STENSETH Mikael FORTELIUS Department of Geosciences and Geography Helsinki UniversityFinland Department of Geological Sciences Indiana UniversityUSA ARONIA Research Institute atÅbo Akademi University and Novia University of Applied SciencesCoastal Zone Research TeamEkenäFinland Department of Ecology Evolution and Marine BiologyUniversity of CaliforniaSanta BarbaraCaliforniaUSA Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL BirmensdorfSwitzerland Senckenberg Natural History Museum and Research Institute FrankfurtGermany Centre for Ecological and Evolutionary Synthesis(CEES) Department of BiologyUniversity of OsloOsloNorway

We outline here an approach for understanding the biology of climate change,one that integrates data at multiple spatial and temporal ***-free trait analysis,or“ecometrics,”is based on the idea that the distribution in a community of ecomorphological traits such as tooth structure,limb proportions,body mass,leaf shape,incubation temperature,claw shape,any aspect of anatomy or physiology can be measured across some subset of the organisms in a *** of temporal or spatial scale,traits are the means by which organisms interact with their environment,biotic and *** measures these interactions by focusing on traits which are easily measurable,whose structure is closely related to their function,and whose function interacts directly with local *** trait distributions are thus a comparatively universal metric for exploring systems dynamics at all *** main challenge now is to move beyond investigating how future climate change will affect the distribution of organisms and how it will impact ecosystem services and to shift the perspective to ask how biotic systems interact with changing climate in general,and how climate change affects the interactions within and between the components of the whole biotic-physical *** believe that it is possible to provide believable,quantitative answers to these *** of this we have initiated an IUBS program iCCB(integrative Climate Change Biology).

关键词： community structure ecometrics integrative Climate Change Biology Taxon-free trait distribution

HEAVy METAL PARTITIONING IN A NUCLEAR WASTE TREATMENT PLANT

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China Particuology 2006年第2期4卷 86-89页

作者： J. Wochele chr. Ludwig H.-J. Lau W. Heep Paul Scherrer Institut Laboratory for Energy and Materials Cycles CH -5232 Villigen PSI Switzerland Paul Scherrer Institut Laboratory for Energy and Materials Cycles CH -5232 Villigen PSI Switzerland Swiss Federal Institute of Technology at Lausanne (EPFL) School of Architecture Civil and Environmental Engineering (ENAC-ISTE) CH-1015 Lausanne Switzerland ZWILAG Zwischenlager Würenlingen AG CH-5303 Würenlingen Switzerland

The fate of different trace elements and radio nuclides in the new ZWILAG nuclear waste treatment plant （Switzerland） has been modelled, in order to predict and check the transport behaviour of the volatile species and their distribution in the plant. Calculations show that for active waste from medicine, industry, research （MIR waste） only Zn and Cs have stable gaseous species at 1200℃. The investigations confirm the efficiency of the examined flue gas cleaning system.

关键词： nuclear waste thermal treatment gas cleaning trace elements heavy metals

Evaluation of La AlO_3 as top coat material for thermal barrier coatings

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Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China 2018年第8期28卷 1582-1592页

作者： N.VOURDAS E.MARATHONITI P.k.PANDIS chr.ARGIRUSIS G.SOURkOUNI C.LEGROS S.MIRZA V.N.STATHOPOULOS Laboratory of Chemistry and Materials Technology School of technological ApplicationsTechnological Educational Institute of Sterea Ellada 34400 Psachna Campus Evia Greece School of Chemical Engineering national Technical University of Athens I. Polytectmeiou 9 15780 Zografou Athens Greece Inst. f. Metallurgie Technische Universitat Clausthal Robert-Koch-Str. 42 38678 Clausthal-Zellerfeld Germany Institut de Chimie Moleculaire et des Materiaux d'Orsay université Paris Sud Bt 410 91405 Orsay Cedex France ELEMENT S.A. Hitchin SG4 0TW UK

Perovskite is a versatile group of oxide materials allowing their properties to be tailored by composition towards specific requirements. La Al O3 was prepared to study and report its properties in the context of its potential in thermal barrier coatings（TBCs） technology. A citric acid method was used for synthesis and the perovskite structure was confirmed using XRD and FT-IR. Viscosity of the solution precursor was checked as well as the particle size by laser particle size analysis. Densification behavior of the material was followed by conventional sintering and by spark plasma sintering. Apparent porosity by the Archimedes method, thermal conductivity and thermal expansion coefficient were studied. Mechanical and fracture properties were measured at elevated temperatures up to 1300 ℃ For samples sintered at 1200-1400 ℃, coefficient of thermal expansion ranged from 5.5×10^-6 to 6.5×10^-6 k^-1 and thermal conductivity ranged between 2.2 and 3.4 W/（m？k）. Elastic modulus and ultimate stress were measured at 1000-1300 ℃, while by micro-indentation, fracture toughness was found to be 3 MPa·m1/2. As the sintering temperature increased from 1200 to 1500 ℃, significant densification from 3.21 to 5.81 g/cm^3 was found, indicating that material annealing should be made at least at 1400 ℃. Under this condition, negligible dimensional change in phase transition temperature of La Al O3 from the rhombohedral（R3 c） to the ideal cubic（Pm3 m） is found. Data reported in this work can be useful for comparing the mechanical and fracture behaviours of different TBCs developed involving La Al O3 as well as input for numerical simulations.

关键词： perovsldte lanthanum aluminate thermal barrier coating (TBC)

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铝中杂质的取样与分析

轻合金加工技术 1989年第3期17卷 15-18页

作者： chr.J.SIMENSEN 杨小永

一、前言铝制品的许多性能与其中的杂质密切相关.典型的例子是,金属印刷铝板(PS板——译者注)的质量由于存在大夹杂物而降低,许多铝合金的塑性受富铁金属间相的大小及其分布的极大影响.现在,铝工业通过对熔体进行净化,对杂质进行分析,... 详细信息

一、前言铝制品的许多性能与其中的杂质密切相关.典型的例子是,金属印刷铝板(PS板——译者注)的质量由于存在大夹杂物而降低,许多铝合金的塑性受富铁金属间相的大小及其分布的极大影响.现在,铝工业通过对熔体进行净化,对杂质进行分析,可在很大程度上对其产品质量进行控制.关于杂质的取样与分析主要有两个问题:一是夹杂物在熔体中的分布通常不均匀。

关键词：铝杂质夹杂物取样金相分析

城市污水生物处理系统中微生物酶的活性及其分布

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环境污染与防治 2007年第5期29卷 333-335页

作者：李茵罗翠 chróst R J 东华大学环境科学与工程学院上海201620 华沙大学生物学院

通过水解模式底物进行分光光度测定的方法，研究了城市污水生物处理系统中微生物酶的活性。选取亮氨酸氨基肽酶、β-葡萄糖苷酶、碱性磷酸酶和脂酶等胞外酶进行分析，结果发现4种胞外酶的平均活性在31．0～88．5μmol／（L·h），其中76... 详细信息

通过水解模式底物进行分光光度测定的方法，研究了城市污水生物处理系统中微生物酶的活性。选取亮氨酸氨基肽酶、β-葡萄糖苷酶、碱性磷酸酶和脂酶等胞外酶进行分析，结果发现4种胞外酶的平均活性在31．0～88．5μmol／（L·h），其中76．9％～94．8％的酶活性分布在活性污泥中，说明绝大部分胞外酶是与细胞相连或固定在细胞外多聚絮体基质里。混合水样和出水水样中的Doc几乎相等，而各胞外酶与DOC不存在任何显著的相关关系。增加NO3^-浓度可提高亮氨酸氨基肽酶和β-葡萄糖苷酶的活件．伯对碱件磷酸酶和脂酶却右明显的抑制作用。

关键词：酶活性胞外酶活性污泥城市污水