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The Hague Convention on Choice of Court Agreements: Its Impact on Forum Selection and the Efficacy of Decisions

中国国际私法与比较法年刊 2017年第2期20卷 134-142页

作者： choong yeow choy Faculty of Law of University of Malaya

Ⅰ.Introduction The Convention of 30 June 2005 on Choice of Court Agreements w as the subject of much discourse at a recent gathering of private international law practitioners and experts.This event,the Global Forum on Private International Law,w as hosted by the M inistry of Foreign Affairs of the People’s Republic of China and jointly organized by the Chinese Society of Private International Law and the Institute of International Law of Wuhan University in Wuhan,China in September of 2017.

关键词： Convention Forum gathering

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Disease Progression, Response to ACEI/ATRA Therapy and Influence of ACE Gene in IgA Nephritis

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2007年第3期4卷 227-232页

作者： Keng-Thye Woo yeow-Kok Lau Yi Zhao Fang-E Liu Hwee-Boon Tan Eng-Keng Tan Fook-Chong Stephanie choong-Meng Chan Kok-Seng Wong Department of Renal Medicine Singapore General Hospital Singapore Clinical Research Singapore General Hospital Singapore Department of Paediatrics The 2nd Hospital Shandong University Jinan Shandong China

Various studies have shown that angiotensin-converting enzyme （ACE） gene insertion/deletion （ID） polymorphism may play a role in the progression to end stage renal failure （ESRF） in patients with IgA nephritis （IgAN）. In this randomized controlled trial, patients were followed up for 5 years to determine their long-term renal outcome to ACEI/ATRA therapy and to ascertain if their ACE gene profile could play a role in determining their response to therapy. Seventy-five patients with IgAN were enlisted. Thirty-seven were on ACEI/ATRA therapy for 62 ± 5 months and thirty-eight were untreated and served as controls. All patients had their ACE gene ID polymorphism genotyped. Compared to controls, treated patients had lower serum creatinine （p 〈 0.001）, lower proteinuria （p 〈 0.002） and fewer numbers progressing to ESRF （p 〈 0.002）. Among patients with genotype II, there were less ESRF in the treatment group when compared to the untreated control group （p 〈 0.02）. The advantage of therapy was not seen in patients with ID or DD genotypes. ACEI/ATRA therapy was found to be effective in retarding disease progression in IgAN with years to ESRF significantly extended in patients at all levels of renal function, including patients whose outcome were ESRF. Genotyping showed better response to therapy only for those with genotype Ⅱ. The common mechanism is probably through lower levels of ACE, glomerular pressure and proteinuria resulting in reduced renal damage and retardation of progression to ESRF. Cellular ＆ Molecular Immunology.

关键词： ACE gene ID polymorphism ACEI/ATRA therapy end-stage renal failure

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