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Endoscopic submucosal dissection vs endoscopic mucosal resection for colorectal polyps:A meta-analysis and metaregression with single arm analysis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2021年第25期27卷 3925-3939页

作者： Xiong Chang Lim Kameswara Rishi Yeshayahu Nistala Cheng Han Ng Snow Yunni Lin Darren Jun Hao Tan Khek-Yu Ho choon-seng chong Mark Muthiah Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine National University of SingaporeSingapore 117597Singapore Department of Medicine National University HospitalSingapore 119074Singapore Department of Surgery National University HospitalSingapore 119074Singapore

BACKGROUND Endoscopic submucosal dissection(ESD)has shown to be effective in management of colorectal neoplasm in the Asian countries,while its implementation in Western countries where endoscopic mucosal resection(EMR)is preferred is still *** To compare the surgical,histological,and oncological outcomes between ESD and EMR in the treatment of colorectal polyps,with subgroup analysis comparing the efficacy of ESD and EMR between Japan and the rest of the *** Embase and Medline databases were searched from inception to October 2020 in accordance with PRISMA guidelines for studies comparing en bloc,complete resection,margin involvement,resection time,need for additional surgery,complications,and recurrence rate of ESD with *** Of 281344 colorectal polyps from 21 studies were *** compared to EMR,the pooled analysis revealed ESD was associated with higher en bloc and complete resection rate,and lower lateral margin involvement and *** led to increased procedural time,need for additional surgery,and perforation *** significant difference in bleeding risk was found between the two ***-regression analysis suggested only right colonic polyps correlated with an increased perforation risk in *** including polyp size and invasion depth did not significantly influence the en bloc and complete resection rate,bleeding risk and *** subgroup analysis,Japan performed better than the rest of the world in both ESD and EMR with perforation risk of 4%and 0.0002%,respectively,as compared to perforation risk of 8%and 1%,respectively,in reports coming from rest of the *** ESD resulted in better resection outcomes and lower recurrence compared to *** appropriate training,ESD is preferred over EMR as the first-line therapy for resection of colorectal polyps,without restricting to lesions greater than 20 mm and those with high suspicion of submucosal invasion.

关键词： Endoscopic mucosal resection Endoscopy Colonic polyps Colorectal neoplasm Colonoscopy

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Is colonic lavage a suitable alternative for left-sided colonic emergencies?

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2021年第4期13卷 379-391页

作者： Hui Yu Tham Wen Hui Lim Sneha Rajiv Jain Cheng Han Mg Snow Yunni Lin Jie Ling Xiao Fung Joon Foo Kar Yong Wong choon seng chong Department of Surgery University Surgical ClusterNational University HospitalSingapore 11759Singapore Department of Medicine Yong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of SingaporeSingapore 11759Singapore Department of Colorectal Surgery Singapore General HospitalSingapore 169608Singapore Department of General Surgery Sengkang HealthSingapore 544886Singapore Colorectal Surgery Service Department of General SurgeryTan Tock Seng HospitalSingapore 308433Singapore Division of Colorectal Surgery University Surgical ClusterNational University Health SystemSingapore 119228Singapore Department of General Surgery Yong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of SingaporeSingapore 119228Singapore

BACKGROUND The use of intra-operative colonic lavage(IOCL)with primary anastomosis remains controversial in the emergency left-sided large bowel pathologies,with alternatives including Hartmann’s procedure,manual decompression and subtotal *** To compare the peri-operative outcomes of IOCL to other *** Electronic databases were searched for articles employing IOCL from inception till July 13,*** ratio and weighted mean differences(WMD)were estimated for dichotomous and continuous outcomes ***-arm meta-analysis was conducted using DerSimonian and Laird random *** Of 28 studies were included in this meta-analysis,involving 1142 undergoing IOCL,and 634 other *** leads to comparable rates of wound infection when compared to Hartmann’s procedure,and anastomotic leak and wound infection when compared to manual *** was a decreased length of hospital stay(WMD=-7.750;95%CI:-13.504 to-1.996;P=0.008)compared to manual decompression and an increased operating ***-arm meta-analysis found that overall mortality rates with IOCL was 4%(CI:0.03-0.05).Rates of anastomotic leak and wound infection were 3%(CI:0.02-0.04)and 12%(CI:0.09-0.16)*** IOCL leads to similar rates of post-operative complications compared to other *** extensive studies are needed to assess the outcomes of IOCL for emergency left-sided colonic surgeries.

关键词： Colon Colonic irrigation Intra-operative colonic lavage Anastomosis Emergency surgery Colonic neoplasm

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A comparative study of the pore characteristics and phenol adsorption performance of activated carbons prepared from oil-palm shell wastes by steam and combined steam-chemical activation

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Green Chemical Engineering 2024年第1期5卷 85-96页

作者： Aik chong Lua School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Nanyang Technological University50 Nanyang AvenueSingapore639798Republic of Singapore

Oil-palm shell wastes were successfully converted into useful activated carbons in a systematic and novel approach by optimizing the pyrolysis conditions and subsequent steam activation conditions to maximize the BET surface *** optimal activation conditions were a steam flow rate of 1.13 kg/h,hold time of 1.5 h and temperature of 950℃,yielding BET areas of 1432.94 and 1382.95 m^(2)/g for nitrogen-pyrolyzed and vacuumpyrolyzed chars,*** steam-chemical activation,one-step activation of oil-palm shell in steam with potassium carbonate(K_(2)CO_(3)),sodium carbonate(Na_(2)CO_(3))or potassium chloride(KCl)was conducted,resulting in BET area output order of shell/K_(2)CO_(3)(710.56 m^(2)/g)>shell/KCl(498.55 m^(2)/g)>shell(366.7 m^(2)/g)>shell/Na_(2)CO_(3)(326.62 m^(2)/g).This study reported the first use of KCl and Na_(2)CO_(3)as chemical reagents in one-step steam-chemical activation of ***-activated carbon exhibited retardation of tar formation property,resulting in better pore development than pure steam activated *** adsorption of activated carbon is not only a function of the BET surface area but also the type of pyrolysis used prior to physical *** carbon(BET area of 1192.29 m^(2)/g)pyrolyzed under vacuum could adsorb 87%more phenol than that pyrolyzed in nitrogen flow which had a higher BET area of 1432.94 m^(2)/*** adsorption capacities of activated carbons are:shell pyrolyzed under vacuum(275.5 mg/g)>shell pyrolyzed in N_(2)flow(147.1 mg/g)>shell/K_(2)CO_(3)(145.7 mg/g)>shell without pyrolysis(12.1 mg/g).These activated carbons would be highly suitable in industry processes to remove phenolic contaminants.

关键词： Pore surface area Oil-palm shell Activated carbon Steam activation Phenol adsorption

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Toward tunable shape memory effect of NiTi alloy by grain size engineering:A phase field study

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2024年第1期168卷 276-289页

作者： Bo Xu chong Wang Qingyuan Wang Failure Mechanics and Engineering Disaster Prevention Key Laboratory of Sichuan ProvinceSichuan UniversityChengdu 610065China Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering College of Architecture and EnvironmentSichuan UniversityChengdu 610065China Key Laboratory of Deep Underground Science and Engineering (Sichuan University)Ministry of EducationChengdu 610065China

The inelastic deformations of shape memory alloys(SMAs)always show poor controllability due to the avalanche-like martensite transformation,and the effective control for the deformation of precision de-vices has been not yet *** this work,the phase field method was used to investigate the shape memory effects(SMEs)of NiTi SMAs undergoing grain size(GS)engineering,to obtain tunable one-way and stress-assisted two-way SMEs(OWSME and SATWSME).The OWSME and SATWSME of the systems with various gradient-nanograin structures and bimodal grain structure,as well as that with geometric gradients were *** simulated results indicate that due to the GS dependences of martensite transformation and reorientation,the occurrence and expansion of martensite reorientation,martensite transformation and its reverse can be efficaciously controlled via the GS *** combining the GS engineering and geometric gradient design,since the effects of GS and stress gradient can be su-perimposed or competing,and the responses of martensite reorientation,martensite transformation and its reverse to this are different,the OWSME and SATWSME of the geometrically graded systems with various nanograin structures can exhibit different improvements in *** short,the reorienta-tion hardening modulus during OWSME is increased and the transformation temperature window during SATWSME is widened by GS engineering,indicating the improved controllability of *** optimal GS engineering schemes revealed in this work provide the basic reference and guidance for designing tun-able SMEs and producing NiTi-based driving devices catering to desired functional performance in various engineering fields.

关键词： Phase field NiTi Shape memory effect Grain size engineering Geometric gradient

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Lesson Learned from COVID-19 Retrospective Study: An Entropy-Based Clinical-Interpretable Scorecard for Mortality Risk Control at ICU Admission

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Tsinghua Science and Technology 2024年第1期29卷 34-45页

作者： chong Yao chonghui Huangqi Anpeng Huang Laboratory of Network Information Security Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China Andrew and Erna Viterbi School of Engineering University of Southern CaliforniaLos AnglesCA 90089USA Beijing Goodwill Information and Technology Co. Ltd.and Mobile Health LaboratoryPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China

With severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 spreading globally and causing 2019 coronavirus disease(COVID-19),a challenge that we unprepared for was about how to optimally plan and distribute limited top-medical resources for patients in need of urgent *** address this challenge,physicians desperately needed a scientific tool to methodically differentiate between cases with varying *** this study,the unique data of COVID-19 intensive care unit(ICU)patients provided by the national medical team in Wuhan were classified into discrete and continuous variable *** continuous data were discretized using an entropy-based method and transformed into serial information margins,in which each information margin is related to a specific symptom or clinical ***,all these native and processed discrete data were used to configure a readable scorecard through logistic regression,which is the desired scientific tool aforementioned.A total of 322 ICU patients(age:[median:64,interquartile range:54-75],males:178[55.28%],and death:72[22.36%])were included in the *** of mortality in COVID-19 patients can be evaluated using a scorecard model(calibration slope:1.343,Brier:0.048,Dxy=0.972,and population stability index=0.071),with desired model performances(accuracy=0.948,area under curve=0.99,sensitivity=1,and specificity=0.939).This new model can interpret clinical meanings from complex data,and compare it with existing machine learning methods through a black-box *** new data-information model answers a critical question of how a computing algorithm produces clinically meaningful results that will help physicians logically allocate medical resources for COVID-19 ***,this tool has limitations,giving that this research is a retrospective ***,this tool will be tested further and optimized for adaptation to similar clinical cases in the future.

关键词： COVID-19 scorecard clinical-interpretable machine learning ICU admission control

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Quantum Curve and Bilinear Fermionic Form for the Orbifold Gromov–Witten Theory of P[r]

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2024年第1期40卷 43-80页

作者： chong Yao CHEN Shuai GUO Mathematics Department Duke UniversityBox 90320DurhamNC 27708-0320USA School of Mathematical Sciences Peking UniversityBeijing 100871P.R.China

We construct the quantum curve for the Baker-Akhiezer function of the orbifold Gromov-Witten theory of the weighted projective line P[r].Furthermore,we deduce the explicit bilinear Fermionic formula for the(stationary... 详细信息

关键词： Quantum curve Free Fermions Gromov-Witten invariants Orbifold P^(1)

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Metal-organic frameworks on 3D interconnected macroporous sponge foams for large-scale water decontamination:A mini review

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第5期35卷 77-84页

作者： Xiao-Hong Yi chong-Chen Wang Beijing Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Building Structure and Environment Remediation School of Environment and Energy EngineeringBeijing University of Civil Engineering and ArchitectureBeijing 100044China

Water pollution caused by global population growth,urban expansion and industrialization development is one of the urgent issues that need to be addressed in the 21st *** to now,it was challenging for metal-organic frameworks(MOFs)to be used in the actual water treatment due to that the powder MOFs suffered from difficult reuse,poor water stability and easy *** is an effective strategy to immobilize MOFs powder onto porous sponge foam carriers for accomplishing large flux,facile recycling,easy processing water treatment *** this review article,the fabrication approaches and applications of different MOFs/sponge composites were highlighted,in which the fluorescence detection of pollutants,adsorption and separation of pollutants,catalytic reduction and oxidation of pollutants were ***,the future challenges and opportunities of MOF/sponge for water treatment are proposed,aiming to provide in-depth guidance for the future design and manufacture of the immobilized MOFs onto sponge foams.

关键词： Metal-organic frameworks Sponge foam Water decontamination Adsorption Catalysis

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Strong shock propagation for the finite-source circular blast in a confined domain

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2024年第6期45卷 1071-1084页

作者： Qihang MA Kaileong chong Bofu WANG Quan ZHOU Shanghai Key Laboratory of Mechanics in Energy Engineering Shanghai Institute of Applied Mathematics and MechanicsSchool of Mechanics and Engineering ScienceShanghai UniversityShanghai 200072China Shanghai Institute of Aircraft Mechanics and Control Shanghai 200092China

The circular explosion wave produced by the abrupt discharge of gas from a high-temperature heat source serves as a crucial model for addressing explosion phenomena in compressible *** reflection of the primary shock and its propagation within a confined domain are studied both theoretically and numerically in this *** the assumption of strong shock,the scaling law governing propagation of the main shock is *** dimensionless frequency of reflected shock propagation is associated with the confined *** numerical simulation for the circular explosion problem in a confined domain is performed for *** the influence of confinement,the principal shock wave systematically undergoes reflection within the domain until it weakens,leading to the non-monotonic attenuation of kinetic energy in the explosion fireball and periodic oscillations of the fireball volume with a certain *** simulation results indicate that the frequency of kinetic energy attenuation and the volume oscillation of the explosive fireball align consistently with the scaling law.

关键词： explosion confinement main shock frequency

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CMMCAN:Lightweight Feature Extraction and Matching Network for Endoscopic Images Based on Adaptive Attention

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第8期80卷 2761-2783页

作者： Nannan chong Fan Yang School of Electronic and Information Engineering Hebei University of TechnologyTianjin300401China School of Information and Intelligence Engineering Tianjin Renai CollegeTianjin301636China

In minimally invasive surgery,endoscopes or laparoscopes equipped with miniature cameras and tools are used to enter the human body for therapeutic purposes through small incisions or natural ***,in clinical operating environments,endoscopic images often suffer from challenges such as low texture,uneven illumination,and non-rigid structures,which affect feature observation and *** can severely impact surgical navigation or clinical diagnosis due to missing feature points in endoscopic images,leading to treatment and postoperative recovery issues for *** address these challenges,this paper introduces,for the first time,a Cross-Channel Multi-Modal Adaptive Spatial Feature Fusion(ASFF)module based on the lightweight architecture of ***,a novel lightweight feature extraction and matching network based on attention mechanism is *** network dynamically adjusts attention weights for cross-modal information from grayscale images and optical flow images through a dual-branch Siamese *** extracts static and dynamic information features ranging from low-level to high-level,and from local to global,ensuring robust feature extraction across different widths,noise levels,and blur *** and local matching are performed through a multi-level cascaded attention mechanism,with cross-channel attention introduced to simultaneously extract low-level and high-level *** ablation experiments and comparative studies are conducted on the HyperKvasir,EAD,M2caiSeg,CVC-ClinicDB,and UCL synthetic *** results demonstrate that the proposed network improves upon the baseline EfficientViT-B3 model by 75.4%in accuracy(Acc),while also enhancing runtime performance and storage *** compared with the complex DenseDescriptor feature extraction network,the difference in Acc is less than 7.22%,and IoU calculation results on specific datasets outperform complex dense ***

关键词： Feature extraction and matching lightweighted network medical images endoscopic attention

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Effect of Texture on the Grain-Size-Dependent Functional Properties of NiTi Shape Memory Alloys and Texture Gradient Design:A Phase Field Study

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Acta Mechanica Solida Sinica 2024年第1期37卷 10-32页

作者： Bo Xu Beihai Huang chong Wang Qingyuan Wang Failure Mechanics and Engineering Disaster Prevention Key Laboratory of Sichuan ProvinceSichuan UniversityChengdu 610065China Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering College of Architecture and EnvironmentSichuan UniversityChengdu 610065China Key Laboratory of Deep Underground Science and Engineering Ministry of EducationSichuan UniversityChengdu 610065China

Texture is inevitably introduced during the manufacturing of most NiTi shape memory alloys(SMAs),and the textured nanocrystalline NiTi has been extensively employed in ***,the effect of texture,and the joint effect of grain size(GS)and texture on the functional properties of NiTi SMAs and the corresponding microscopic mechanisms have not been clearly understood *** this work,based on the phase field method,the effect of texture on the GS-dependent functional properties of NiTi SMAs,including super-elasticity(SE),one-way shape memory effect(OWSME),and stress-assisted two-way shape memory effect(SATWSME),is investigated,and the corresponding microscopic mechanisms are ***,the samples with discrete geometrical gradients and/or texture gradients are designed to achieve graded functional *** simulation results indicate that the dependence of functional properties on texture is due to the effect of crystallographic orientation on martensite transformation and reorientation,which can lead to different inelastic *** the designed samples with texture gradients,the stress–strain responses of sheets with various textures are different,allowing for the coordination of overall deformation of the sample by combining such sheets,with varying inelastic deformation ***,the overall response of the sample differs from that without texture gradient,leading to the achievement of graded functional *** simulation results and new findings in this work contribute to a deeper understanding of the effects of texture,GS,and their interaction on the functional properties of SMAs,and provide valuable reference for the design and development of SMA-based devices with desired functional properties.

关键词： Phase field NiTi shape memory alloy Texture Grain size Functional property Texture gradient

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