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Petrography, Geochemistry and U-Pb Detrital Zircon Dating of the Clastic Phu Khat Formation in the Nakhon Thai Region, Thailand: Implications for Provenance and Geotectonic Setting

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Journal of Earth Science 2016年第3期27卷 329-349页

作者： Pradit Nulay chongpan chonglakmani Qinglai Feng School of Geotechnology Institute of Engineering Suranaree University of Technology Department of Mineral Resources Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources China University of Geosciences School of Earth Sciences China University of Geosciences

The purpose of this paper is to determine the provenance and tectonic setting of the Phu Khat Formation and get a better understanding of the tectonic evolution of the Nakhon Thai region using the petrography and whole-rock geochemistry integrated with the U-Pb detrital zircon dating. The sandstone of the Late Cretaceous to Early Tertiary Phu Khat Formation is chiefly characterized by unsorted texture and highly unstable volcanic lithic fragments. The formation overlies unconformably on a high textural and mineral maturity of clastic sandstone of the Late Cretaceous Khao Ya Puk Formation. Geochemically, the tectonic setting discrimination（K2O/Na2O-SiO2, Al2O3/SiO2-Fe2O3＋Mg O, and Th-Sc-Zr/10） and the petrography indicate that the Phu Khat Formation was accumulated in a passive margin tectonic setting which is the same as the Khao Ya Puk Formation but with a different depositional environment. The plots of geochemical provenance discrimination（La/Th-Hf, Th/Sc-Zr/Sc, Eu anomaly Eu/Eu＊ 0.42 to 0.74） and the petrography reveal that the provenance of the Khao Ya Puk Formation is mainly recycled sedimentary rocks while the Phu Khat Formation consists primarily of recycled sedimentary rocks associated with minor felsic volcanic rocks from the old continental island arc of the uplifted either western or eastern continental terranes or both. However, the U-Pb detrital zircon dating indicates a unique provenance of the Phu Khat Formation from the terrane west of the Nakhon Thai region where the volcanic continental arc is active predominantly in the Middle to Late Triassic. The results indicate that while the Phu Khat Formation was accumulated in Nakhon Thai region, the western terrane was uplifted by reactivation of the preexisting structure probably since the Maastrichtian time to be the source area of sediments. Meanwhile, the eastern terrane（mainly Loei-Phetchabun fold belt） had not been uplifted probably until, the accumulation of the Phu Khat Formation terminated. Subse

关键词： Phu Khat Formation provenance U-Pb detrital zircon dating geochemistry petrography

Source rock potential assessment of the Huai Hin Lat Formation,Sap Phlu Basin, Nakhon Ratchasima Province, northeastern Thailand

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Acta Geochimica 2023年第1期42卷 38-49页

作者： Boonnarong Arsairai Qinglai Feng chongpan chonglakmani Sakchai Glumglomjit School of Geotechnology Institute of EngineeringSuranaree University of TechnologyMuangNakhon Ratchasima 30000Thailand State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources China University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China

The Huai Hin Lat Formation has a high-potential resource, and the Ban Nong Sai part was researched and sampled. To achieve this goal, petrographic analysis(kerogen types), geochemical analysis(total organic carbon content, TOC), vitrinite reflectance(Ro), and Rock–Eval(RE) pyrolysis were carried out in this study. According to the findings, types Ⅱ, Ⅲ, and Ⅳ were identified using a modified Van-Krevelen diagram because the higher mature source rock showing hydrogen index(HI) and oxygen index(OI) are continuously depleted and raised. However,microscopic observation describes macerals as primarily sapropelic amorphinite, therefore, type I is important. The TOC was determined to be between 1.90% and 7.06%,which is considered very good to excellent. The original total organic carbon(TOCo) was decided to use its maceral components to determine how to convert extremely mature TOC to TOCo. It varies between 5.13% and 10.74% and reaches a maximum of 57.21% which is comparable to TOC. At 0.82%–1.04%, 443–451 ℃, 0.50%–38.10%, and69.00%–99.59% are the vitrinite reflectance(Ro), maximum temperature(Tmax), production index(PI), and transformation ratio(TR), respectively. Late peak maturity refers to a mixture of oil and gas, whereas most TR ratios refer to the main gas phase. Similarly, the petroleum residual shows no indication of gas trapped at a volume of6309.50 mcf/ac-ft. In summary, source rock potential was assessed within a suitable risk range defined by Tmax(445.70 ℃), Ro(0.91%), TR(90.63%), TOC(8.15%),shale thickness(46 m), and kerogen type(type I).

关键词： TOC Shale gas Maturity Geochemistry Kerogen type Pyrolysis

Long-lived Paleotethyan pelagic remnant inside Shan-Thai Block:Evidence from radiolarian biostratigraphy

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Science China Earth Sciences 2004年第12期47卷 1113-1119页

作者： chongpan chonglakmani Dietrich Helmcke Rucha Ingavat-Helmcke School of Geotechnology Suranaree University of TechnologyNakhon RatchasimaThailandCenter of GeosciencesUniversity of GottingenGoldschmidtstr.3D-37077 GottingenGermany Center of GeosciencesUniversity of GottingenGoldschmidtstr.3D-37077 GottingenGermany

Newly identified radiolarians from ribbon chert in the Mae Hong Son-Mae Sariang area, northwestern Thailand covered Early Carboniferous, Late Permian, and Middle-Late Triassic in age, which indicate that there was a pelagic basin during the Late Paleozoic and Triassic in this region together with the published radiolarian biostratigraphic data. This basin is joined with the Chiang Dao and Changning-Menglian oceanic basins, which represent the main oceanic basin of Paleotethyan Archipelago Ocean. The main oceanic basin was situated in the traditional “Shan-Thai Block”. Therefore, “the Shan-Thai Block” was not a single block during that stage, but composed of the Paleotethyan Ocean and two continental terranes that affiliated to Gondwana and Cathysian domains respectively. Keywords Late Paleozoic and Triassic - Radiolarian - northwest Thailand - Shan-Thai Block - Paleotethys

关键词： Late Paleozoic and Triassic, radiolarian, northwest Thailand, Shan-Thai Block, Paleotethys.

Geochemical and geochronological constrains on the Chiang Khong volcanic rocks （northwestern Thailand） and its tectonic implications

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Frontiers of Earth Science 2013年第4期7卷 508-521页

作者： Xin QIAN Qinglai FENG chongpan chonglakmani Denchok MONJAI State Key Laboratory of Geological Process and Mineral Resources China University of Geosciences Wuhan 430074 China School of Geotechnology Suranaree University of Technology Nakhon Ratchasima 30000 Thailand

Volcanic rocks in northwestern Thailand exposed dominantly in the Chiang Khong area, are commonly considered to be genetically linked to the tectonic evolution of the Paleo-Tethyan Ocean. The volcanic rocks consist mainly of andesitic to rhyolitic rocks and are traditionally mapped as Permian-Triassic sequences. Our zircon U-Pb geochronological results show that two andesitic samples （TL-1-B and TL-31-B）, are representative of the Doi Yao volcanic zone, and give a mean weighted age of 241.2-＋-4.6 Ma and 241.7-＋-2.9 Ma, respectively. The rhyolitic sample （TL-32-B1） from the Doi Khun Ta Khuan volcanic zone erupted at 238.3＋3.8 Ma. Such ages indicate that Chiang Khong volcanic rocks erputed during the early Middle Triassic period. Seven samples from the Doi Yao and Doi Khun Ta Khuan zones exhibit an affinity to arc volcanics. Three rhyolitic samples from the Chiang Khong area have a geochemical affinity to both arc and syn-eollisional volcanic rocks. The Chiang Khong arc volcanic rocks can be geochemically compared with those in the Lampang area in northern Thailand, also consistent with those in Jinghong area of southwestern Yunnan. This indicates that the Chiang Rai arc-volcanic zone might northwardly link to the Lancangjiang volcanic zone in southwestern China.

关键词： volcanic rocks geochemistry zircon U-Pb age early Middle Triassic Chiang Khong northwestern Thailand

Paleoproductivity and Paleoredox Condition of the Huai Hin Lat Formation in Northeastern Thailand

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Journal of Earth Science 2016年第3期27卷 350-364页

作者： Boonnarong Arsairai Akkhapun Wannakomol Qinglai Feng chongpan chonglakmani School of Geotechnology Institute of Engineering Suranaree University of Technology State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources China University of Geosciences School of Earth Sciences China University of Geosciences

The petroleum exploration has been conducted in the Khorat Plateau since 1962 and two gas fields have been discovered and commercially produced. The lacustrine facies of the Huai Hin Lat Formation is believed to be one of the main source rocks of the gas. Therefore, investigation and analysis of the Huai Hin Lat shale for understanding the paleoenvironment and petroleum source rock are carried out in this study. Petrographical study and geochemical analysis of shale samples were performed to explain the paleoproductivity and past redox condition. The palynofacies assemblage comprises abundant AOM, acritarchs, phytoclasts, and very small amount of spores and pollen. Geochemical analysis was used to determine the total organic carbon（TOC） and the concentration of major, trace, and rare earth elements. The paleoproductivity proxies are composed of palynofacies, TOC, excess SiO2, Ba/Al, and P/Al. They reflect a high paleoproductivity except the middle of the lower part（bed 3） and the lower bed 13 of the upper part. Bed 3 shows the highest peak of TOC and the lower bed 13 exhibits a relatively lower TOC, which can be explained by the excellent and the poorer preservation condition, respectively. The paleoredox proxies consist of U/Th, V/Cr, Ni Co,（Cu＋Mo）/Zn, Ni/V, and Ce anomaly. They are used to establish the depositional environments, to characterize the organic matter content, and to assess the source rock potential. They reflect many high peaks and predominantly high values of paleoredox proxies except the middle part and the lower bed（lower bed 13） of the upper part. They indicate that the section was mainly under anoxic or reducing condition, which is supported by the high Ce/Ce＊（〉0.8） and V/Cr（〉2.0） values. The middle of the lower part（bed 3） shows lower productivity but it contains the highest peak of TOC, which is conformed to be the excellent preservation of organic matters in the strong reducing condition. The middle part, which shows high productivity, contai

关键词： fluvio-lacustrine facies Sap Phlu Basin primary productivity TOC acritarchs organic carbon preservation reducing condition anoxic environment

Geochemistry of Middle Triassic Radiolarian Cherts from Northern Thailand:Implication for Depositional Environment

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Journal of Earth Science 2011年第6期22卷 688-703页

作者： Hathaithip Thassanapak Mongkol Udchachon chongpan chonglakmani 冯庆来 Department of Biology Faculty of ScienceMahasarakham University Palaeontological Research and Education Centre Mahasarakham University School of Geotechnology Institute of EngineeringSuranaree University of Technology State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources China University of Geosciences

Geochemical analysis reveals that Middle Triassic radiolarian cherts from northern Thailand,including Chiang Dao,Lamphun and Den Chai,are of biogenic *** cherts present slightly high SiO2 content which was possibly modified by diagenetic alteration and migration processes as indicated by negative correlation between SiO2 and most of the other major *** relatively high content of Cr,Zr,Hf,Rb and Th and high positive correlation of these elements with Al and Ti from the majority of cherts suggest a close relation to terrigenous *** Ce anomaly（Ce/Ce＊） with geometric means ranging from 0.85 to 0.93 is compatible with that of continental margin composi-tion（0.67-1.52） from Murray et al.（1990） which is also consistent with low Eu anomalies（Eu/Eu＊,0.91-0.94）.Moreover,the slightly low ratios of La and Ce NASC normalized（Lan/Cen,0.91-0.94） and the low LREE and HREE ratios in most of our samples（Lan/Ybn,0.62-0.85） are in agreement with the continental *** result from Lan/Cen ***2O3/（Al2O3＋Fe2O3） discrimination diagrams also supports the continental margin（residual basin,***.） *** geochemical results are compatible with geological evidence,which suggest that during the Middle Triassic,radio-larian cherts were deposited within a deeper part of a residual basin in which an accommoda-tion space was possibly controlled by faults un-der extensional regime subsequent to Late Variscan（Permian） ***-cally,the main Paleotethys which closed during Late Triassic should be located further to the west of these study *** scenario is in agreement with the current view of the Tethys in this part of the world.

关键词： Triassic geochemistry radiolarian chert depositional environment northern Thailand.

Geochemical characteristics of the oceanic islandtype volcanic rocks in the Chiang Mai zone,northern Thailand

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Chinese Journal Of Geochemistry 2009年第3期28卷 258-263页

作者： SHEN Shangyue FENG Qinglai ZHANG Zhibin chongpan chonglakmani China University ofGeosciences Wuhan 430074 China Institute of Regional Geology Yunnan Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources Yuxi 653100 China Suranaree University of Technology Thailand

The oceanic island volcanic rocks in the Chiang Mai zone, northern Thailand, are usually covered by Lower Carboniferous and Upper Permian shallow-water carbonate rocks, with the Hawaii rocks and potash trachybasalt being the main rock types. The alkaline series is dominant with sub-alkaline series occurring in few cases. The geochemical characteristics are described as follows: the major chemical compositions are characterized by high TiO2, high P2O5 and medium K2O; the rare-earth elements are characterized by right-inclined strong LREE-enrichment patterns; the trace element patterns are of the upward-bulging K-Ti enrichment type; multi-component plots falling within the fields of oceanic island basalts and alkali basalts, belonging to the oceanic island-type volcanic rocks, which are similar to the equivalents in Deqin and Gengma (the Changning-Menglian zone) of Yunnan Province, China.

关键词：洋岛玄武岩地球化学特征火山岩区泰国稀土元素特征碱性玄武岩岩石类型二氧化钛

Zircon U-Pb Geochronological Evidence for the Evolution of the Nan-Uttaradit Suture in Northern Thailand

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Journal of Earth Science 2016年第3期27卷 378-390页

作者： Wenqiang Yang Xin Qian Qinglai Feng Shangyue Shen chongpan chonglakmani Wuhan Center of Geological Survey Wuhan 430205China State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources China University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China School of Earth Sciences China University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China School of Geotechnology Suranaree University of TechnologyNakhon Ratchasima 30000Thailand

The Nan-Uttaradit suture is marked by a narrow N-S trending and discontinuous ophiolite belt in northern Thailand. This suture zone is a mélange composed of gabbro, tholeiitic meta- basalt, andesite and radiolarian chert. Samples of gabbro and meta-basalt in the Nan-Uttaradit suture yield zircon U-Pb ages of 311±10 and 316±3 Ma, respectively, interpreted as the crystallization ages of the rocks, suggesting the Nan-Uttaradit Ocean existed in the Late Carboniferous. Our results indicate that the Nan-Uttaradit Ocean co-existed with the Ailaoshan-Jinshajiang Ocean to the north and was probably an along-strike extension of the latter.

关键词： Nan-Uttaradit suture ophiolite mélange zircon U-Pb age northern Thailand

Petrochemistry and Tectonic Setting of the Middle Triassic Arc-Like Volcanic Rocks in the Sayabouli Area,NW Laos

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Journal of Earth Science 2016年第3期27卷 365-377页

作者： Xin Qian Qinglai Feng Yuejun Wang Wenqiang Yang chongpan chonglakmani Denchok Monjai State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources China University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China School of Earth Sciences China University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China School of Earth Science and Geological Engineering Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510275China CAS Center for Excellence in Tibetan Plateau Earth Sciences Beijing 100101China Wuhan Center of Geological Survey Wuhan 430205China School of Geotechnology Suranaree University of TechnologyNakhon Ratchasima 30000Thailand

The volcanic rocks from the Sayabouli area in northwestern Laos have been poorly studied. These volcanic rocks are traditionally mapped as the Permian–Early Triassic sequences on the geological map. One basaltic-andesite from the Sayabouli area yields a zircon U-Pb age of 237.7±1.7 Ma, suggesting a Middle Triassic origin. All basalt and basaltic-andesite samples from the Sayabouli area show depletions in HFSEs（e.g., Nb, Ta, Ti） and have high LILE/HFSE ratios, and exhibit the geochemical affinity to the continental arc volcanic rocks and are geochemically similar to the continental arc volcanic rocks from the Phetchabun belt in northeastern Thailand, suggesting a Late Permian–Middle Triassic continental margin in the Sayabouli area of northwestern Laos and Phetchabun area of northeastern Thailand. Our data indicate that the Phetchabun arc volcanic belt through the western Loei sub-belt can be linked to the Sayabouli area in northwestern Laos.

关键词： volcanic rock geochemical characteristics zircon U-Pb age Middle Triassic Sayabouli northwestern Laos