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Identification and immune analysis of antimicrobial peptides from the cigarette beetle(Lasioderma serricorne)

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Insect Science 2024年第4期31卷 1121-1134页

作者： Yue Zhang Yi Yan Guy Smagghe Hong yang ren-huai Dai Wen-jia yang Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory for Agricultural Pest Management of the Mountainous Region Institute of EntomologyGuizhou UniversityGuiyangChina Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory for Rare Animal and Economic Insect of the Mountainous Region College of Biology and Environmental EngineeringGuiyang UniversityGuiyangChina

Antimicrobial peptides(AMPs)in insects are endogenous peptides that are effector components of the innate defense system of the *** may serve as antimicrobial agents because of their small molecular weight and broad-spectrum antimicrobial *** this study,we performed transcriptome analysis of cigarette beetle(Lasioderma serricorne)larvae,parasitized by the ectoparasitic wasp,Anisopteromalus *** AMP genes were significantly upregulated following *** parasitism,postulating the hypothesis that the parasitization enhanced the host's resistance against pathogenic microorganisms through the regulation of host AMP ***,3 AMP genes(LsDef1,LsDef2,and LsCole)were significantly upregulated and we studied their immune function in *** challenge and functional analysis showed that LsCole was responsible for the immune response against Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria,while LsDef1 and LsDef2 were involved in insect defense against Gram-positive *** recombinant LsCole exhibited antimicrobial activities against the Gram-negative bacterium Escherichia coli and the Gram-positive bacterium Staphylococcus ***2 showed an antibacterial effect against *** and LsDef2 exhibited antibiofilm activity against *** 2 AMPs disrupted cell membranes and caused leakage of *** cell *** results indicated that the 3 AMPs in *** are involved in the innate immunity of this pest *** AMPs may have potential as antimicrobial agents for bacterial infection ***,data are discussed in relation to new control strategies with greater biosafety against pest insects with use of microbial biocontrol agents in combination with RNA interference against the insect's defensive AMP genes.

关键词： antimicrobial activity antimicrobial peptides innate immune response Lasioderma serricorne RNA interference

Rapid recovery of desert shrubs is attributed to imbalance of water supply to demand after disturbance in Northwest China

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Ecological Processes 2024年第2期13卷 118-129页

作者： Hai Zhou Xiangyan Feng Zhibin He Qiyue yang Heng ren Wenzhi Zhao Linze Inland River Basin Research Station Chinese Ecosystem Research Network Key Laboratory of Ecological Safety and Sustainable Development in Arid Lands Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources Chinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

Background Disturbance is a key driver of changes in terrestrial ecosystems, especially in water limited regions. In the desert ecosystem of Northwest China, shrubs are often foraged by camels and this causes the shrubs lost their aboveground tissues. Although the aboveground tissue could recover after the disturbance, the mechanisms of resprouts' recovery after the disturbance are still poorly understood. We investigated the morphological and physiological characteristics and root water uptake sources of resprouts and non-disturbed seedlings of four desert shrub species that were often foraged by *** The results showed that the resprouts grew rapidly after the removal of aboveground tissue. The height and aboveground biomass of resprouts reached the level of 5-year-old seedlings following a growing season. Compared to un-disturbed seedlings, higher leaf water potential, leaf hydraulic conductance and photosynthesis rate were observed in resprouts, indicating that resprouts grew rapidly after disturbance. Furthermore, we found that the root water uptake source did not change after disturbance. This indicated that the roots of resprouts kept intact water uptake capacity after disturbance, which could keep supplying sufficient water to the aboveground tissue. Due to the removal of aboveground tissue of the resprouts, the water demand of aboveground tissue decreased, which induced an imbalance of water supply from roots to demand of aboveground tissues of resprouts. This explained the improved physiological performance and rapid recovery of resprouts after *** The imbalance of water supply to demand contributes to the rapid recovery of desert shrubs after disturbance. The findings provide insight into the eco-physiological mechanism for the maintenance of desert ecosystems that are facing disturbance.

关键词： Disturbance Resprout Physiological performance Shrub Water uptake source

High-precision modeling of tide-induced 3-D magnetic field and analysis of geomagnetic satellite orbit requirements

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第1期67卷 165-178页

作者： Zhengyong ren Cong yang Hongbo YAO Xu TANG Jingtian TANG Keke ZHANG Key Laboratory of Metallogenic Prediction of Nonferrous Metals and Geological Environment Monitoring Ministry of Education Central South UniversityChangsha 410083China Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Resources and Geological Hazards Exploration Changsha 410083China School of Geosciences and Info-Physics Central South UniversityChangsha 410083China State Key Laboratory of Lunar and Planetary Sciences Macao University of Science and TechnologyMacao 999078China

Ground-based magnetic observatories and geomagnetic satellites can observe the induced magnetic field generated by the motion of seawater containing sodium and chlorine *** the three-dimensional(3-D)spatial distribution of tide-induced magnetic fields(TIMF)is crucial for inverting the electrical conductivity structure of the oceanic *** also serves as an essential basis for designing optimal geomagnetic observatories and satellite ***,existing methods for simulating TIMF suffer from limitations in inaccurately modeling realistic coastlines,heterogeneous land and sea surface properties,and complex deep Earth structures,thereby the interpretational level of TIMF data is *** overcome this issue,we developed a tetrahedral-based finite element method for simulating TIMF,which can efficiently approximate realistic coastlines,heterogeneous land and sea surface properties,and complex deep Earth ***,we derived the boundary value problem for the seawater motion-induced electromagnetic field,which was solved using the vector finite element method based on tetrahedral ***,using the latest ocean depth and seafloor sediment layer models,we constructed a 3-D conductivity model of the Earth,which includes realistic coastlines,heterogeneous land and sea conductivity *** then computed the TIMF using the M_(2)tidal source as an example and validated our method by comparing it with results obtained from spherical harmonic finite element and integral equation ***,utilizing the computed high-precision M_(2),N_(2),and O1 TIMF signals,we marked global observatories capable of observing strong M_(2),N_(2),and O1 TIMF signals and predicted alternative stations suitable for tide signal ***,we calculated TIMF at heights of 450 and 200 km for the Macao Science Satellite 1 and its subsequent *** results indicate that the amplitude of the tidal-induced magnetic field at

关键词： Ocean motional induction Electromagnetic induction Ocean tides Geomagnetic satellite Macao Science Satellite 1

Doping engineering of iron oxide nanoparticles towards high performance and biocompatible T_(1)-weighted MRI contrast agents

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Rare Metals 2024年第1期43卷 298-308页

作者： Xue Xu Ping-Li Dong Yu-Yun Chai Run yang Zhen-Hui Ma Chi-chong Lu Department of Chemistry College of Chemistry and Materials EngineeringBeijing Technology and Business UniversityBeijing 100048China Department of Physics Beijing Technology and Business UniversityBeijing 100048China

Extremely small-sized iron oxide nanoparticles(IONPs) are of great interest in magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) due to their biosafety as an alternative to clinical gadolinium(Ⅲ) complexes-based contrast *** when the particle size is less than 10 nm,it has strong diffusion ability and deep penetration distance in tumor *** doping can significantly enhance the T_(1)contrast effect of nanoparticles by regulating the surface exposed ***,the nucleation and growth processes of multi-component synthesis systems are complex and difficult to be accurately controlled,leading to great challenges in the synthesis of ultra-small-sized nanoparticles with different components and ***,extremely smallsized superparamagnetic gadolinium-doped iron oxide nanoparticles(GdIONPs,Gd_(x)Fe_(3-x)O_(4) NPs) with adjustable doping amount and controllable size in the range of 3.5-7.5 nm were synthesized by thermal ***,as-synthesized GdIONPs were surface modified with a highly water-soluble and biocompatible carboxyl-polyethylene glycol-phosphoric acid ligand with high binding ***_(0.65)Fe_(2.35)O_(4) NPs exhibited very high r_(1) relaxivity of 10.6 mmol^(-1)·L·s^(-1) in terms of all metal concentrations and 49.0 mmol^(-1)·L·s^(-1) in terms of gadolinium alone,respectively,3 and 14 times higher than clinical T_(1) contrast agents(Gd-DTPA).GdIONPs can continuously obtain high resolution images of blood vessels,and can be used as an efficient and multifunctional contrast agent for MR T_(1)*** stable and efficient doping strategy provides an easy and effective method to individually optimize the magnetic properties of complex oxides and their relaxation effects for a variety of biomedical applications.

关键词： Iron oxide nanoparticles Small size Magnetic resonance imaging Substitutional doping Gd dopant

Preparation of Chemically Recyclable Poly(ether-alt-ester) by the Ring Opening Polymerization of Cyclic Monomers Synthesized by Coupling Glycolide and Epoxides

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2024年第2期42卷 168-175,I0006页

作者： Feng ren Zhuang-Zhuang Liang Ming-Xin Niu Chen-yang Hu Xuan Pang Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials Changchun Institute of Applied ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesChangchun130022China School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei230026China

Polyester and polyether are two key oxygenated polymers, and completely alternative sequence of poly(ester-alt-ether) could efficiently combine the advantages(including flexibility, degradability, etc.) of both segments. Currently, despite their copolymers could be synthesized from one-pot mixture of cyclic esters and epoxides, perfectly alternative microstructure is very challenging to realize and typically restricted to certain monomer pairs. Moving forward, synthesizing poly(ester-alt-ether) from commercially available and largescale monomers would be a significant advance. For example, successfully commercialized poly(glycolic acid)(PGA), which is not easily soluble in polymers due to its high crystallinity and is brittle and difficult to control the degradation cycle, would encounter a new paradigm if engineered into poly(ester-altether). In this work, starting from the design of monomer with hybrid structures, we successfully synthesized a series of 1,4-dioxan-2-one containing different substituents based on glycolide(GA) and epoxides using commercially available Salen-Cr(III) and PPNCl catalytic *** new monomers underwent ring-opening polymerization(ROP) to form a series of poly(ester-alt-ether) with perfectly alternating glycolic acid and propylene glycol repeat units under catalytic system of thiourea/base. The poly(ester-alt-ether) have significantly lower glass-transition temperature than PGA. Additionally, the poly(ester-alt-ether) can be chemically recovered to monomer using Sn(Oct)2 or 1,8-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undecane-7-ene(DBU) as a catalyst in solution, thus establishing a closed-loop life cycle. From monomers derived from GA and epoxides, this work furnishes a novel strategy for the synthesis of poly(ester-alt-ether) with chemical recyclability.

关键词： Polyester Polyether Alternative copolymer Ring-opening polymerization

Metal-organic framework and its composites modulate macrophage polarization in the treatment of inflammatory diseases

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第5期35卷 45-56页

作者： Feifei Wang Hang Yao Xinyue Wu Yijian Tang yang Bai Hui chong Huan Pang School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225002China School of Pharmacy Changzhou UniversityChangzhou 213164China State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China

Metal-organic framework(MOF)is a periodic sexual network structure with large surface area and high porosity,which is assembled by inorganic nodes and organic ligands through coordinate covalent *** have the advantages of controllable pore size and shape,large specific surface area,easy modification and more active *** addition,MOF based nanoenzymes display excellent enzyme catalytic activity due to their special structure and multiple exposed metal active sites,controlling the production of reactive oxygen species(ROS)in cells or the body,and thus regulating the polarization of *** article reviews the mechanism of MOF material regulating macrophage polarization and the function of macrophages with different *** utilizing the excellent properties of MOFs and the advantages of combining them with bioactive materials,we have discovered their excellent applications in the treatment of inflammatory ***,we discussed the current challenges and prospects faced by MOF based composite *** expect that the research in this developing field will play a more important role in combating inflammatory diseases in the field of nanomedicine.

关键词： Metal-organic framework Inflammation Macrophage polarization Reactive oxygen species Nanozyme activity

Endowing low fatigue for elastocaloric effect by refined hierarchical microcomposite in additive manufactured NiTiCuCo alloy

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International Journal of Extreme Manufacturing 2024年第4期6卷 307-322页

作者： Bo Feng Helong Liu Ying yang Hui Shen yang ren Yinong Liu Lishan Cui Bingmin Huang Shijie Hao College of New Energy and Materials China University of PetroleumBeijing 102249People's Republic of China College of Chemical Engineering and Environment China University of PetroleumBeijing 102249People's Republic of China Department of Physics City University of Hong Kong83 Tat Chee AvenueKowloonHong Kong Special Administrative Region of ChinaPeople's Republic of China Department of Mechanical Engineering The University of Western AustraliaPerthWA 6009Australia Jiangsu Smart Advanced Material Tech Co. LtdXuzhou 221000People's Republic of China

NiTiCu-based shape memory alloys have been considered as ideal materials for solid-state refrigeration due to their superb cycling stability for elastocaloric ***,the embrittlement and deterioration caused by secondary phase and coarse grains restrict their applications,and it is still challenging since the geometric components are ***,bulk NiTiCuCo parts with excellent forming quality were fabricated by laser powder bed fusion(LPBF)*** as-fabricated alloy exhibits refined three-phases hierarchical microcomposite formed based on the rapid cooling mode of LPBF,composed of intricate dendritic Ti2Ni–NiTi composite and nano Ti2Cu embedded inside the *** configuration endows far superior elastocaloric stability compared to the as-cast *** low fatigue stems from the strong elastic coupling between the interphases with reversible martensite transformation,revealed by in-situ synchrotron high-energy x-ray *** fabrication of NiTiCuCo alloy via LPBF fills the bill of complex geometric structures for elastocaloric NiTiCu *** understanding of interphase micro-coupling could provide the guide for designing LPBF fabricated shape memory-based composites,enabling their applications for special demands on other functionalities.

关键词： NiTiCuCo shape memoryalloy microcomposite high-energyx-raydiffraction laser powderbedfusion

Effect of solute Ce,Mn,and Si on mechanical properties of silicon steel:insights from DFT calculations

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2024年第3期31卷 700-709页

作者： Xiang-jun Liu Ji-chun yang Hui-ping ren Xiao-bin Jia Ming-yi Zhang Chang-qiao yang School of Materials and Metallurgy Inner Mongolia University of Science and TechnologyBaotou 014010Inner MongoliaChina Key Laboratory of Integrated Exploitation of Bayan Obo Multi-Metal Resource Inner Mongolia University of Science and TechnologyBaotou 014010Inner MongoliaChina Inner Mongolia North Heavy Industries Group Co. Ltd.Baotou 014010Inner MongoliaChina Inner Mongolia Metal Material Research Institute Baotou 014010Inner MongoliaChina

The influence of solute Ce,Mn,and Si on the mechanical properties of silicon steel was investigated by first-principles ***,Mn,and Si can all be solubilized in Fe *** significantly reduces the incompressibility and rigidity of the system but also significantly improves the toughness and *** effect of Mn on mechanical properties of the system is not *** has a significant effect on the improvement in incompressibility and rigidity but a limited effect on the improvement in toughness and *** metallic bond strength of Fe-Ce,Fe-Mn,and Fe-Si doped systems is weaker than that of the pure Fe system,which can be used to explain the reduction in the incompressibility and rigidity of these doped *** relatively high electron cloud density in the doped system may be responsible for the increase in toughness.

关键词： Silicon steel Rare earth First-principles calculation Elastic modulus Electronic structure

Mice with type I interferon signaling deficiency are prone to epilepsy upon HSV-1 infection

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Virologica Sinica 2024年第2期39卷 251-263页

作者： Wei yang chong-yang Tang Dong-Ying Fan Yi-Song Wang Pei-Gang Wang Jing An Guo-Ming Luan Beijing Key Laboratory of Epilepsy Sanbo Brain HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing100093China Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders Capital Medical UniversityBeijing100093China Department of Neurosurgery Epilepsy CenterSanbo Brain HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing100093China Department of Microbiology School of Basic Medical SciencesCapital Medical UniversityBeijing100069China Chinese Institute for Brain Research Beijing102206China

Viral encephalitis continues to be a significant public health *** our previous study,we discovered a lower expression of antiviral factors,such as IFN-β,STING and IFI16,in the brain tissues of patients with Rasmussen's encephalitis(RE),a rare chronic neurological disorder often occurred in children,characterized by unihemispheric brain ***,a higher cumulative viral score of human herpes viruses(HHVs)was also found to have a significant positive correlation with the unihemispheric atrophy in *** I IFNs(IFN-I)signaling is essential for innate anti-infection response by binding to IFN-α/βreceptor(IFNAR).In this study,we infected WT mice and IFNAR-deficient A6 mice with herpes simplex virus 1(HSV-1)via periocular injection to investigate the relationship between IFN-I signaling and HHVs-induced brain *** all mice exhibited typical viral encephalitis lesions in their brains,HSV-induced epilepsy was only observed in A6 *** gene expression matrix,functional enrichment analysis and protein-protein interaction network revealed four gene models that were positively related with HSV-induced ***,ten key genes with the highest scores were *** together,these findings indicate that intact IFN-I signaling can effectively limit HHVs induced neural symptoms and brain lesions,thereby confirming the positive correlation between IFN-I signaling repression and brain atrophy in RE and other HHVs encephalitis.

关键词： IFN-I signaling Human herpes viruses(HHVs) Rasmussen's encephalitis(RE)