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The emerging tumor microbe microenvironment: From delineation to multidisciplinary approach-based interventions

Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2024年第4期14卷 1560-1591页

作者： Yu Fu Jia Li Wenyun cai Yulan Huang Xinlong Liu Zhongyi Ma Zhongjie Tang Xufei Bian Ji Zheng Jiayun Jiang chong Li Medical Research Institute College of Pharmaceutical SciencesSouthwest UniversityChongqing 400715China Institute of Hepatobiliary Surgery Southwest HospitalThird Military Medical University(Army Medical University)Chongqing 400038China Department of Urology Urologic Surgery CenterXinqiao HospitalThird Military Medical University(Army Medical University)Chongqing 400037China

Intratumoral microbiota has become research hotspots,and emerges as a non-negligent new component of tumor microenvironments(TME),due to its powerful infuence on tumor initiation,metas-tasis,immunosurveillance and prognosis despite in low-biomass.The accumulations of microbes,and their related components and metabolites within tumor tissues,endow TME with additional pluralistic features which are distinct from the conventional one.Therefore,it's definitely necessary to comprehen-sively delineate the sophisticated landscapes of tumor microbe microenvironment,as well as their func-tions and related underlying mechanisms.Herein,in this review,we focused on the fields of tumor microbe microenvironment,including the heterogeneity of intratumor microbiota in different types of tu-mors,the controversial roles of intratumoral microbiota,the basic features of tumor microbe microenvi-ronment(i.e.,pathogen-associated molecular patterns(PAMPs),typical microbial metabolites,autophagy,infammation,multi-faceted immunomodulation and chemoresistance),as well as the multi-disciplinary approach-based intervention of tumor microbiome for cancer therapy by applying wild-type or engineered live microbes,microbiota metabolites,antibiotics,synthetic biology and rationally de-signed biomaterials.We hope our work will provide valuable insight to deeply understand the interplay of cancer-immune-microbial,and facilitate the development of microbes-based tumor-specific treatments.

关键词： Tumor microbe microenvironment Microbiota metabolites Immunomodulation Chemoresistance Multidisciplinary approach Genetically engineered microbiota Autophagy Outer membrane vesicles

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Prognostic value of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio in end-stage liver disease:A meta-analysis

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World Journal of Hepatology 2024年第3期16卷 477-489页

作者： Xiang-Hao cai Yun-Ming Tang Shu-Ru Chen Jia-Hui Pang Yu-Tian chong Hong Cao Xin-Hua Li Department of Infectious Disease Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510630Guangdong ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio(NLR)is commonly utilized as a prognostic indicator in end-stage liver disease(ESLD),encompassing conditions like liver failure and decompensated cirrhosis.Nevertheless,some studies have contested the prognostic value of NLR in ESLD.AIM To investigate the ability of NLR to predict ESLD.METHODS Databases,such as Embase,PubMed,Web of Science,Cochrane Library,China National Knowledge Infrastructure,Weipu,and Wanfang,were comprehensively searched to identify studies published before October 2022 assessing the prognostic ability of NLR to predict mortality in patients with ESLD.Effect sizes were calculated using comprehensive meta-analysis software and SATAT 15.1.RESULTS A total of thirty studies involving patients with end-stage liver disease(ESLD)were included in the evaluation.Among the pooled results of eight studies,it was observed that the Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio(NLR)was significantly higher in non-survivors compared to survivors(random-effects model:standardized mean difference=1.02,95%confidence interval=0.67-1.37).Additionally,twenty-seven studies examined the associations between NLR and mortality in ESLD patients,reporting either hazard ratios(HR)or odds ratios(OR).The combined findings indicated a link between NLR and ESLD mortality(randomeffects model;univariate HR=1.07,95%CI=1.05-1.09;multivariate HR=1.07,95%CI=1.07-1.09;univariate OR=1.29,95%CI=1.18-1.39;multivariate OR=1.29,95%CI=1.09-1.49).Furthermore,subgroup and meta-regression analyses revealed regional variations in the impact of NLR on ESLD mortality,with Asian studies demonstrating a more pronounced effect.CONCLUSION Increased NLR in patients with ESLD is associated with a higher risk of mortality,particularly in Asian patients.NLR is a useful prognostic biomarker in patients with ESLD.

关键词： Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio End stage liver diseases Prognosis Meta-analysis Mortality

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Molecular phylogenetic relationships based on mitochondrial genomes of novel deep-sea corals(Octocorallia:Alcyonacea):Insights into slow evolution and adaptation to extreme deep-sea environments

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Zoological Research 2024年第1期45卷 215-225页

作者： Zhan-Fei Wei Kai-Wen Ta Nan-Nan Zhang Shan-Shan Liu Liang Meng Kai-Qiang Liu chong-Yang cai Xiao-Tong Peng Chang-Wei Shao National Key Laboratory of Mariculture Biobreeding and Sustainable Goods Yellow Sea Fisheries Research InstituteChinese Academy of Fishery SciencesQingdaoShandong 266071China BGI-Qingdao BGI-ShenzhenQingdaoShandong 266555China Institute of Deep-Sea Science and Engineering Chinese Academy of SciencesSanyaHainan 572000China

A total of 10 specimens of Alcyonacea corals were collected at depths ranging from 905 m to 1633 m by the manned submersible Shenhai Yongshi during two cruises in the South China Sea(SCS).Based on mitochondrial genomic characteristics,morphological examination,and sclerite scanning electron microscopy,the samples were categorized into four suborders(Calcaxonia,Holaxonia,Scleraxonia,and Stolonifera),and identified as 9 possible new cold-water coral species.Assessments of GC-skew dissimilarity,phylogenetic distance,and average nucleotide identity(ANI)revealed a slow evolutionary rate for the octocoral mitochondrial sequences.The nonsynonymous(Ka)to synonymous(Ks)substitution ratio(Ka/Ks)suggested that the 14 protein-coding genes(PCGs)were under purifying selection,likely due to specific deep-sea environmental pressures.Correlation analysis of the median Ka/Ks values of five gene families and environmental factors indicated that the genes encoding cytochrome b(cyt b)and DNA mismatch repair protein(mutS)may be influenced by environmental factors in the context of deep-sea species formation.This study highlights the slow evolutionary pace and adaptive mechanisms of deep-sea corals.

关键词： Mitochondrial genome Alcyonacea Ka/Ks evolution Environmental factors

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Comparison of corrosion mechanisms of 510L low alloy steel treated by ACS and EPS techniques under various service environments

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research(International) 2024年第2期31卷 501-518页

作者： Bao-sheng Liu Peng-fei Xu Shao-hua Zhang Yan-rui Li Li-ming Mou Jia-li Li Yue-zhong Zhang Pei-mao Fu fa-cai Shi College of Materials Science and Engineering Taiyuan University of Science and TechnologyTaiyuan030024ShanxiChina College of Chemical and Biological Engineering Taiyuan University of Science and TechnologyTaiyuan030024ShanxiChina Technical Center Taiyuan Iron and Steel(Group)Co.Ltd.Taiyuan030003ShanxiChina

The corrosion mechanism of 510L low alloy steel treated by acid-cleaned surface(ACS)and eco-pickled surface(EPS)techniques in three simulated solutions(S0:atmospheric environment;S1:soil environment;S2:industrial environment)and the influence of interaction between different corrosive anions on corrosion were investigated.The results show that the total corrosion rates of samples in three simulated solutions were in order of S2>S0>S1,which is simultaneously correlated with initial corrosion dissolution processes as well as after the formation of corrosion products.HCO3−will inhibit the initial corrosion owing to the formation of films,whereas HSO3−will accelerate the dissolutions of the matrix based on the synergistic action of HSO3−and Cl−.On the other hand,there is no significant difference in corrosion rates between the samples treated by ACS and EPS techniques.The EPS technique that is safe,reusable and environmentally friendly can be further widely used in future work.

关键词： Corrosion mechanism Low alloy steel Simulated solution Surface technique Immersion time

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TRIANGLE operation,combined with adequate adjuvant chemotherapy,can improve the prognosis of pancreatic head cancer:A retrospective study

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2024年第5期16卷 1773-1786页

作者： Jia-Hao Chen Li-Yong Zhu Zhi-Wei cai Xiao Hu Abousalam Abdoulkader Ahmed Jie-Qiong Ge Xiao-Yan Tang Chun-Jing Li Yun-Long Pu chong-Yi Jiang Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan UniversityShanghai 200040China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Clinical Geriatric Medicine Fudan UniversityShanghai 200040China Department of Nursing Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan UniversityShanghai 200040China

BACKGROUND The TRIANGLE operation involves the removal of all tissues within the triangle bounded by the portal vein-superior mesenteric vein,celiac axis-common hepatic artery,and superior mesenteric artery to improve patient prognosis.Although previously promising in patients with locally advanced pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma(PDAC),data are limited regarding the long-term oncological outcomes of the TRIANGLE operation among resectable PDAC patients undergoing pancreaticoduodenectomy(PD).AIM To evaluate the safety of the TRIANGLE operation during PD and the prognosis in patients with resectable PDAC.METHODS This retrospective cohort study included patients who underwent PD for pancreatic head cancer between January 2017 and April 2023,with or without the TRIANGLE operation.Patients were divided into the PD_(TRIANGLE)and PD_(non-TRIANGLE)groups.Surgical and survival outcomes were compared between the two groups.Adequate adjuvant chemotherapy was defined as adjuvant chemotherapy≥6 months.RESULTS The PD_(TRIANGLE)and PD_(non-TRIANGLE) groups included 52 and 55 patients,respectively.There were no significant differences in the baseline characteristics or perioperative indexes between the two groups.Furthermore,the recurrence rate was lower in the PD_(TRIANGLE) group than in the PD_(non-TRIANGLE) group(48.1%vs 81.8%,Pfactors for the recurrence rate.CONCLUSION The TRIANGLE operation is safe for PDAC patients undergoing PD.Moreover,it reduces the local recurrence rate of PDAC and may improve survival in patients who receive adequate adjuvant chemotherapy.

关键词： TRIANGLE operation Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma Heidelberg triangle Adjuvant chemotherapy Prognosis Pancreaticoduodenectomy

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我国地方立法的能力构成与质量提升

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河北法学 2024年第4期42卷 2-18页

作者：宋才发广西民族大学法学院广西南宁530006

立法能力是立法者在立法过程中为实现立法目的、满足立法需求所具备的能力和能量。地方立法能力是国家治理能力的有机组成部分,地方法治扩散旨在将一地法治建设成果推向全国,民主立法、科学立法和依法立法是地方立法的根本遵循。立法需... 详细信息

立法能力是立法者在立法过程中为实现立法目的、满足立法需求所具备的能力和能量。地方立法能力是国家治理能力的有机组成部分,地方法治扩散旨在将一地法治建设成果推向全国,民主立法、科学立法和依法立法是地方立法的根本遵循。立法需求是提高地方立法质量的内在动力:提高立法技术规范是提升地方立法质量的必由之路,服务乡村治理需要是提升地方立法质量的内生动力,突出地方特色是提升地方立法质量的关键举措。法治环境是提高地方立法质量的外在机理:公众参与立法是提升地方立法质量的重要途径,以人民为中心是提升地方立法质量的根本支撑,坚持党的领导是提升地方立法质量的政治保障。

关键词：地方立法立法能力立法需求立法质量内在动力外在机理

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《宪法》是中华民族伟大复兴的中流砥柱

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云南大学学报（社会科学版） 2024年第1期23卷 133-144页

作者：宋才发广西民族大学南宁530006

《宪法》是新时代治国理政的总章程、根本法。《宪法》提供了“铸牢中华民族共同体意识”最重要的法律资源,发挥着保障民族团结进步的基础性作用,实现中华民族伟大复兴进入了不可逆转的历史进程。建成社会主义现代化强国是《宪法》规定... 详细信息

《宪法》是新时代治国理政的总章程、根本法。《宪法》提供了“铸牢中华民族共同体意识”最重要的法律资源,发挥着保障民族团结进步的基础性作用,实现中华民族伟大复兴进入了不可逆转的历史进程。建成社会主义现代化强国是《宪法》规定的根本任务,需要以中国式现代化全面推进中华民族伟大复兴。中国特色社会主义是实现中华民族伟大复兴的精神支柱,民族团结进步是政治基石,共同富裕是必由之路,精神文明是思想保障,党的领导是核心力量。需要遵循《宪法》规范探寻中华民族伟大复兴的现实路径:依据《宪法》把我国建设成为社会主义现代化强国,遵循“良法善治”推进基层社区和乡镇社会化治理,以铸牢中华民族共同体为主线推进中华民族伟大复兴,在中国式现代化建设实践中创造人类文明新形态。

关键词：宪法中华民族共同体中国式现代化中华民族伟大复兴人类文明新形态

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Interplay between microglia and environmental risk factors in Alzheimer's disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第8期19卷 1718-1727页

作者： Miaoping Zhang Chunmei Liang Xiongjin Chen Yujie cai Lili Cui Guangdong Key Laboratory of Age-Related Cardiac and Cerebral Diseases Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical UniversityZhanjiangGuangdong ProvinceChina

Alzheimer s disease,among the most common neurodegenerative disorders,is chara cterized by progressive cognitive impairment.At present,the Alzheimer’s disease main risk remains genetic ris ks,but major environmental fa ctors are increasingly shown to impact Alzheimer’s disease development and progression.Microglia,the most important brain immune cells,play a central role in Alzheimer’s disease pathogenesis and are considered environmental and lifestyle"sensors."factors like environmental pollution and modern lifestyles(e.g.,chronic stress,poor dietary habits,sleep,and circadian rhythm disorde rs)can cause neuroinflammato ry responses that lead to cognitive impairment via microglial functioning and phenotypic regulation.However,the specific mechanisms underlying interactions among these facto rs and microglia in Alzheimer’s disease are unclear.Herein,we:discuss the biological effects of air pollution,chronic stress,gut micro biota,sleep patterns,physical exercise,cigarette smoking,and caffeine consumption on microglia;consider how unhealthy lifestyle factors influence individual susceptibility to Alzheimer’s disease;and present the neuroprotective effects of a healthy lifestyle.Toward intervening and controlling these environmental risk fa ctors at an early Alzheimer’s disease stage,understanding the role of microglia in Alzheimer’s disease development,and to rgeting strategies to to rget microglia,co uld be essential to future Alzheimer’s disease treatments.

关键词： Alzheimer’s disease chronic stress environmental factor gut microbiota microglia particulate matter with diameter<2.5μm

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Tributyltin causes generational neurodevelopmental toxicity and the protective effect of folic acid in zebrafish

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第3期137卷 615-625页

作者： Haoxing cai Naying Zheng Chen Tang Yuxuan Zhang Zhenghong Zuo Chengyong He State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology School of Life SciencesFaculty of Medicine and Life SciencesXiang’an Hospital of Xiamen UniversityXiamen UniversityXiamen 361005China

Tributyltin(TBT),a common organotin environmental pollutant,may pose a threat to human development during critical early-life periods.We aimed to assess the neurodevelopmental intergenerational toxicity of early-life exposure to TBT and the protective effect of DNA methyl donor folic acid(fa).Specifically,after early-life exposure(1–21 days postfertilization,dpf)to TBT(0,1,10 and 100 ng/L),zebrafish(Danio rerio)were cultured in clean medium until sexual maturity.The exposed females were mated with unexposed males to produce embryos(F1).The F1 generation were cultured(4–120 hours post-fertilization,hpf)with and without 1 mmol/L fa.The neurotoxic effects of early-life TBT exposure for zebrafish and their offspring(F1)were significantly enhanced anxiety and reduced aggression,decreased gene expression of DNA methyltransferase in the brain and increased serotonin levels in the body.Moreover,the intergenerational neurodevelopmental toxicity,as manifested in the F1 generation,was attenuated by fa supplementation.In summary,early-life TBT exposure led to intergenerational neurodevelopmental deficits in zebrafish,and DNA methyl donors had a protective effect on F1 neurodevelopment,which can inform the prevention and treatment of intergenerational neurotoxicity due to organotin pollutants.

关键词： Tributyltin Neurodevelopment Intergeneration DNA methylation Folic acid Zebrafish

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Wearable and interactive multicolored photochromic fiber display

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第3期13卷 454-465页

作者： Pan Li Yuwei Wang Xiaoxian He Yuyang Cui Jingyu Ouyang Ju Ouyang Zicheng He Jiayu Hu Xiaojuan Liu Hang Wei Yu Wang Xiaoling Lu Qian Ji Xinyuan cai Li Liu chong Hou Ning Zhou Shaowu Pan Xiangru Wang Huamin Zhou Cheng-Wei Qiu Yan-Qing Lu Guangming Tao State Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Die&Mould Technology School of Materials Science and Engineering and Wuhan National Laboratory for OptoelectronicsHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China Key Laboratory of Vascular Aging(HUST) Ministry of EducationWuhan 430030China School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu 611731China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering National University of SingaporeSingapore 117583Singapore National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures Key Laboratory of Intelligent Optical Sensing and ManipulationCollege of Engineering and Applied Sciencesand Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced MicrostructuresNanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China School of Performing Arts Wuhan Conservatory of MusicWuhan 430060China School of Mechanical Science and Engineering Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China School of Architecture and Urban Planning Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China School of fashion Beijing Institute of Fashion TechnologyBeijing 100029China School of Optical and Electronic Information Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials College of Materials Science and EngineeringDonghua UniversityShanghai 201620China

Endowing flexible and adaptable fiber devices with light-emitting capabilities has the potential to revolutionize the current design philosophy of intelligent,wearable interactive devices.However,significant challenges remain in developing fiber devices when it comes to achieving uniform and customizable light effects while utilizing lightweight hardware.Here,we introduce a mass-produced,wearable,and interactive photochromic fiber that provides uniform multicolored light control.We designed independent waveguides inside the fiber to maintain total internal reflection of light as it traverses the fiber.The impact of excessive light leakage on the overall illuminance can be reduced by utilizing the saturable absorption effect of fluorescent materials to ensure light emission uniformity along the transmission direction.In addition,we coupled various fluorescent composite materials inside the fiber to achieve artificially controllable spectral radiation of multiple color systems in a single fiber.We prepared fibers on mass-produced kilometer-long using the thermal drawing method.The fibers can be directly integrated into daily wearable devices or clothing in various patterns and combined with other signal input components to control and display patterns as needed.This work provides a new perspective and inspiration to the existing field of fiber display interaction,paving the way for future human–machine integration.

关键词： fiber interactive colored

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