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Early Childhood Development (0 - 6 Years Old) from Healthy to Pathologic: A Review of the Literature

Open Journal of Medical Psychology 2020年第3期9卷 100-122页

作者： chkirate meriem Mammad Khaoula Chtabou Ghizlane Mdaghri Alaoui Asmaa Ahami O. T. Ahmed Clinical Neuroscience and Applied Nutrition Unit Department of Biology Faculty of Sciences Kenitra Morocco Pediatric Service 2 Children’s Hospital University Hospital Center (UHC) Ibn Sina Rabat Morocco Research Team in Congenital Anomalies Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy Mohammed V University Rabat Morocco

Early childhood development involves an appropriate global intervention concerning the different areas of development such as: physical, cognitive, language and socio-emotional [1]. Especially during the first six years of life in an adequate environment rich in exchange and interaction. We will present in this article a review of the literature concerning normal early childhood development, focus firstly in normal development’s steps, the importance of first experiences and first aid with a stable and caring attachment figure. second, we will describe the various developmental disorders, occurring during this age group which extends from birth to 6 years and based on the DSM5 classification, namely that developmental delay may concern only one aspect of development (e.g. language delay or motor delay specifically) or concern the different aspects of development (overall development delay). The dynamics of development is also important to clarify because schematically we contrast the pathologies fixed to progressive pathologies (where we find the concepts of stagnation or regression in the development of the child). We will discuss in the third chapter, the interest of early detection as well as the multiple clinical and psychometric diagnostic tools, which aim to detect any delay or disorder in order to initiate appropriate care and minimize the long-term consequences.

关键词： Early Childhood Normal Development Developmental Disorder Early Screening Remediation

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Evaluation of the Quality of the Setting up of Early Mother-Born Interactions

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Open Journal of Medical Psychology 2019年第4期8卷 66-77页

作者： G. Chtabou Khaoula Mammad M. chkirate K. Karjouh A. O. T. Ahami Unit of Clinical and Cognitive Neuroscience and Nutritional Health Department of Biology Faculty of Science Kenitra Morocco

The maternity process that has unfolded throughout the pregnancy, undergoes a turning point that occurs most of the time during the stay in diaper: place for installation of early mother-born interactions. The objective of the study is the evaluation of the quality of the establishment of early motherborn interactions as well as the effect of maternal feeling disruption on these interactions. It is a prospective study, focused on a total of 102 maternal-New-born dyads, in the unit of maternity series, at Rabat Children’s Hospital, University Hospital of Ibn Sina. It was based on a scale and an evaluation grid: the Mother-to-Infant Bonding Scale MIBQ and an evaluation grid of early mother-child interactions. The results showed that the age of the youth who is dominated at 60% (between 21 and 30 years), and that the primiparity was at 54% and 51% healthy;the correlation analysis between MIBQ and the grid shows that there is a significant correlation of average size with the emotional stability of the mother (p = 0.014 < 0.05), the quality of the attachment of the baby as his mother at the moment breastfeeding (p = 0.011 < 0.05) and the quality of the observed family context (p = 0.017 < 0.05). The installation of the mother-child relationship therefore depends on maternal capacities to recognize her place as a mother and to recognize the needs of their child, but it also depends on the child’s ability to show signs of attachment, his feelings of discomfort and pleasure.

关键词： Maternity Mother New-Born Interaction MIBQ

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