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sodium nitroprusside as a signal molecule for up-regulating membrane characteristics,antioxidant defense system to improve flax productivity under water stress

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Oil Crop science 2024年第3期9卷 160-169页

作者： N.M.Al-Ashkar b.A.bakry H.M.s.El-bassiouny M.M.s.Abdallah M.s.sadak botany Department Agricultural and Biological Research InstituteNational Research Centre33 El Bohouth Street P.O.12622DokkiGizaEgypt Field Crops Research Department Agricultural and Biological Research InstituteNational Research Centre33 El Bohouth Street P.O.12622DokkiGizaEgypt

Water stress is a critical environmental adversity that significantly impacts the growth,development,and yield of flax *** this study,flax seeds were cultivated under different water irrigation requirements(WIR)(100%,75%,and 50%)to investigate the effects of exogenously supplied nitric oxide(NO)donor sodium nitroprusside(sNP)as foliar treatments at concentrations of 0.0 mmol/L,0.5 mmol/L,1.0 mmol/L,and 2.0 mmol/*** stress led to a significant decrease in plant growth,photosynthetic pigments,yield components such as oil and total carbohydrate *** also resulted in an increase in leaf H2O2 production,lipid peroxidation levels and activities of enzymatic antioxidants including polyphenol oxidase,superoxide dismutase,and nitrate reductase ***,foliar application of sNP improved photosynthetic pigments and antioxidant defense system which mitigated the negative impact of water stress on growth and yield productivity by reducing oxidative damage caused by reactive oxygen species *** use of sNP also decreased H_(2)O_(2) accumulation levels,lipid peroxidation levels,and improved membrane *** treatment at concentration of 2 mmol/L showed superior results compared to other concentrations with extremely significant increases observed in yield characteristics such as oil content,total carbohydrate percentages,and unsaturated fatty acids to saturated fatty acids ratio.

关键词： Flax Fatty acid sodium nitroprusside Antioxidant enzymes Yield

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Advancing Evaluation of Microplastics Thresholds to Inform Water Treatment Needs and Risks

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Environment & Health 2024年第7期2卷 441-452页

作者： Omar s.Chowdhury Philip J.schmidt William b.Anderson Monica b.Emelko Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of Waterloo200 University Avenue WestWaterlooON N2L 3G1Canada

Although human health impacts of microplastics are not well understood,concern regarding chemical contaminants retained on or within them is *** water providers are increasingly asked about these risks,but strategies for evaluating them and the extent of treatment needed to manage them are currently *** can potentially induce health effects if the concentration of contaminants adsorbed to them exceeds predetermined drinking water guidelines(e.g.,Maximum Contaminant Levels).The risk posed by microplastics due to adsorbed contaminants is difficult to determine,but a worst-case scenario can be evaluated by using adsorption ***,a“Threshold Microplastics Concentration”(TMC)framework is developed to evaluate whether waterborne microplastic concentrations can potentially result in the intake of regulated contaminants on/in microplastics at levels of human health concern and identify treatment targets for managing associated health *** the TMC does not indicate an immediate health risk;it informs the need for detailed risk assessment or further treatment evaluation to ensure particle removal targets are ***,the TMC concept and framework provide an updateable,science-based screening tool to determine if there is a need for detailed risk assessment or treatment modification due to waterborne microplastics in supplies used for potable water production.

关键词： drinking water treatment chemical contaminants adsorption capacity risk management maximum contaminant level

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Comparative study between three carbonaceous nanoblades and nanodarts for antimicrobial applications

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Journal of Environmental sciences 2024年第2期136卷 594-605页

作者： Mohamed s.selim Ahmed M.Azzam Mohamed A.shenashen shimaa A.Higazy bayaumy b.Mostafa sherif A.El-safty National Institute for Materials science(NIMs) 1-2-1 SengenTsukuba-ShiIbaraki-Ken 305-0047Japan Petroleum Application Department Egyptian Petroleum Research InstituteNasr City 11727Egypt Department of Environmental Research Theodor Bilharz Research InstituteGizaEgypt

The design of nanostructured materials occupies a privileged position in the development and management of affordable and effective technology in the antibacterial ***,we discuss the antimicrobial properties of three carbonaceous nanoblades and nanodarts materials of graphene oxide(GO),reduced graphene oxide(RGO),and single-wall carbon nanotubes(sWCNTs)that have a mechano-bactericidal effect,and the ability to piercing or slicing bacterial *** demonstrate the significance of size,morphology and composition on the antibacterial activity mechanism,the designed nanomaterials have been *** minimum inhibitory concentration(MIC),standard agar well diffusion,and transmission electron microscopy were utilized to evaluate the antibacterial activity of GO,RGO,and *** on the evidence obtained,the three carbonaceous materials exhibit activity against all microbial strains tested by completely encapsulating bacterial cells and causing morphological disruption by degrading the microbial cell membrane in the order of RGO>GO>*** of the external cell wall structure and outer membrane proteins,the synthesized carbonaceous nanomaterials exhibited higher antibacterial activity against Gram-positive bacterial strains than Gram-negative and fungal *** had the lowest MIC values(0.062,0.125,and 0.25 mg/mL against ***,***,and ***,respectively),as well as minimum fungal concentrations(0.5 mg/mL for both *** and ***).At 12 hr,the cell viability values against tested microbial strains were completely *** lysis and death occurred as a result of severe membrane damage caused by microorganisms perched on RGO *** work gives an insight into the design of effective graphene-based antimicrobial materials for water treatment and remediation.

关键词： Antimicrobial properties Nanoblades Mechano-bactericidal effect RGO nanosheets Gram-positive bacteria Cell viability

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Radiative heat transfer analysis of a concave porous fin under the local thermal non-equilibrium condition:application of the clique polynomial method and physics-informed neural networks

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2024年第9期45卷 1613-1632页

作者： K.CHANDAN K.KARTHIK K.V.NAGARAJA b.C.PRAsANNAKUMARA R.s.VARUN KUMAR T.MUHAMMAD Amrita school of Artificial Intelligence Amrita Vishwa VidyapeethamBengaluru 560035KarnatakaIndia Department of studies in Mathematics Davangere UniversityDavangere 577002KarnatakaIndia Computational science Lab Amrita School of EngineeringAmrita Vishwa VidyapeethamBengaluru 560035KarnatakaIndia Department of Pure and Applied Mathematics School of Mathematical SciencesSunway UniversityPetaling Jaya 47500Malaysia Department of Mathematics College of ScienceKing Khalid UniversityAbha 61413Saudi Arabia

The heat transfer through a concave permeable fin is analyzed by the local thermal non-equilibrium(LTNE)*** governing dimensional temperature equations for the solid and fluid phases of the porous extended surface are modeled,and then are nondimensionalized by suitable dimensionless ***,the obtained nondimensional equations are solved by the clique polynomial method(CPM).The effects of several dimensionless parameters on the fin's thermal profiles are shown by graphical ***,the current study implements deep neural structures to solve physics-governed coupled equations,and the best-suited hyperparameters are attained by comparison with various network *** results of the CPM and physicsinformed neural network(PINN)exhibit good agreement,signifying that both methods effectively solve the thermal modeling problem.

关键词： heat transfer fin porous fin local thermal non-equilibrium(LTNE)model physics-informed neural network(PINN)

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An Investigation into Forced Convection of a Nanofluid Flowing in a Rectangular Microchannel under the Influence of a Magnetic Field

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Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing 2024年第2期20卷 311-323页

作者： Muataz s.Alhassan Ameer A.Alameri Andrés Alexis Ramírez-Coronel I.b.sapaev Azher M.Abed David-Juan Ramos-Huallpartupa Rahman s.Zabibah Division of Advanced Nanomaterial Technologies Scientific Research CenterAl-Ayen UniversityThi-QarIraq Department of Chemistry College of ScienceUniversity of BabylonBabylonIraq Research Group in Educational statistics National University of EducatiosnAzoguesEcuador Department Physics and Chemistry Tashkent Institute of Irrigation and Agricultural Mechanization EngineersNational Research UniversityTashkentUzbekistan Akfa University TashkentUzbekistan New Uzbekistan University TashkentUzbekistan Department of Airconditioning and Refrigeration Engineering Al-Mustaqbal University CollegeHilla51001Iraq Academic Department of Agro-Industrial Engineering and Technology Universidad Nacional JoséMaría ArguedasApurimacPerú The Islamic University NajafIraq

In line with recent studies,where it has been shown that nanoﬂuids containing graphene have a stronger capacity to boost the heat transfer coefﬁcient with respect to ordinary nanoﬂuids,experiments have been conducted using water with cobalt ferrite/graphene *** particular,a circular channel made of copper subjected to a constant heatﬂux has been *** nanoparticles are sensitive to the presence of a magneticﬁeld,different conditions have been examined,allowing both the strength and the frequency of such aﬁeld to span relatively wide ranges and assuming different concentrations of *** to theﬁndings,the addition of nanoparticles to theﬂuid causes its rotation speed to increase by a factor of two,whereas ultraviolet radiation plays a negligible *** amount of time required to attain the maximum rotation speed of the nanoﬂuid and the Nusselt number have been measured under both constant and alternating magneticﬁelds for a ferroﬂuid with a concentration of 0.5%and atﬂow Reynolds number of 550 and 1750.

关键词： Nano fluid rectengular tube magnetic field

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Physiological and perceptual responses to sprint interval exercise using arm versus leg cycling ergometry

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sports Medicine and Health science 2024年第4期6卷 385-393页

作者： Todd A.Astorino shealin Pierce Madisen b.Piva Richard s.Metcalfe Niels b.J.Vollaard Department of Kinesiology CSU—San MarcosSan MarcosCAUSA Applied sports TechnologyExercise and Medicine(A-STEM)Research CenterSwansea UniversitySwanseaUK Faculty of Health sciences and sport University of StirlingStirlingUK

Increases in power output and maximal oxygen consumption(V_O2max)occur in response to sprint interval exercise(sIE),but common use of“all-out”intensities presents a barrier for many ***,lower-body sIE is not feasible for all *** compared physiological and perceptual responses to supramaximal,but“nonall-out”sIE between leg and arm cycling ***-four active adults(mean±sD age:[25±7]y;cycling VO_(2)max:[39±7]mL·kg^(-1)·min^(-1))performed incremental exercise using leg(LCE)and arm cycle ergometry(ACE)to determine VO_(2)max and maximal work capacity(Wmax).subsequently,they performed four 20 s bouts of sIE at 130% Wmax on the LCE or ACE at cadence=120-130 rev/min,with 2 min recovery between *** exchange data,heart rate(HR),blood lactate concentration(bLa),rating of perceived exertion(RPE),and affective valence were *** showed significantly lower(pbsolute mean([1.24±0.31]L·min^(-1) vs.[1.59±0.34]L·min^(-1);d=1.08)and peak VO_(2)([1.79±0.48]L·min^(-1) vs.[2.10±0.44]L·min^(-1);d=0.70)with ACE versus ***,ACE elicited significantly higher(ps.[57%±7%]VO_(2)max,d=0.63)and peak VO_(2)([88%±10%]VO_(2)max vs.[75%±10%]VO_(2)max,d?1.33).Post-exercise bLa was significantly higher([7.0±1.7]mM vs.[5.7±1.5]mM,p=0.024,d?0.83)for LCE versus *** was no significant effect of modality on RPE or affective valence(p>0.42),and lowest affective valence recorded(2.0±1.8)was considered“good to fairly good”.Data show that non“all-out”ACE elicits lower absolute but higher relative HR and VO_(2) compared to *** aversive perceptual responses could make this non-all-out modality feasible for inactive adults.

关键词： High intensity interval training Upper body exercise Peak power output Oxygen uptake blood lactate concentration

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Excellent photoluminescence and electrochemical properties of sm^(3+) doped Ca_(2)Mgsi_(2)O_(7) nanophosphor:Display and electrochemical sensor applications

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第6期42卷 1046-1055,I0002页

作者： R.b.basavaraj K.sureshkumar D.P.Aarti M.b.Madhusudana Reddy G.Nagaraju T.Ramakrishnappa G.R.Navyashree K.R.Venkatesha babu K.s.Hemalatha Department of Physics BMS Institute of Technology and ManagementBangalore560064India Department of Chemistry BMS Institute of Technology and ManagementBangalore560064India Department of Chemistry School of Applied SciencesREVA UniversityBangalore560064India Energy Materials ResearchLaboratory Department of ChemistrySiddaganga Institute of TechnologyTumakuru57203KarnatakaIndia school of Physical sciences REVA UniversityBangalore560057Indi Department of Physics Govt.Science CollegeBengaluru560001India Department of Physics Maharani Science College for WomenMaharani Cluster UniversityBengaluru560001India

A series of orange-red light emitting Ca_(2)Mgsi_(2)O_(7):sm^(3+)nanopowders were fabricated via low-cost ecofriendly green combustion technique using Aloe vera gel as *** phase purity of the samples were confirmed by the powder X-ray diffraction(PXRD)*** single-phase tetragonal structure is observed from the PXRD results with no additional impurity *** band gap energy of the fabricated powders was estimated by diffuse reflectance spectra(DRs)and is found to be in the range of 4.01-5.98 eV.A high resolution scanning electron microscope(sEM)was used to study the morphological behaviour of the ***-like structures are observed from the sEM *** particle size was evaluated by transmission electron microscopy(TEM)and is found to be~50 *** interplanar distance is found to be 0.53 *** properties were systematically studied in *** phosphors are successfully excited at 403 nm NUV light,producing reddish-orange characteristic *** emission peaks are centered at 558(^(4)G_(5/2)→^(6)H_(5/2)),607(^(4)G_(5/2)→^(6)H_(7/2))and 645 nm(^(4)G_(5/2)→^(6)H_(9/2)),*** the observed peaks the red emanation(^(4)G_(5/2)→^(6)H_(7/2))is stronger than the orange emission(^(4)G_(5/2)→^(6)H_(5/2))in the current *** photoluminescent concentration quenching is noticed above 5 mol%sm^(3+)ion doping *** dipole-dipole interaction resulting in cross relaxation is found to be the principal cause of concentration quenching *** color features such as Commission Internationale de I’Eclairage(CIE)and correlated color temperature(CCT)were studied in *** optimized chromaticity coordinates were estimated to be(0.6363,0.3632),which fall in the reddish-orange *** average CCT value obtained is 3362 *** average color purity is found to be~82%.sm^(3+)incorporated Ca_(2)Mgsi_(2)O_(7) samples are possible contender for single white light generation commercial candidates owing to

关键词： Green combustion Photoluminescence Orange-red emission Color purity sensors Rare earths

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Ion heat transport in electron cyclotron resonance heated L-mode plasma on the T-10 tokamak

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Plasma science and Technology 2024年第4期26卷 52-60页

作者： V.A.KRUPIN M.R.NURGALIEV A.R.NEMETs I.A.ZEMTsOV s.D.sUNTsOV T.b.MYALTON D.s.sERGEEV N.A.sOLOVEV D.V.sARYCHEV D.V.RYJAKOV s.N.TUGARINOV N.N.NAUMENKO National Research Centre“Kurchatov Institute” Moscow 123182Russia bauman Moscow state Technical University Moscow 105005Russia Institution“Project Center ITER” Moscow 123098Russia JsC“sOLAR” Minsk 220034Belarus

Anomalous ion heat transport is analyzed in the T-10 tokamak plasma heated with electron cyclotron resonance heating(ECRH) in second-harmonic extra-ordinary mode. Predictive modeling with empirical scaling for Ohmical heat conductivity shows that in ECRH plasmas the calculated ion temperature could be overestimated, so an increase of anomalous ion heat transport is required. To study this effect two scans are presented: over the EC resonance position and over the ECRH power. The EC resonance position varies from the high-field side to the low-field side by variation of the toroidal magnetic field. The scan over the heating power is presented with on-axis and mixed ECRH regimes. Discharges with high anomalous ion heat transport are obtained in all considered regimes. In these discharges the power balance ion heat conductivity exceeds the neoclassical level by up to 10 times. The high ion heat transport regimes are distinguished by three parameters: the ratio Te/Ti, the normalized electron density gradient R/■, and the ion–ion collisionality νii~*. The combination of high Te/Ti, high νii~*, and R/■=6-10 results in values of normalized anomalous ion heat fluxes up to 10 times higher than in the low transport scenario.

关键词： tokamak L-mode electron cyclotron resonance heating ion heat transport

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Neutrophils in Atlantic salmon(salmo salar L.)are MHC class II^(+)and secret IL-12p40 upon bacterial exposure

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Aquaculture and Fisheries 2024年第2期9卷 144-153页

作者： Gyri Teien Haugland Anita Rønneseth Lene Gundersen Harald sæbøLunde Kaja Nordland Heidrun Inger Wergeland Department of biological sciences Bergen High-Technology CentreUniversity of BergenBergen5020Norway

Antigen-presentation via major histocompatibility complex(MHC)to T cells is the key event to initiate adaptive immune *** teleosts,as in mammals,the main types of professional antigen-presenting cells(APCs)are dendritic cells(DCs),monocytes/macrophages,and b *** the current study,flow cytometry,immunostaining and qPCR have been used to show that neutrophils in the teleost fish Atlantic salmon(salmo salar L.)have antigen-presenting *** neutrophils were positive for MHC class II,CD83 and CD80/86,and upon in vitro bacterial exposure,gene expression analysis of purified neutrophils showed that IL-12p40,which is essential for proliferation of naïve T cells,was highly upregulated at both 6 and 24 h post bacterial *** on presence of MHC class II and upregulation of molecules involved in antigen presentation and T cell activation,we suggest that neutrophils in Atlantic salmon have potential to function as professional *** work makes an important basis for further exploring the potential of using neutrophils to develop new,targeted immunoprophylactic measures.

关键词： Granulocytes Antigen presenting cells Major histocompatibility complex T cell activation b cells CD83 CD80/86 MHC classⅡ

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The magnetosheath at high spectral resolution

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2024年第1期8卷 234-246页

作者： K.D.Küntz D.Koutroumpa W.R.Dunn A.Foster F.s.Porter D.G.sibeck b.Walsh The Henry A.Rowland Department of Physics and Astronomy Johns Hopkins University3701 San Martin DriveBaltimoreMD21218USA NAsA Goddard space Flight Center 8800 Greenbelt RoadGreenbeltMD 20771USA LATMOs-OVsQ CNRSUVSQ Paris-SaclaySorbonne Université11 Boulevard d’Alembert78280GuyancourtFrance Department of Physics and Astronomy University College LondonLondonUK The Centre for Planetary science at UCL/birkbeck Gower StreetLondon WC1E 6BTUK Center for Astrophysics Harvard University&Smithsonian Institution60 Garden StreetCambridgeMA 02138USA Center for space Physics Boston University110 Cummington MallBostonMAUSA

While we eagerly anticipate sMILE’s(solar wind Magnetosphere Ionosphere Link Explorer)unprecedented X-ray observations of the Earth’s magnetosheath and the initiation of a new era of magnetospheric research,it seems appropriate to look ahead to the abilities of the next generation of astrophysics *** these,the Line Emission Mapper(LEM),a large aperture micro-calorimeter based mission,is currently planned to be able to observe the magnetosheath at high spectral resolution(~2 eV).With a field of view of~30′,LEM will allow higher spatial resolution and higher cadence measurement of the motion of a very small portion of the magnetopause over relatively short periods of time(multiple hours),complementing sMILE’s global ***’s strength is its spectral *** will be able to measure the abundance of a broad range of elements and ionization states,many of which are inaccessible to current in situ instruments,and will be able to separate the emission from the magnetosheath from the emission from the cosmic X-ray background using the difference in their relative velocities.

关键词： magnetosheath charge exchange solar wind abundances

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