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Quantitative and qualitative subgenomic RNA profiles of SARS-CoV-2 in respiratory samples: A comparison between Omicron BA.2 and non-VOC-D614G

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Virologica Sinica 2024年第2期39卷 218-227页

作者： Zigui Chen Rita Way Yin Ng Grace Lui Lowell Ling Agnes S.Y.Leung chit chow Siaw Shi Boon Wendy C.S.Ho Maggie Haitian Wang Renee Wan Yi Chan Albert Martin Li David Shu Cheong Hui Paul Kay Sheung Chan Department of Microbiology Faculty of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina Department of Medicine and Therapeutics Faculty of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Faculty of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina Department of Paediatrics Faculty of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology Faculty of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care Faculty of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina Stanley Ho Centre for Emerging Infectious Diseases Faculty of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina

The SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variants are notorious for their transmissibility,but little is known about their subgenomic RNA(sgRNA)*** study applied RNA-seq to delineate the quantitative and qualitative profiles of canonical sgRNA of 118 respiratory samples collected from patients infected with Omicron BA.2 and compared with 338 patients infected with non-variant of concern(non-VOC)-D614G.A unique characteristic profile depicted by the relative abundance of 9 canonical sgRNAs was reproduced by both BA.2 and non-VOCD614G regardless of host gender,age and presence of ***,such profile was lost in samples with low viral load,suggesting a potential application of sgRNA pattern to indicate viral activity of individual patient at a specific time point.A characteristic qualitative profile of canonical sgRNAs was also reproduced by both BA.2 and *** presence of a full set of canonical sgRNAs carried a coherent correlation with crude viral load(AUC¼0.91,95%CI 0.88–0.94),and sgRNA ORF7b was identified to be the best surrogate marker allowing feasible routine application in characterizing the infection status of individual *** potentials in using sgRNA as a target for vaccine and antiviral development are worth pursuing.

关键词： Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.2 Non-VOC-D614G RNA-seq Subgenomic RNA(sgRNA)

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Opportunities, Challenges, and Countermeasures of China Myanmar Economic and Trade Cooperation under the Background of RCEP

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Open Journal of Applied Sciences 2024年第4期14卷 991-1007页

作者： chit Min Htut School of Economics Guangxi University Nanning China

China and Myanmar are geographically adjacent and have close economic and trade cooperation. China has been Myanmar’s largest trading partner and largest source of investment for many consecutive years. With the official entry into force of RCEP (Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership) for Myanmar on May 1, 2022, the reduction of trade tariffs on goods and flexible rules of origin between China and Myanmar will undoubtedly bring more practical results to China Myanmar economic and trade cooperation. However, the implementation of RCEP in Myanmar may face a series of challenges such as poor business environment, weak human resource management, and outdated infrastructure construction. Finally, the article provides countermeasures for China Myanmar economic and trade cooperation from three aspects: optimizing the business environment to attract Chinese investment, increasing investment in education and training to improve labor quality, strengthening infrastructure construction to enhance economic support.

关键词： RCEP Myanmar Opportunities Challenges Countermeasures

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Pharmacological Investigation on the Qi-Invigorating Action of Schisandrin B: Effects on Mitochondrial ATP Generation in Multiple Tissues and Innate/Adaptive Immunity in Mice

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Chinese Medicine 2024年第2期15卷 15-26页

作者： Hoi Yan Leung Suen chit Sze Kam Ming Ko Division of Life Science Hong Kong University of Science & Technology Hong Kong SAR China

Schisandrae Fructus, containing schisandrin B (Sch B) as its main active component, is recognized in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) for its Qi-invigorating properties in the five visceral organs. Our laboratory has shown that the Qi-invigorating action of Chinese tonifying herbs is linked to increased mitochondrial ATP generation and an enhancement in mitochondrial glutathione redox status. To explore whether Sch B can exert Qi-invigorating actions across various tissues, we investigated the effects of Sch B treatment on mitochondrial ATP generation and glutathione redox status in multiple mouse tissues ex vivo. In line with TCM theory, which posits that Zheng Qi generation relies on the Qi function of the visceral organs, we also examined Sch B’s impact on natural killer cell activity and antigen-induced splenocyte proliferation, both serving as indirect measures of Zheng Qi. Our findings revealed that Sch B treatment consistently enhanced mitochondrial ATP generation and improved mitochondrial glutathione redox status in mouse tissues. This boost in mitochondrial function was associated with stimulated innate and adaptive immune responses, marked by increased natural killer cell activity and antigen-induced T/B cell proliferation, potentially through the increased generation of Zheng Qi.

关键词： Zheng Qi Schisandrin B Mitochondria ATP Generation Glutathione Redox Innate Immunity Adaptive Immunity Natural Killer Cell Activity Splenocyte Proliferation

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Sungai Lembing’s green tourism: Pioneering the future of resourcebased urban renewal

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The Innovation 2024年第3期5卷 19-20页

作者： Haoxuan Yu Ginura Gunaratna Izni Zahidi chow Ming Fai Department of Civil Engineering School of EngineeringMonash University MalaysiaBandar SunwaySelangor 47500Malaysia

HOW DID SUNGAI LEMBING PAVE ITS PATH TO A GREEN EVOLUTION?Sungai Lembing,a resource-based town situated in Pahang,Malaysia,has historically positioned itself as a pivotal hub in the global tin mining ***,Sungai Lembing’s history dates back to the Paleozoic and Mesozoic *** eras were marked by the closure of the Tethyan Ocean and the convergence of continental landmasses from the eastern part of the Gondwana *** complex geological background resulted in a wide variety of mineral resources.

关键词： situated eastern Pioneer

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Synthesis,Structures,and Chiroptical Properties of NBN-Doped Helicenes with Boron Atoms in the Inner Rims

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Precision Chemistry 2024年第1期2卷 28-39页

作者： Weiwen Zhuang Yujian Liu Ziqi Deng Yu Guo Philip C.Y.chow David Lee Phillips Wei Jiang Zhaohui Wang Junzhi Liu State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials and Department of ChemistryThe University of Hong KongPokfulamHong KongChina Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering Department of ChemistryTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Department of Mechanical Engineering The University of Hong KongPokfulamHong KongChina

The precise synthesis of helicenes with topologically defined length and specific heteroatomic perturbation in the screw-like conjugated skeletons plays an emerging role in the manipulation of chiral ***,selective,and programmable routes to helicenes or heterohelicenes are highly desirable yet challenging for structure-chiroptical property relationship ***,we report the synthesis and characterization of NBN-doped helicenes with boron atoms in the inner rims,enabled by the highly regioselective one-pot borylation of rationally designed precursors with,namely,fold-in or pan-out *** incorporation of nonbonded boron and nitrogen atoms resulted in narrow-band emission and improved optical properties for the single-stranded carbon *** addition,numbers and arrangement modes of fused six-membered rings have distinct effects on configurational stability and chiroptical properties,revealing that BN-[6]H with strong circular dichroism is a promising candidate for chiral *** combination of experimental and theoretical studies on these helical structures might provide insights into the design of helically chiral small-molecule-based sensors or emitters.

关键词： Nitrogen-boron Helicenes Borylation Chiroptical properties Narrow-band emission

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变废为宝:“蓝色循环”海洋塑料废物管理新策略

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Science Bulletin 2024年第8期69卷 993-996页

作者：余灏轩 Izni Zahidi chow Ming Fai 梁东方 DagØivind Madsen Department of Civil Engineering School of EngineeringMonash University MalaysiaBandar Sunway 47500Malaysia Monash Climate-Resilient Infrastructure Research Hub(M-CRInfra) School of EngineeringMonash University MalaysiaBandar Sunway 47500Malaysia Department of Engineering University of CambridgeCambridge CB21PZUK Davis School of Business Colorado Mesa UniversityGrand Junction 81501-3122USA

The"Blue Circle"vision,initiated by Zhejiang Province in China,represents a groundbreaking advancement in addressing marine plastic *** more than just an innovative concept,it embodies a future-forward approach to managing marine plastic waste,revealing the untapped potential in what was previously considered mere *** initiative,marrying scientific innovation with advanced technology,has been rightfully acknowledged with the prestigious2023 United Nations"Champions of the Earth"award,recognizing its innovative strategy in environmental stewardship(https://***/a/202310/31/***).

关键词： breaking debris initiated

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Drosophila adhesion GPCR Remoulade regulates axon growth, branching, and guidance by modulating Rac1 GTPase

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2024年第4期51卷 458-461页

作者： Xi Yang Changkun Pan Meitong Ye Jinshuo Liang Haoyang Cheng Qing Liang Shu Huang Jianshu Wang Hoi Yee chow Haihuai He Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuan 610041China National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuan 610041China Department of Neurosurgery Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of BiotherapyWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuan 610041China

The assembly of neurons into complex circuits relies upon appropriate axonal navigation to distant *** considerable progress has been made toward understanding the regulation of the guidance and branching of axon extension,the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying the coordination of the motility of the axon tip,axon growth,and branching remain largely unknown(Sudhof,2017).The Drosophila mushroom body(MB),the major site for associative learning and memory,is a powerful model system to investigate complex axon *** MB is a bilaterally symmetric central brain structure,mainly composed of Kenyon cells,MB output neurons,and dopaminergic neurons(Li et al.,2020).Among the seven neuronal subtypes of~2000 Kenyon cells,Y,a/β,and a/β'subtypes extend axons in a fascicle and bifurcate to produce two sister branches,one projecting into the dorsal lobe and the other into the medial lobe.

关键词： branching medial axon

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ChatGPT智能处理器使用我们的语言吗?

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哲学分析 2024年第04期15卷 3-16+196页

作者：周柏乔香港公开大学中国香港

有人说ChatGPT智能处理器只会吐出话语，不(会)说话。尽管它的话有意思，而且可以被理解，但理解它的话真的在于挖掘它的“心思”或“心意”吗?假定与其对话的自然人都认为ChatGPT没有“心思”或“心意”，却发现对话有意思，起码有助... 详细信息

有人说ChatGPT智能处理器只会吐出话语，不(会)说话。尽管它的话有意思，而且可以被理解，但理解它的话真的在于挖掘它的“心思”或“心意”吗?假定与其对话的自然人都认为ChatGPT没有“心思”或“心意”，却发现对话有意思，起码有助于一般人通过ChatGPT的话语进一步认识自己的“心思”或“心意”，这是否意味着 ChatGPT是个语言使用者，和人类的语言使用者一样，可通过与人们的对话帮助自然人认识自己的想法?如果是这样，就会出现矛盾：它不(会)说话却成为语言使用者。借用蒯因的翻译理论、戴维森的诠释理论以及维特根斯坦的后期论述，可以说明自然人有哪些语言本领，AI工程当予以实现，ChatGPT智能处理器方可媲美自然人的语言使用能力。

关键词： ChatGPT 蒯因戴维森维特根斯坦

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Prevalence and risk factors for impaired renal function among Asian patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2024年第3期23卷 241-248页

作者： Chao Sun George Boon-Bee Goh Wan-Cheng chow Wah-Kheong Chan Grace Lai-Hung Wong Wai-Kay Seto Yi-Hsiang Huang Han-Chieh Lin I-Cheng Lee Hye Won Lee Seung Up Kim Vincent Wai-Sun Wong Jian-Gao Fan Center for Fatty Liver Disease Department of GastroenterologyXinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai Key Lab of Pediatric Gastroenterology and NutritionShanghai 200092China Department of Gastroenterology&Hepatology Singapore General HospitalSingaporeSingapore Gastroenterology and Hepatology Unit Department of MedicineFaculty of MedicineUniversity of MalayaKuala LumpurMalaysia Department of Medicine and Therapeutics and State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease The Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina Department of Medicine The University of Hong KongHong KongChina Institute of Clinical Medicine National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University School of MedicineTaipeiTaiwanChina Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Taipei Veterans General HospitalTaipeiTaiwanChina Faculty of Medicine National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University School of MedicineTaipeiTaiwanChina Department of Internal Medicine Yonsei University College of MedicineSeoulKorea

Background:Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)is associated with impaired renal function,and both diseases often occur alongside other metabolic ***,the prevalence and risk factors for impaired renal function in patients with NAFLD remain *** objective of this study was to identify the prevalence and risk factors for renal impairment in NAFLD ***:All adults aged 18-70 years with ultrasound-diagnosed NAFLD and transient elastography examination from eight Asian centers were enrolled in this prospective *** fibrosis and cirrhosis were assessed by FibroScan-aspartate aminotransferase(FAST),Agile 3+and Agile 4 *** renal function and chronic kidney disease(CKD)were defined by an estimated glomerular filtration rate(eGFR)with value of<90 mL/min/1.73 m^(2) and<60 mL/min/1.73 m^(2),respectively,as estimated by the CKD-Epidemiology Collaboration(CKD-EPI)***:Among 529 included NAFLD patients,the prevalence rates of impaired renal function and CKD were 37.4%and 4.9%,*** multivariate analysis,a moderate-high risk of advanced liver fibrosis and cirrhosis according to Agile 3+and Agile 4 scores were independent risk factors for CKD(P<0.05).Furthermore,increased fasting plasma glucose(FPG)and blood pressure were significantly associated with impaired renal function after controlling for the other components of metabolic syndrome(P<0.05).Compared with patients with normoglycemia,those with prediabetes[FPG≥5.6 mmol/L or hemoglobin A1c(HbA1c)≥5.7%]were more likely to have impaired renal function(P<0.05).Conclusions:Agile 3+and Agile 4 are reliable for identifying NAFLD patients with high risk of *** glycemic control in the prediabetic stage might have a potential renoprotective role in these patients.

关键词： Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease Impaired renal function Agile 3+ Agile 4 Metabolic syndrome

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Congophilic fibrils in the glomeruli with polyclonal immunoglobulin gamma staining-another cause for diagnostic overlap:A case report

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第17期12卷 3200-3205页

作者： Maria Bernadette Che-Ying chow Lucas Bushrow Irmeen Siddiqui April Chiu Mirza Hamirani Anjali A Satoskar Department of Pathology The Ohio State University Medical CenterColumbusOH 43210United States Department of Pathology North District HospitalSheung ShuiHong KongChina Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology Mayo ClinicRochesterMN 55905United States Department of Internal Medicine S.Joseph's HospitalParkersburgWV 26101United States

BACKGROUND Glomerulopathy with fibrillary deposits is not uncommon in routine nephropathology practice,with amyloidosis and fibrillary glomerulonephritis being the two most frequently encountered *** amyloid heavy and light chain(AHL)is relatively uncommon and its biopsy diagnosis is usually limited to cases that show strong equivalent staining for a single immunoglobulin(Ig)heavy chain and a single light chain,further supported by mass spectrometry(MS)and serum studies for monoclonal *** polyclonal light chain staining can pose a *** SUMMARY Herein we present a challenging case of renal AHL with polyclonal and polytypic Ig gamma(IgG)staining pattern by *** patient is a 62-yearold Caucasian male who presented to an outside institution with a serum creatinine of up to 8.1 mg/dL and nephrotic range *** the finding of a polyclonal and polytypic staining pattern on immunofluorescence,ultrastructural study of the renal biopsy demonstrated the presence of fibrils with a mean diameter of 10 *** red was positive while DNAJB9 was *** suggested a diagnosis of amyloid AHL type with IgG and lambda,but kappa light chains were also present supporting the immunofluorescence staining *** immunofixation studies demonstrated IgG lambda monoclonal *** patient was started on *** chronic renal injury however was quite advanced and he ended up needing dialysis shortly *** Tissue diagnosis of AHL amyloid can be *** confirmation using other available diagnostic techniques is recommended in such cases.

关键词： Heavy and light chain amyloid Fibrillary glomerulonephritis DNAJB9 Serum immunofixation Protein electrophoresis Mass spectrometry Congo red Case report

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