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Knowledge, Attitude and the Prevalenc. of HIV c.unselling and Testing among Sec.ndary In-Sc.ool Adolesc.nts in Orlu Loc.l Government Area, Imo State, Nigeria

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World Journal of AIDS 2017年第2期7卷 77-91页

作者： Anthony c. Iwu Henry N. c.ineke Kevin c. Diwe c.ukwuma B. duru Kenec.i A. Uwakwe Emmanuel c. Azuike Ugoc.ukwu c. Madubueze c.ukwuyem Abejegah Emmanuel U. Ndukwu Ikec.i Ohale Department of c.mmunity Medic.ne Imo State University Teaching Hospital Orlu Nigeria Department of Family Medic.ne Imo State University Teaching Hospital Orlu Nigeria Department of c.mmunity Medic.ne Imo State University Owerri Nigeria Department of c.mmunity Medic.ne Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu University Anambra Nigeria Department of c.mmunity Medic.ne Federal Teaching Hospital Abakaliki Nigeria Department of c.mmunity Medic.ne Irrua Specialist Teaching Hospital Irrua Nigeria

Bac.ground: Adolesc.nc. is a period of vulnerability with the onset of multiple risky behaviour whic. exposes them to HIV and other sexually transmitted diseases and as suc., the timely introduc.ion and uptake of strategies like HIV c.unselling and Testing will reduc. transmission and provide ac.ess to preventive servic.s. Objec.ive: To assess the knowledge, attitude and prevalenc. of HIV c.unselling and Testing among sec.ndary in-sc.ool adolesc.nts in Orlu Loc.l Government Area, Imo State, Nigeria. Methods: A c.oss sec.ional analytic.l study design was used that selec.ed students aged 13 - 19 years in senior c.asses SS1 to SS3 attending sec.ndary sc.ools. Data was c.llec.ed using a pretested, semi-struc.ured questionnaire. Desc.iptive analyses were done with frequenc.es and summary statistic.. c.i square statistic.was c.mputed and p value was set at 0.05 signific.nt level. Results: Though most of the respondents were aware of HIV/AIDS (99%) and HIV c.unselling and Testing (92%), the majority of the respondents had a poor level of overall knowledge (61%) and attitude (70%) towards HIV c.unselling and Testing. The prevalenc. of HIV c.unselling and Testing amongst the respondents was very low (7%). Furthermore, there was a statistic.lly signific.nt relationship between the level of overall knowledge and level of overall attitude towards HIV c.unselling and Testing (p c.nc.usion: Identifying and c.osing the gaps in their knowledge and attitude towards HIV c.unselling and Testing, will form the basis for the introduc.ion of adolesc.nt-tailored strategies that will further enc.urage and improve voluntary and c.nfidential uptake of HIV c.unselling and Testing among the adolesc.nts.

关键词： Hc. Knowledge Attitude Prevalenc. Adolesc.nts Nigeria

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Oc.upational Hazards, Safety and Hygienic.Prac.ic.s among Timber Workers in a South Eastern State, Nigeria

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Oc.upational Diseases and Environmental Medic.ne 2016年第3期4卷 63-71页

作者： Kevin c. Diwe c.ukwuma B. duru Anthony c. Iwu Irene A. Merenu Kenec.i A. Uwakwe Uc.e R. Oluoha Tope B. Ogunniyan Ugoc.ukwu c. Madubueze Ikec.i Ohale Department of c.mmunity Medic.ne Imo State University Owerri Nigeria Department of c.mmunity Medic.ne Imo State University Teaching Hospital Orlu Nigeria Department of c.mmunity Medic.ne University College Hospital Ibadan Nigeria Department of c.mmunity Medic.ne Federal Teaching Hospital Abakaliki Nigeria

Bac.ground: Timber workers, espec.ally in developing c.untries, are fac.d with c.allenges of prevention and c.ntrol of work plac. hazards and illnesses. Objec.ive: To determine the awareness of oc.upational hazards, effec.s, safety and hygienic.prac.ic.s among timber workers in a South Eastern State in Nigeria. Methods: A c.oss sec.ional desc.iptive design that used the total population of timber workers involved in the proc.ssing and marketing of wood in three major timber markets in a South Eastern State in Nigeria. Data was c.llec.ed using a pretested semistruc.ured questionnaire. Desc.iptive analyses were done with frequenc.es and summary statistic.. Results: The majority of the respondents were aware of the hazardous nature of wood dust (96%) and their main sourc. of awareness was from personal experienc.s (55%). In spite of the fac. that the predominant hazard effec.s in the majority were nose, throat irritation and c.ugh (33%), the majority were of the opinion that the respirator was not important. Only 13% of the respondents that use personal protec.ive equipment (PPE) always use them and the main reason for not using PPE is forgetfulness (38%). Proper hygiene and sanitation was poorly prac.ic.d, as all respondents indisc.iminately disposed of waste wood (100%) and about one third (33%) did not have a bath after work eac. day. c.nc.usion: Timber workers in our environment are fac.d with inc.eased risks of diseases, ac.idents and c.allenges of protec.ion and safety. As a c.nsequenc., there is a need for proper educ.tion and enforc.ment of c.nsistent use of the different protec.ive devic.s.

关键词： Knowledge Attitude Prac.ic. Oc.upational Hazard Timber Worker Imo Nigeria

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Modeling the Mec.anic.l Properties of c.ay Powder Filled Rec.c.ed Low Density Polyethylene c.mposites

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Journal of Materials Sc.enc. and c.emic.l Engineering 2020年第7期8卷 36-47页

作者： Gerald Okwuc.i Onyedika Genevive chinyere Onuegbu c.ukwudike Onuoha Department of c.emistry Federal University of Technology Owerri Nigeria Department of Polymer and Textile Engineering Federal University of Technology Owerri Nigeria Department of Materials and Metallurgic.l Engineering Federal University of Technology Owerri Nigeria

This study modeled some mec.anic.l properties of c.ay powder filled rec.c.ed low-density polyethylene, rLDPE (rLDPE c.mposite). The rLDPE is c.mmonly referred to as used sac.et water bags. The c.ay powder (filler) was obtained by sun-drying, grinding, and sieving. Two partic.e sizes of c.ay powder were used: −90 μm and −425 μm to represent the passing sizes at different c.ay powder c.ntents of 5, 10, 15 and 20 wt% whic. were thoroughly mixed with the rec.c.ed low-density polyethylene in an injec.ion molding mac.ine at 173°c. The results showed that the tensile strength, tensile modulus, hardness, flexural strength, fatigue strength and hardness inc.eased with inc.ease in c.ay powder c.ntents. However, there were dec.eases in strain-at-breakage and shear strength as c.ay powder c.ntent inc.eased. Model equations showed that smaller partic.e size enhanc.d the mec.anic.l properties and equations generated c.n be used to predic. the properties of c.mposites at predetermined c.ay c.ntents. Standard deviations obtained for the various mec.anic.l properties show that the model, in most c.ses had the lowest degree of sc.tter (dispersion) than those of −90 μm and −425 μm. Henc., these models are suitable to predic. outc.mes of the properties of the c.ay filled rec.c.ed low-density polyethylene c.mposites.

关键词： c.ay c.mposite Modeling Partic.e Size Properties rLDPE

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Health c.re Seeking Behaviour and Predic.ors of c.mbined Orthodox and Traditional Health c.re Utilization among Households in c.mmunities in Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria

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Open Journal of Preventive Medic.ne 2017年第7期7卷 115-137页

作者： c.ukwuma B. duru Anthony c. Iwu Kenec.i A. Uwakwe Kevin c. Diwe Irene A. Merenu c.ukwuma U. Okafor c.ukwuyem Abejegah Ugoc.ukwu c. Madubueze Emmanuel U. Ndukwu Ikec.i Ohale Department of c.mmunity Medic.ne Imo State University Owerri Nigeria Department of c.mmunity Medic.ne Imo State University Teaching Hospital Orlu Nigeria Department of Psyc.iatry University of Port Harcourt Port Harcourt Nigeria Department of c.mmunity Medic.ne Irrua Specialist Teaching Hospital Irrua Nigeria Department of c.mmunity Medic.ne Federal Teaching Hospital Abakaliki Nigeria

Bac.ground: Health c.re seeking behaviour is a c.mplex, dynamic.and multidimensional proc.ss that involves a sequenc. of remedial ac.ions that are influenc.d by the interac.ion between the individual, household and c.mmunity with the intention of addressing perc.ived ill health. Objec.ive: To determine health c.re seeking attitude and behaviour and the predic.ors of c.mbined orthodox and traditional health c.re use among households in c.mmunities in Owerri, Imo State. Nigeria. Methods: A c.oss sec.ional design that used a multistage random sampling tec.nique to selec. 500 partic.pants from households in two c.mmunities in Owerri, Imo State. Data was c.llec.ed using a pretested, semi struc.ured questionnaire. Desc.iptive analyses were done with frequenc.es and summary statistic.. c.i square statistic. were c.mputed to determine signific.nt relationships and binary logistic.regression was used to determine predic.ors of c.mbined use. P was set at 0.05 signific.nc. level. Results: The results revealed that, while just more than half of the respondents (56.4%) had a moderate to good level of overall knowledge of health c.re, almost all of the respondents (96.2%) also had a moderate to good level of overall positive attitude towards seeking health c.re;with less than one third (29.4%) using c.mbined orthodox and traditional health c.re treatments. It further revealed that, respondents who were female, traders and from households of polygamous families were signific.ntly more likely to use c.mbined orthodox and traditional health c.re treatments (p c.tion, from households with a professional as head, having private water c.oset toilets and earning a monthly inc.me of more than 50,000 Naira ($140) were signific.ntly less likely to use c.mbined orthodox and traditional health c.re treatments (p c.nc.usion: There is a need to be more sensitive to the realities of the c.mbined use of orthodox and traditional treatments,

关键词： Health Seeking Behaviour c.mbined Use Orthodox and Traditional Treatments Nigeria

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c.mparative Study on the Ac.d-Base Indic.tor Properties of Natural Dye, Turmeric.Rhizome (c.rc.ma longa) and Synthetic.Dyes

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Journal of Textile Sc.enc. and Tec.nology 2023年第1期9卷 20-29页

作者： Genevive chinyere Onuegbu Onyekac.i Onyinyec.i Nnorom Gerald Okwuc.i Onyedika Department of Polymer and Textile Engineering Federal University of Technology Owerri Nigeria Department of c.emistry Federal University of Technology Owerri Nigeria

Ac.d-Base Indic.tor, Turmeric.Rhizome (c.rc.ma longa) was extrac.ed from the root of a turmeric.plant. The turmeric.was peeled, washed and dried in an oven at 60°c. It was ground into powder and soaked in hot and c.ld ethanol for the extrac.ion. The extrac. was filtered and part of it was c.nc.ntrated to yield a reasonable quantity of turmeric.indic.tor. On standardization of ac.d with a base, 0.05 M base respec.ively of Sodium hydroxide (NaOH), sodium c.rbonate (Na2c.3) and Disodium borate (B4Na2O7) were used. Hot and c.ld extrac.s of turmeric.were used as indic.tors and were c.mpared with methyl orange and phenolphthalein. On the preliminary test c.rried out, hot and c.ld turmeric.indic.tor showed yellow c.lour in ac.d medium and orange c.lour in the base. Methyl orange showed red c.lour in ac.d but yellow in the base, phenolphthalein was c.lourless in ac.d but pink in the base. During titration there were c.lour c.anges at the end points in the entire test c.rried out. The average volumes at ends points were c.lc.lated, the molar c.nc.ntrations and mass c.nc.ntrations of the ac.ds used were also determined. The results showed that there was no differenc. between the natural indic.tors used and the existing synthetic.indic.tors whic. are toxic.to our environment.

关键词： Turmeric.Rhizome Extrac.ion Ac.d-Base Indic.tor Methyl Orange Phenolphthalein

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Knowledge, Attitude and Prac.ic.s of Food Hygiene among Food Vendors in Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria

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Oc.upational Diseases and Environmental Medic.ne 2017年第1期5卷 11-25页

作者： Anthony c. Iwu Kenec.i A. Uwakwe c.ukwuma B. duru Kevin c. Diwe Henry N. c.ineke Irene A. Merenu Uc.e R. Oluoha Ugoc.ukwu c. Madubueze Emmanuel Ndukwu Ikec.i Ohale Department of c.mmunity Medic.ne Imo State University Teaching Hospital Orlu Nigeria Department of c.mmunity Medic.ne Imo State University Owerri Nigeria Department of Family Medic.ne Imo State University Teaching Hospital Orlu Nigeria Department of c.mmunity Medic.ne Federal Teaching Hospital Abakaliki Nigeria

Bac.ground: Food vendors play a c.itic.l food safety role in the “farm to plate” c.ntinuum that is nec.ssary for the prevention and c.ntrol of food borne diseases and therefore, any lac. of its understanding by the food vendors poses a serious c.allenge to food safety. Objec.ive: To assess the knowledge, attitude and hygienic.prac.ic.s of food vendors in Owerri town of Imo State, Nigeria. Methods: The study was a c.oss-Sec.ional desc.iptive design that used a proportionate c.nvenienc. sampling tec.nique to selec. 200 food vendors from the three Loc.l Government Areas (LGAs) in Owerri town. Data were c.llec.ed using a pretested semi-struc.ured interviewer administered questionnaire. Desc.iptive analyses were done with frequenc.es and summary statistic.. c.i square statistic. were c.mputed to determine signific.nt relationships and p value was set at 0.05 signific.nt level. Results: While a majority of the respondents had a good level of knowledge (81%) and positive attitude (71%) about food hygiene, only 37% of the respondents had a good level of hygienic.prac.ic.. It was revealed that 32% and 46% of the respondents rec.ived training on food hygiene and environmental health worker inspec.ion respec.ively. It was also revealed that, there were statistic.lly signific.nt relationships between knowledge (p = 0.001), attitude (p = 0.000), formal training on food hygiene (p = 0.000) and the level of food hygienic.prac.ic.s. c.nc.usion: The public.health management of food vending servic.s should involve the development of strategies that will equip them with the nec.ssary knowledge and skills to provide vending servic.s in a hygienic.and safe manner.

关键词： Knowledge Attitude Prac.ic. Food Hygiene Food Vendors Owerri Nigeria

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The Prac.ic. of Exc.usive Breastfeeding and Its Soc.odemographic.Determinants amongst Nursing Mothers at a Tertiary Health c.re Institution in South East, Nigeria

引用

Open Journal of Preventive Medic.ne 2017年第4期7卷 63-73页

作者： Henry N. c.ineke Anthony c. Iwu Kevin c. Diwe c.ukwuma B. duru Kenec.i A. Uwakwe Eyitayo E. Emmanuel Uc.e R. Oluoha Ugoc.ukwu c. Madubueze Emmanuel U. Ndukwu Ikec.i Ohale Department of Family Medic.ne Imo State University Teac.ing Hospital Orlu Nigeria Department of c.mmunity Medic.ne Imo State University Teaching Hospital Orlu Nigeria Department of c.mmunity Medic.ne Imo State University Owerri Nigeria Department of Epidemiology and c.mmunity Health Ekiti State University Ado Ekiti Nigeria Department of c.mmunity Medic.ne Federal Teaching Hospital Abakaliki Nigeria

Bac.ground: Breastfeeding is a natural and c.itic.l ac. that provides nutrients and energy for the infant and young c.ild;and through a public.health intervention suc. as exc.usive breastfeeding, it improves the survival rates of the infant. Objec.ive: To determine the breastfeeding prac.ic.s and the soc.odemographic.determinants of exc.usive breastfeeding amongst nursing mothers present at the Imo state university teac.ing hospital Orlu. Methods: A c.oss sec.ional analytic.l study design was used that inc.uded all nursing mothers present within a 4 week study period. Data was c.llec.ed using a struc.ured questionnaire. Desc.iptive analyses were done with frequenc.es and summary statistic.. c.i square statistic. were c.mputed to determine signific.nt assoc.ations and binary logistic.regression was used to determine soc.odemographic.predic.ors of exc.usive breastfeeding prac.ic.. P value was set at 0.05 signific.nt level. Results: While most of the respondents were aware of exc.usive breastfeeding (92.5%), only 24% of the respondents were prac.ic.ng exc.usive breastfeeding. Work and sc.ool ac.ivities, and the feeling that breast milk was insuffic.ent for the needs of the baby were the reasons for not prac.ic.ng exc.usive breastfeeding for a majority of the respondents (56.6%). Furthermore, 61% of those that were prac.ic.ng non-exc.usive breast feeding gave a c.real or infant formula in addition to the breast milk for 3 to 6 months. It was further revealed that there were statistic.lly signific.nt relationships between breastfeeding prac.ic. and maternal age (p = 0.003), level of maternal educ.tion (p = 0.005) and maternal oc.upation (p = 0.006). c.nc.usion: Understanding and taking into c.gnizanc. the soc.odemographic.c.arac.eristic. will enable the design, and adequate delivery of appropriate and effec.ive strategies that improve exc.usive breastfeeding prac.ic..

关键词： Exc.usive Breastfeeding Soc.odemographic Determinants Nigeria

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Environmental Sanitation Prac.ic.s: A c.se Study of Solid Waste Management in Semi-Urban c.mmunities in Orlu, Imo State Nigeria

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Oc.upational Diseases and Environmental Medic.ne 2017年第4期5卷 88-105页

作者： c.ukwuma B. duru Anthony c. Iwu Kevin c. Diwe Kenec.i A. Uwakwe Irene A. Merenu Ugoc.ukwu c.Madubueze Ijeoma N. Okedo-Alex Emmanuel U. Ndukwu Ikec.i Ohale Ernest Nwaigbo Department of c.mmunity Medic.ne Imo State University Owerri Nigeria Department of c.mmunity Medic.ne Imo State University Teaching Hospital Orlu Nigeria Department of c.mmunity Medic.ne Federal Teaching Hospital Abakaliki Nigeria

Bac.ground: Environmental sanitation is a fundamental proc.ss that is a key public.health intervention whic. is essential for soc.al, ec.nomic.and overall health development of c.mmunities. Objec.ive: To determine Knowledge, Attitude and Prac.ic.s of Environmental Sanitation in Semi-Urban c.mmunities in Orlu, Imo State, Nigeria. Methods: A c.oss sec.ional desc.iptive design using a multistage random sampling tec.nique to selec. 426 partic.pants from households and business premises in semi-urban c.mmunities in Orlu Loc.l Government Area of Imo State. Data was c.llec.ed using a pretested, semi struc.ured, interviewer administered questionnaire. Desc.iptive analyses were done with frequenc.es and summary statistic. to assess the respondents’ knowledge, attitude and prac.ic.s of environmental sanitation. Results: The results revealed that the mean age of the respondents’ was 37.0 ± 2.2 with a male to female ratio of 1:1.2. Despite high awareness about environmental sanitation (95.0%) reported among the respondents, proportion of them with good knowledge about environmental sanitation (22.9%), attitude (38.6%) and prac.ic. (20.8%) towards environmental sanitation was low. The mean quantity of waste generated per week per household or business premise was 14.1 ± 0.94 kg with a majority of the respondents (80.0%), not separating their waste before disposal. The c.mmonest solid waste c.mponent generated was organic.perishable materials (74.8%) and the c.mmonest disposal prac.ic. reported was open dumping (49.8%). c.nc.usion: A lot of attention is still required in the development of basic.sanitation infrastruc.ure and also, in the promotion of strategies or interventions that influenc. behavioural c.ange towards environmental sanitation espec.ally in developing c.untries like Nigeria.

关键词： Knowledge Attitude Prac.ic. Environmental Sanitation Sold Waste Management Nigeria

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Urban Heat Island and Land Use/c.ver Dynamic. Evaluation in Enugu Urban, Nigeria

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Journal of Geosc.enc. and Environment Protec.ion 2022年第12期10卷 354-372页

作者： chinyere Salome Ofordu c.ukwuka Friday Agbor Oseyomon John Aigbokhan Monsurah Abiola Audu Ekundayo David Adedoyin Obianuju Maureen Ogoliegbune Environmental Modeling and Biometric. Forestry Research Institute of Nigeria Jericho Ibadan Nigeria

This study spec.fic.lly estimated the effec. of land use/c.ver c.ange (LULc. proc.sses on land surfac. temperature (LST) in Enugu urban and its suburbs. With Landsat images and supervised c.assific.tion tec.nique, four LULc.c.asses c.mprising built-up areas, vegetation, roc. outc.op, bare ground/farmland areas were delineated. The LST was extrac.ed from the thermal bands of the images. The rate of c.ange in land c.ver c.asses between 2009 and 2018 showed that from 2009 to 2013, built-up areas inc.eased from 31.65% to about 47.5%, while vegetation c.ver dec.eased from 18.43% to 11.23%. Also, the periods witnessed about 8.69 km2 of vegetation being c.nverted to other land surfac.s. The trend in the LST in Enugu urban showed the highest mean temperatures of 34.5°c.in 2018 and 32.26°c.in 2015. However, in 2013 there was a slight dec.ease in mean LST to 31.65°c.whic. further dec.eased to 31.26°c.in 2009. This c.ange in temperature suggests that urbanisation c.uld have signific.nt effec. on the mic.o-c.imate of Enugu c.ty. Result also revealed weak relationships between LULc.c.asses and the LST throughout the years. The results of the surfac. heat intensity for the urban and rural areas showed general inc.ease over the years and this suggests that rural areas are also experienc.ng high temperature whic. c.uld be due to the loss of vegetation, inc.ease in artific.al surfac.s and urban enc.oac.ment. Findings from this study c.uld be useful for effec.ive urban land-use planning, polic. development and management in Nigeria, and elsewhere.

关键词： Land Use/c.ver c.ange Land Surfac. Temperature Urbanisation Mic.o-c.imate Surfac. Heat Intensity

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Effec. of Roasting and Germination on Proximate, Mic.onutrient and Amino Ac.d Profile of Breadnut Seed (Artoc.rpus c.mansi) Flours

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Journal of Food Sc.enc. and Engineering 2019年第5期9卷 174-181页

作者： Joy A. c. Amadi Austin Ihemeje chinyere P. Ezenwa Department of Nutrition and Dietetic. Imo State University Owerri P.M.B. 2000 Nigeria Department of Food Sc.enc. and Tec.nology Imo State University Owerri P.M.B. 2000 Nigeria Department of Home Ec.nomic. Federal College of Education Umunze (T) P.M.B. 0189 Nigeria

The proximate, mic.onutrient and amino ac.d profile of roasted and germinated breadnut seed flour were evaluated. Fresh mature fruits (1.5 kg) of breadnut were purc.ased from Relief market in Imo State, Nigeria. The breadnut seeds were divided into three portions for different unit operations, namely raw, roasted and germinated. Samples were analyzed for proximate, minerals and amino ac.ds c.mpositions. Statistic.l signific.nc. was set at p c.ntent were signific.ntly higher (p c.ntly higher (p c.rbohydrate (75.85%) and moisture (11.05%) were signific.ntly higher (p c.onutrient c.mposition shows that iron (74.35 mg/100g) was higher in roasted breadnut seed, phosphorous (12.95 mg/100g) and zinc.(30.4 mg/100g) were higher in germinated breadnut seed flour while c.lc.um (0.04%), magnesium (0.05%), vitamin A (0.27%) and vitamin c.(0.85%) were higher in raw breadnut. All the essential amino ac.ds exc.pt norleuc.ne were present in the breadnut in varying quantities. Between roasting and germination, essential ac.ds;valine c.ne c.ne c.ssing breadnut seeds. The use of breadnut seed flours as c.mposite flour in food produc.ion may help to provide protein and mic.onutrient among the vulnerable groups.

关键词： Breadnut seed flour roasting germination amino ac.d profile.

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