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Evaluation of Peripheral Neuropathy in Diabetic Adults with and without Foot Ulcers in an African Population

Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2018年第12期6卷 71-78页

作者： Osita Ede Gabriel O. Eyichukwu Kenechi A. Madu Iheuko S. Ogbonnaya Kelechukwu A. Okoro chinonso basil-nwachuku Kelechi A. Nwokocha Department of Orthopaedics Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery National Orthopaedic Hospital Enugu Nigeria

Background: Foot ulcers frequently precede lower extremity amputations (LEA) in diabetic subjects. Peripheral neuropathy (PN) is a strong risk factor for diabetic foot ulceration. Majority of diabetic patients with PN are asymptomatic;hence foot ulceration may be the first clinical presentation. Early detection of PN can forestall the development of foot ulcers through active preventive strategies. Few studies have been done to assess PN in diabetic individuals in Africa. The study aims to evaluate the incidence and risk factors for PN in diabetic adults with and without foot ulcers in an indigenous African population. Method: This cross-sectional study involved 90 diabetic adults, 45 with foot ulcers and 45 without foot ulcers. Assessment of PN was done with the Michigan Neuropathy Screening Instrument (MNSI), the 10 g Semmes-Weinstein monofilament (SWM) and the 128-Hz vibrating tuning fork (VTF). Demographic data were collected by questionnaire. Associations between PN and risk factors such as age, alcohol consumption, duration of diabetes, cigarette smoking, BMI, height and sex were also investigated. Results: There were 59 males (65.6%) and 31 females (34.4%) in the study. The mean age of the subjects with foot ulcers was 59.62 years (SD = 6.47), while those without ulcers was 57.47 years (SD = 6.94). Forty-two subjects (93.33%) with foot ulcers have PN using the MNSI, while 33 subjects without foot ulcers (73.33%) have PN. Both the SWM and the VTF showed a high positive correlation with themselves and with the MNSI. Advancing age, duration of diabetes, alcohol intake, hyperglycaemia and cigarette smoking showed a significant association with peripheral neuropathy, while BMI, height and sex did not. Conclusion: The incidence of PN is quite high in diabetic adults in Africa. This calls for early screening and aggressive control of risk factors to prevent the development of diabetic foot ulceration.

关键词： Peripheral Neuropathy African Diabetic Adults Foot Ulcers

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Analysis of heat flow diagram of small-scale power generation system:Innovative approaches for improving techno-economic and ecological indices

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2020年第11期63卷 2256-2274页

作者： SHAGDAR Enkhbayar SHUAI Yong GUENE LOUGOU Bachirou GANBOLD Enkhjin chinonso Ogugua Paul TAN HePing Key Laboratory of Aerospace Thermophysics of Ministry of Industry and Information Technology Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001China School of Energy Science and Engineering Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001China School of Energy Science and Power Engineering Mongolian University of Science and TechnologyUlaanbaatar 14191Mongolia School of Mechanical and Power Engineering Harbin University of Science and TechnologyHarbin 150001China

In this paper,the heat flow diagram of steam turbine model K-6-35 has been analyzed for innovative approaches towards improving the techno-economic and ecological indices of the small-scale power generation *** numerical analysis is performed using IPSEpro process simulation software based on heat balance method under four different *** was found that the study of Solar Assisted Power Generation(SAPG)system has important practical significance in power generation with minimum pollutants and maximum *** fuel-saving(FS)and power-boosting(PB)operation modes of the SAPG system are *** types of stand-alone solar thermal power plants exhibited very low overall efficiency with many ecological advantages compared to the conventional thermal power plant based on fossil ***,SAPG system with FS mode presented higher techno-economic indices and operation *** important reduction in fuel consumption and pollutant emissions could be obtained with SAPG *** the hourly,daily,monthly,and yearly amount of saved fuel and reduced pollutants in the whole power plant,the SAPG system with FS mode can largely contribute to high ecological indices power generation.A thermal efficiency increased by 1.31%with specific equivalent fuel consumption decreased by 22.54 g/kWh was obtained with SAPG *** coal consumption was reduced by 4.75%when SAPG system operates in FS mode.

关键词： heat flow diagram solar assisted power generation parabolic trough collector solar thermal power plant techno-economic indices genetic algorithm

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Impact of community-based rehabilitation on quality of life and self-esteem of persons with physical disabilities and their family members

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Global Health Journal 2023年第2期7卷 87-93页

作者： Joseph Umunnah Babatunde Adegoke Chigozie Uchenwoke chinonso Igwesi-Chidobe Grace Alom Department of Medical Rehabilitation Nnamdi Azikiwe UniversityNnewi CampusNnewiAnambra StateNigeria Department of Physiotherapy University of IbadanIbadanOyo StateNigeria Department of Medical Rehabilitation University of NigeriaEnugu CampusEnuguEnugu StateNigeria Department of Physiotherapy University of Nigeria Teaching HospitalEnuguEnugu StateNigeria

Objective:Community-based rehabilitation(CBR)is a strategy by which persons living with disability(PWDs)access comprehensive rehabilitation services with limited evidence regarding its impact on the quality of life(QOL)and self-esteem(SE)of PWDs and their family *** study compared the QOL and SE of Nigerian PWDs in communities with and without a CBR programme(CBR and non-CBR respectively),and the family quality of life(FQOL)of their family ***:Cross-sectional study involving 2604 PWDs(1302 in CBR and 1302 in non-CBR);5208 family members of PWDs(2604 in CBR and 2604 non-CBR),recruited from four randomly selected geo-political zones in Nigeria,purposive/consecutive selection of eight CBR programmes,PWDs and their family members(CBR and non-CBR).Outcomes assessed using Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale(RSES),World Health Organization Quality of Life Instrument-short form(WHOQOL-BREF)and Beach Centre Family Quality of Life Instrument(BCFQOL).Mann-Whitney U test and Spearman's rank order correlation were used to analyse data at P<***:PWDs in CBR scored higher in all domains of WHOQOL-BREF(P<0.0001 in all cases)and RSES than non-CBR group(P<0.0001).The CBR families scored significantly higher than non-CBR families in all domains(P<0.05)except Emotional Well-Being of the *** CBR group scores on Psychological and Social Health domains of the WHOQOL-BREF showed significant positive correlation with CBR families'Family Interaction(P=0.06)and Parenting(P=0.07)domains and total FQOL(P=0.07).Conclusion:Community-based rehabilitation positively impacted on SE and QOL of PWDs and their family members.

关键词： Community-based rehabilitation Persons living with disability Quality of life Self-esteem

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Contributions of Primary Health Care and Next Step Considerations: A Systematic Review

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2022年第9期10卷 41-47页

作者： chinonso Ndubuisi Adaugo Ohadugha Uchechukwu Ndukwe Humboldt Park Health Chicago USA Lagos State University Teaching Hospital Lagos Nigeria Dawn of Life Foundation Port Harcourt Nigeria

The essential consideration is the cornerstone of a solid medical care system that provides outstanding health outcomes at a low cost. Medical therapy has evolved over the previous century from concentrating on random etiologies to lifestyle, race, and environmental factors. The aim behind these changes is to serve the public health requirements by delivering frequent and easy services based on the individual, couple, or family. Accurate evaluation of the magnitude by which primary health care contributes to the health care system is essential to the improvement of these contributions and determining next step considerations. The number one factor has been associated with greater access to medical care, better health outcomes, and reduced hospitalization and ER (emergency room) visits. The number one consideration may also help balance the adverse effects of poor financial situations on well-being. Therefore, we need more primary care doctors in the US. Research is also necessary to understand which essential consideration models provide acceptable health results.

关键词： Primary Care Health Outcomes Population Health Essential Medical Care Primary Care Physician

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The Effects of Antiretroviral Drugs on the Absorbance Characteristics of HIV-Infected Blood

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Journal of Biomedical Science and Engineering 2015年第9期8卷 571-581页

作者： Okwuchukwu Ani Sam Omenyi chinonso Achebe Department of Mechanical and Production Engineering Enugu State University of Science and Technology Agbani Nigeria Department of Mechanical Engineering Nnamdi Azikiwe University Awka Nigeria

In the twenty first century research works, there may be a need to achieve a more reliable research result through a synergy between engineers and biological researchers. The peak absorbance data for various interacting systems were measured. These were used to show that the antiretroviral drug has the effect of increasing the peak absorbance values of both the uninfected and infected blood components, i.e., the drugs are made able to increase the light absorption capacity of the blood cells. For drug 2 that contains three components including Efavirenz, the drug effect on lymphocytes was increased by about 38% for patients that had been on antiretroviral drug treatment. Mathematical models were proposed and used in determining the coating effectiveness of antiretroviral drugs in the presence and absence of HIV. The use of the findings of this work by pharmaceutical industries may help in the search for more effective antiretroviral drugs for the treatment of HIV patients.

关键词： Absorbance Transmittance Dielectric Constant Human Immunodeficiency Virus Antiretroviral Drug Coating Effectiveness Lymphocyte Wavelength

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汉语伊博语问候语对比研究

汉语伊博语问候语对比研究

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作者： AWILIGWE chinonso OLUCHUKWU（安孝文）河北师范大学

学位级别：硕士

问候语是人们在交际中使用最频繁的言语交际形式之一,在任何一个民族的言语交际中都扮演着十分重要的角色,也反映出各个民族不同的文化内涵和交际习惯。问候语使用不恰当的话会对双方的交流沟通造成障碍。改革开放以来,中国的经济飞速发... 详细信息

问候语是人们在交际中使用最频繁的言语交际形式之一,在任何一个民族的言语交际中都扮演着十分重要的角色,也反映出各个民族不同的文化内涵和交际习惯。问候语使用不恰当的话会对双方的交流沟通造成障碍。改革开放以来,中国的经济飞速发展,综合国力日益增强,世界上越来越多的人开始学习汉语。问候语的学习也成为学习汉语必不可少的一部分。如何更好地学习汉语问候语便成为值得研究的命题。基于此,本文通过对笔者的民族语言,即伊博语(尼日利亚民族语言)的问候语与汉语的问候语进行了对比分析,从而提出在对外汉语教学中关于问候语的教学策略建议。全文共分四章,具体内容如下:第一章是问候语的概述。首先对汉语和伊博语的问候语进行介绍,然后分析了问候语的功能和特点。从整体上分析了问候语这一语言现象。第二章是汉伊问候语的对比分析。主要对汉伊问候语在不同场合、不同时间、不同年龄阶段下的问候差异进行介绍与对比分析。第三章是汉伊问候语的异同分析。在从问候方式、询问方式、称谓方式三种不同的角度分析汉伊问候语的异同点的基础上,从思维、社会、文化等方面进行了这种差异的原因分析。第四章是对外汉语教学中针对问候语的教学对策。该部分针对尼日利亚伊博的学生,为对外汉语教师提出了在汉语问候语的教学方法上的建议。

关键词：汉语伊博语问候语对比教学方法

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贵金属纳米颗粒表面增强拉曼散射的时域有限差分模拟

贵金属纳米颗粒表面增强拉曼散射的时域有限差分模拟

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作者： Ogugua Paul chinonso 哈尔滨工业大学

学位级别：硕士

检测食品污染物的常规方法非常有限。例如,色谱法是用于分离气体或液体混合物的技术。尽管基于色谱法的技术已被食品和药物管理局(FDA)、其他联邦机构、工业部门以及学术界广泛用作标准方法,但通常使用色谱法的检测三聚氰胺的浓度极限(L... 详细信息

检测食品污染物的常规方法非常有限。例如,色谱法是用于分离气体或液体混合物的技术。尽管基于色谱法的技术已被食品和药物管理局(FDA)、其他联邦机构、工业部门以及学术界广泛用作标准方法,但通常使用色谱法的检测三聚氰胺的浓度极限(LOD)仅可以达到十亿分之几(ppb)的水平。因此,需要更好的技术来实现食品检测。高通量、可重复性、选择性、简单性和高灵敏度的特点使得表面增强拉曼光谱(SERS)技术能够应用到生物科学领域。贵金属的纳米颗粒,特别是金(Au),在可见光和近红外(NIR)光谱范围内表现出表面等离子共振(SPP),其等离子体模式的形成源自于电磁场驱动的自由电子的集体振荡。这项工作旨在使用有限差分时域(FDTD)方法设计具有高SERS增强因子和低成本的NPs-衬底结构。结果表明,对于所研究的SiO、Ge和AlO三种基板,Ag颗粒所激发的SERS效应与先前实验的结果相一致:SiO>Ge>AlO。进一步的模拟表明,Ag颗粒在Al基底上所表现出的拉曼散射强度大于在SiO、Ge和AlO基底上的强度。这表明相对于半导体基底而言,铝基底边缘位置及其周围的电磁场得到了更多的强化。更重要的是,模拟结果表明AuNPs-Al基底结构也具有拉曼散射强化作用(AuNPs在Al基底上的局部电场增强效应能够获得更强的拉曼信号)。最优结果来自于AuNP和AgNP的协同效应。当两种或更多种材料与金属结构组合时,由于电磁和化学增强的协同作用,微结构能够获得更好的拉曼强化效果。在特定范围内改变球体直径和颗粒间距,获得了关于SERS的更多研究结果。为了兼顾实际应用中的成本与效率问题,需适当减少材料的使用,以确保在小型化的基础上带来更多的强化效果。此外,通过调控颗粒尺寸、颗粒间距和基板类型,得到了共振波长的激发机理。最后,考虑了单晶Au纳米结构的消光光谱。结果表明,相同粒径的消光峰具有红移现象。其原因是纳米结构之间所发生的等离子体耦合效应。该结果对于优良SERS底物的开发和应用具有一定的指导意义,并为解决食源性细菌的世界性难题提供了新的解决方法。

关键词：时域有限差分法表面增强拉曼散射基底小型化结构指纹

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Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)- Blood Interactions in Antiretroviral Drugs Environment—Surface Thermodynamics Approach

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2015年第11期3卷 1-15页

作者： Okwuchukwu Innocent Ani Sam Nna Omenyi chinonso Hubert Achebe Department of Mechanical and Production Engineering Enugu State University of Science and Technology Enugu Nigeria Department of Mechanical Engineering Nnamdi Azikiwe University Awka Nigeria

Hamaker coefficient approach was used as a surface thermodynamic tool in determining the HIV- blood interactions in the antiretroviral drug environment. The methodology involved the absorbance measurement using a digital Ultraviolet Visible MetaSpecAE1405031Pro Spectrophotometer of blood samples collected from ten HIV infected persons who had not commenced treatment with antiretroviral drugs (No ARV), ten HIV infected persons who had already commenced treatment with antiretroviral drugs (with ARV) and ten blood samples of uninfected persons all in each of five different antiretroviral drugs environment. The variables required for the computations with the Lifshiftz formula in the determination of Hamaker constants/coefficients were derived from the absorbance data. The values of the various Hamaker coefficients for each antiretroviral drug on both infected and uninfected blood samples were calculated. MATLAB software tools were employed in the computations. The absolute values for the combined Hamaker coefficient for the drugs ranged from -0.02481 × 10-21 Joule for drug 4 to -0.05845 × 10-21 Joule for drug 3. The negative senses of the absolute combined Hamaker coefficient imply net negative van der Waals forces indicating a possible repulsion between HIV and drug coated lymphocyte cells. For the virus interacting with blood samples not coated with the drugs, the Hamaker coefficients are positive indicating the vulnerability of the lymphocytes in the absence of the drugs. This effect suggests effective coating or binding of the lymphocytes with the drugs is needed for possible blocking of the virus from the surface of the lymphocyte cell. A thermodynamic criterion for HIV-drug interaction prediction was suggested and found to be a valuable tool in HIV-blood interaction study. The use of the findings of this work by pharmaceutical industries may be possible in the area of drug design.

关键词： Absorbance Hamaker Constant Hamaker Coefficient Human Immunodeficiency Virus Antiretroviral Drug Lymphocyte Van der Waals Forces Surface Energy

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HIV Status Disclosure Rate to a Sexual Partner, Associated Factors and Outcomes among Pregnant Women in PMTCT Care in Two Large HIV Facilities in Abuja, Nigeria

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World Journal of AIDS 2023年第4期13卷 193-209页

作者： Prosper Okonkwo Oluseye Ajayi Ojukwu chinonso Nnenna Abiodun Isah Program Department APIN Public Health Initiatives Abuja Nigeria Community Medicine Department Bingham University Karu Nigeria Prevention and Community Service Directorate APIN Public Health Initiatives Abuja Nigeria Clinical Service Directorate APIN Public Health Initiatives Abuja Nigeria

HIV status disclosure to partners is critical in improving the health and well-being of mother-infant dyad in the prevention of HIV transmission from mother to child (PMTCT) program. This study assesses the HIV disclosure rate to intimate partners, associated factors, and outcomes among women in the PMTCT program in two large HIV clinics in Abuja, Nigeria. A descriptive cross-sectional study employed a multi-stage sampling technique in selecting 220 pregnant women enrolled in PMTCT care in two clinics. Outcomes measures include HIV status disclosure to intimate partner, women’s viral suppression status (suppressed < 1000 copies/mL, unsuppressed ≥ 1000 copies/mL), and previous MTCT experience. Exposure variables include the participant’s socio-demographic characteristics and HIV care history. Data were presented using frequency tables. Simple and multivariate logistic regression was done to ascertain the predictors of HIV status disclosure and assess the association between HIV disclosure, viral suppression, and MTCT experience at a p-value of less than 0.05. Only 205 (96.7%) entries were completed and analyzed A larger percentage of the participants were married women, 158 (77.1%), within the age group 26 - 35 years (53.3%). Women’s HIV status disclosure rate to intimate partners was 49.3% (101/205). Factors associated with HIV disclosure rate to intimate partners at the univariate level were the participant’s age, Christian religion [COR: 1.80, 95%CI: 1.04 - 3.21, p = 0.04], full employment [COR: 1.92, 95%CI: 1.10 - 3.34, p = 0.02], HIV positivity prior to PMTCT enrollment [COR: 2.88, 95%CI: 1.26 - 6.59, p < 0.01], duration on antiretroviral therapy [COR: 1.07, 95%CI: 1.01 - 1.13, p = 0.03], and knowledge of partner’s HIV status [COR: 0.20, 95%CI: 0.08 - 0.51, p < 0.01]. Only HIV positivity prior to PMTCT enrollment [AOR: 3.27, 95%CI: 1.23 - 8.70, p < 0.01] and awareness of the partner’s HIV status, [AOR: 0.17, 95%CI: 0.06 - 0.49, p < 0.01] were significant predict

关键词： HIV Status Disclosure Intimate Partner PMTCT Pregnant Women

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Artificial intelligence and robotics:Skills and strategies for library and information professionals in the 4IR

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Data Science and Informetrics 2022年第2期2卷 116-122页

作者： Justice chinonso Ujoumunna Chidaka O.Nyemezu Blessing Esuru Ahiauzu Liverpool University Center for Archives Studies University of LiverpoolLiverpoolUK Department of Library and Information Science Rivers State UniversityPort HarcourtNigeria

Introduction No doubt the recent transition to the fourth industrial revolution characterized by the digital economy and the concept of 21;century trends has adversely affected so many professions and their *** affected professions includes Library and Information Science and their practices just like other disciplines so much so that all fields of academic disciplines now transcend from the old analogue.

关键词： doubt academic profession

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