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CAAI Transactions on Intelligence Technology 2020年第3期5卷 209-221页

作者： chinnadurai veerappan Bobin Albert Department of Mathematics Annamalai UniversityTamil NaduIndia

This study intends to present an innovative study for ranking the alternatives in multiple-criteria decision analysis(MCDA)problems under the interval-valued neutrosophic soft set(IVNSS)*** this study,to illustrate the notion of objective and subjective weight,the prospect decision theory(PDT)performs an imperative role in determining decision-making *** predicts human behaviour in terms of gains and losses and considers the expected utility relation to a reference point rather than complete *** the analysis of merged criteria weight and the prospect decision-making matrix,the authors get a new dimension level for ranking the array of *** manuscript provides an improved score function(SF)to convert the interval-valued membership grades of truth,indeterminacy and falsity into a mathematical and computational *** advantage of this method is that it merges the objective and subjective weight during the proposed *** propose an algorithm based on the SF to determine MCDA problems with *** illustrate a case study and provide various comparative analyses to show its significance over existing studies.

关键词： value. valued illustrate

Macular microvascular and structural changes on optical coherence tomography angiography in atypical optic neuritis

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World Journal of Methodology 2025年第1期15卷 88-94页

作者： Chinmay Mahatme Madhurima Kaushik veerappan Rathinasabapathy Saravanan Karthik Kumar Virna M Shah Department of General Ophthalmology Aravind Eye HospitalCoimbatore 641014Tamil NāduIndia Department of Neuro-ophthalmology Aravind Eye HospitalCoimbatore 641014Tamil NāduIndia Department of Vitreoretina Aravind Eye HospitalCoimbatore 641014Tamil NāduIndia

BACKGROUND Atypical optic neuritis,consisting of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders(NMOSD)or myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody disease(MOGAD),has a very similar presentation but different prognostic implications and longterm management *** and metabolic factors are being thought to play a role in such autoimmune neuro-inflammatory disorders,apart from the obvious immune mediated *** the advent of optical coherence tomography angiography(OCTA),it is easy to pick up on these subclinical macular microvascular and structural *** To study the macular microvascular and structural changes on OCTA in atypical optic *** This observational cross-sectional study involved 8 NMOSD and 17 MOGAD patients,diagnosed serologically,as well as 10 healthy *** vascular density(MVD)and ganglion cell+inner plexiform layer thickness(GCIPL)were studied using *** There was a significant reduction in MVD in NMOSD and MOGAD affected as well as unaffected eyes when compared with healthy *** and MOGAD affected eyes had significant GCIPL thinning compared with healthy *** unaffected eyes did not show significant GCIPL thinning compared to healthy controls in contrast to MOGAD unaffected *** comparing NMOSD with MOGAD,there was no significant difference in terms of MVD or GCIPL in the affected or unaffected *** Although significant microvascular and structural changes are present on OCTA between atypical optic neuritis and normal patients,they could not help in differentiating between NMOSD and MOGAD cases.

关键词： Optical coherence tomography angiography Atypical optic neuritis Macular microvascular changes Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody disorder

Landslide Hazard Zonation Mapping in Ghat Road Section of Kolli Hills, India

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Journal of Mountain Science 2014年第5期11卷 1308-1325页

作者： Siddan ANBAZHAGAN veerappan RAMESH Centre for Geoinformatics and Planetary Studies Department of Geology Periyar University

Landslides are the most common natural disaster in hilly terrain which causes changes in landscape and damage to life and property. The main objective of the present study was to carry out landslide hazard zonation mapping on 1:50,000 scale along ghat road section of Kolli hills using a Landslide Hazard Evaluation Factor(LHEF) rating scheme. The landslide hazard zonation map has been prepared by overlaying the terrain evaluation maps with facet map of the study area. The terrain evaluation maps include lithology, structure, slope morphometry, relative relief, land use and land cover and hydrogeological condition. The LHEF rating scheme and the Total Estimated Hazard(TEHD) were calculated as per the Bureau of Indian Standard(BIS) guidelines(IS: 14496(Part-2) 1998) for the purpose of preparation of Landslide Hazard Zonation(LHZ) map in mountainous terrains. The correction due to triggering factors such as seismicity, rainfall and anthropogenic activities were also incorporated with Total Estimated Hazard to get final corrected TEHD. The landslide hazard zonation map was classified as the high, moderate and low hazard zones along the ghat road section based on corrected TEHD.

关键词： Landslide hazard zonation(LHZ) Kolli Hills Mountainous terrain LHEF rating scheme Bureau of Indian Standard(BIS) TEHD

Identification, quantification and agerelated changes of human trabecular meshwork stem cells

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Eye and Vision 2019年第1期6卷 261-270页

作者： Yogapriya Sundaresan Muthukkaruppan veerappan Krishnadas Subbiah Ramasamy Gowri Priya Chidambaranathan Department of Immunology and Stem Cell Biology Aravind Medical Research FoundationMaduraiTamil NaduIndia. Glaucoma Clinic Aravind Eye Hospital and Post Graduate Institute of OphthalmologyMaduraiTamil NaduIndia

Background:Loss of cells in the human trabecular meshwork(TM)has been reported with ageing and in *** study aims to identify,quantify and determine the age-related changes of human TM stem cells(TMSCs).Methods:Isolation of TM cells/paraffin sectioning was carried out using human corneoscleral rings and whole *** TM cells/sections were immunostained for the stem cell markers ATP-binding cassette protein G2(ABCG2),nerve growth factor receptor p75 and AnkyrinG(AnkG).Images were acquired using Leica SP8 confocal *** isolated cells were analyzed for two parameters-ABCG2 expression and nucleus to cytoplasmic ratio(N/C ratio).The total number of TM cells and those positive for ABCG2 and p75 in each section were *** rank order correlation was used to determine the association between age and the cell ***:The TMSCs were identified based on two parameters-high ABCG2 expression and high N/C ratio>*** stem cells were also positive for p75 and *** TMSC content based on the two parameters was 21.0±1.4%in60 *** stem cells with high ABCG2 and p75 expression were restricted to the Schwalbe’s line region of the TM.A significant correlation was observed between the reduction in TMSC content and TM cell count during ***:The human TMSCs were identified and quantified based on two parameter *** study established a significant association between age-related reduction in TMSC content and TM cell loss.

关键词： Human trabecular meshwork Trabecular meshwork stem cells Two-parameter analysis Age-related changes Primary open angle glaucoma

Influence of elution conditions on DNA transport behavior in free solution by hydrodynamic chromatography

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Science China Chemistry 2015年第10期58卷 1605-1611页

作者： Lei Liu Vijaykumar veerappan Yuzhi Bian Guangsheng Guo Xiayan Wang Beijing Key Laboratory for Green Catalysis and Separation Department of Chemistry Engineering Beijing University of Technology Department of Biological Sciences University of North Texas

We have previously developed bare narrow-bore capillary chromatography. In this work, high-performance DNA separation was realized for a size range of 10–800 base pairs(bp) utilizing bare narrow-bore capillary chromatography with 750 nm- radius capillaries. Separation behavior of double-stranded DNA(ds DNA) fragments was investigated over a range of eluent concentrations and elution pressures. DNA molecules were hydrodynamically separated in a size-dependent manner in free solution without any sieving matrices, with the longer fragments being eluted out from the capillary earlier. It was found that the eluent concentration variously influenced the transport behavior for different-sized DNA fragments depending upon the configuration of DNA molecules and the association of counterions. Ionic strength of the solutions strongly impacted DNA persistence length. Enhanced elution pressure could shorten analysis time with a slight loss in resolution. Excellent efficiency of two million theoretical plates per meter was achieved, which indicates the enormous potential of bare narrow-bore capillary chromatography for the analysis of DNA fragments. These findings would be useful in understanding the transport behavior of DNA fragments in confined dimensions for chromatography in free solution.

关键词： DNA separation transport behavior chromatography

Design and Analysis of Low Power Hybrid Memristor-CMOS Based Distinct Binary Logic Nonvolatile SRAM Cell

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Circuits and Systems 2016年第3期7卷 119-127页

作者： veerappan Saminathan Kuppusamy Paramasivam Department of ECE Maharaja Engineering College Avinashi India Department of ECE Karpagam College of Engineering Coimbatore India

Memristor is a newly found fourth circuit element for the next generation emerging nonvolatile memory technology. In this paper, design of new type of nonvolatile static random access memory cell is proposed by using a combination of memristor and complemented metal oxide semiconductor. Biolek memristor model and CMOS 180 nm technology are used to form a single cell. By introducing distinct binary logic to avoid safety margin is left for each binary logic output and enables better read/write data integrity. The total power consumption reduces from 0.407 mw (milli-watt) to 0.127 mw which is less than existing memristor based memory cell of the same CMOS technology. Read and write time is also significantly reduced. However, write time is higher than conventional 6T SRAM cell and can be reduced by increasing motion of electron in the memristor. The change of the memristor state is shown by applying piecewise linear input voltage.

关键词： Memristor-CMOS Nonvolatile Memory Power Consumption DBL PWL Input

Drug-Excipient Interactions: Case Studies and Overview of Drug Degradation Pathways

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American Journal of Analytical Chemistry 2016年第1期7卷 107-140页

作者： Kishore Kumar Hotha Swapan Roychowdhury veerappan Subramanian Novel Laboratories Inc. Somerset NJ USA

The objective of the current research article is to provide a comprehensive review of excipients impact on the stability of the drug product and their implications during the product development. Recent developments in the understanding of the degradation pathways further impact methodologies used in the pharmaceutical industry for potential stability assessment. The formation of drug excipient adducts was very common based on the sensitive chemical moieties in the drugs and the excipients. The formation of the impurities was not limited to drug related impurities but there were several possibilities of the drug-excipient adduct formations as well as excipient impurities reaction with Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients. Identification of drug degradation in presence of excipients/excipient impurities requires extensive knowledge and adequate analytical characterization data. Systematic literature review and understanding about the drug formulation process, give you a smooth platform in establishing the finished product in the drug market. This paper discusses mechanistic basis of known drug-excipient interactions with case studies and provides an overview of common underlying themes in solid, semisolid and parenteral dosage forms.

关键词： Drug Excipients Forced Degradation Impurities Adducts Degradation Pathways HPLC LC-MS/MS Synthesis Chemistry Characterization

Drug-Excipient Interaction of Methylphenidate with Glycerin in Methylphenidate Oral Solution and Identification of its Transesterification Products by UPLC-MS/MS

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American Journal of Analytical Chemistry 2016年第2期7卷 151-164页

作者： Kishore Kumar Hotha Swapan Roychowdhury veerappan Subramanian Novel Laboratories Inc. Somerset NJ USA

Reactions between active drug substances and excipients are of interest in the drug formulation process should be checked for the interactions during the storage conditions. Some excipients react with certain chemical groups in drug substances which will form new impurities in the finished product formulations. In the present paper transesterification reaction of methylphenidate with glycerin to form different structural isomeric products was described. These impurities identified in forced degradation studies, excipient compatibility studies and stability analysis of the finished product. Stability samples were analyzed and observed that about ~0.6% of the Methylphenidate content was transformed into methylphenidate-glycerin isomers within 3 Months at 40°C/75% RH and 18 Months at 25°C/60% RH conditions. Analysis of two lots of marketed preparations having expiry dates in 2012 and 2013 showed content of the Methylphenidate esters corresponding to ~0.6% of the declared Methylphenidate content. The samples of this impurity were investigated by HPLC, UPLC-MS/MS to generate the mechanism of the impurity formation.

关键词： Methylphenidate Oral Solution Glycerin Transesterification Excipient Interactions Forced Degradation

Development of Better-Quality Assay Method for the Citric Acid and Sodium Citrate in Ophthalmic/Oral Solutions and Their Application to Deformulation Studies

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American Journal of Analytical Chemistry 2014年第17期5卷 1249-1260页

作者： Kishore Kumar Hotha Tejashkumar Patel Swapan Roychowdhury veerappan Subramanian Novel Laboratories Inc. Somerset NJ USA

There were several techniques determined for the analysis of citrate and citric acid mixtures in the pharmaceutical dosage forms. Titration methods, photometric and ion chromatographic methods were used for their determination. These methods will restrict too many factors where the accurate quantification of citrate and citric acid is extremely challenging. Citric acid is the natural flavor used as a preservative for many pharmaceutical applications. Deformulation techniques used for the manufacturing of generic drugs require authentic data for their regulatory submissions. Simple accurate and reproducible validated method developed for the determination of citric acid and sodium citrate by titration followed by HPLC analysis. Free citric acid was determined by the titration method and total citric acid was determined by HPLC analysis. After subtracting the free citric acid from total citric acid content, citric acid present in the sodium citrate content was determined. Sodium citrate content was determined by applying sodium correction factor to the subtracted value of the citric acid. The results met all the validation parameters and the method was successfully measured the amount of citric acid and sodium citrate in the marketed ophthalmic/oral solutions.

关键词： Citric Acid Sodium Citrate Ophthalmic Solutions Oral Solutions Titration HPLC

Effect of hole-transporting materials on the photovoltaic performance and stability of all-ambient-processed perovskite solar cells

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2017年第3期26卷 584-591页

作者： Nanaji Islavath S Saroja K Srinivas Reddy P C Harikesh G veerappan Shrikant V Joshi Easwaramoorthi Ramasamy Centre for Solar Energy Materials International Advanced Research Centre for Powder Metallurgy and New Materials(ARCI)Hyderabad 500005India

High-efficiency perovskite solar cells（PSCs） reported hitherto have been mostly prepared in a moisture and oxygen-free glove-box atmosphere, which hampers upscaling and real-time performance assessment of this exciting photovoltaic technology. In this work, we have systematically studied the feasibility of allambient-processing of PSCs and evaluated their photovoltaic performance. It has been shown that phasepure crystalline tetragonal MAPbI;perovskite films are instantly formed in ambient air at room temperature by a two-step spin coating process, undermining the need for dry atmosphere and ***-ambient-processed PSCs with a configuration of FTO/TiO;/MAPbI;/Spiro-OMeTAD/Au achieve opencircuit voltage（990 mV） and short-circuit current density（20.31 mA/cm;） comparable to those of best reported glove-box processed devices. Nevertheless, device power conversion efficiency is still constrained at 5% by the unusually low fill-factor of 0.25. Dark current–voltage characteristics reveal poor conductivity of hole-transporting layer caused by lack of oxidized spiro-OMe TAD species, resulting in high seriesresistance and decreased fill-factor. The study also establishes that the above limitations can be readily overcome by employing an inorganic p-type semiconductor, copper thiocyanate, as ambient-processable hole-transporting layer to yield a fill-factor of 0.54 and a power conversion efficiency of 7.19%. The present findings can have important implications in industrially viable fabrication of large-area PSCs.

关键词： Perovskite Ambient processing Solar cell Hole transport Series resistance