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Science China(Information Sciences) 2024年第7期67卷 256-270页

作者： Bin ZHOU Yi Ding kang-kang ZHANG Guang-Ren DUAN Center for Control Theory and Guidance Technology Harbin Institute of Technology

In this paper, nonsingular prescribed-time control is studied based on periodic delayed sliding mode surfaces. Different from the existing sliding mode control, where either singularity problems may appear or the convergence time depends on the initial state, the proposed sliding mode control approaches can achieve prescribed-time convergence without singularity. The proposed nonsingular sliding mode control approaches can be applied to both second-order and high-order nonlinear systems with prescribed-time convergence. As applications of the proposed sliding mode control approaches, the control of hypersonic vehicle systems is revisited. Numerical simulations on the nonlinear model of the hypersonic vehicle system show the effectiveness of the proposed methods.

关键词： prescribed-time control smooth periodic delayed feedback sliding mode control high-order nonlinear systems hypersonic vehicle systems

Progress in the application of polymer fibers in solid electrolytes for lithium metal batteries

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第5期92卷 26-42页

作者： Junbao kang Nanping Deng Bowen Cheng Weimin kang State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes/National Center for International Joint Research on Separation Membranes School of Textile Science and EngineeringTiangong UniversityTianjin 300387China

Solid state lithium metal batteries(SSLMBs)are considered to be one of the most promising battery systems for achieving high energy density and excellent safety for energy storage in the ***,current existed solid-state electrolytes(SSEs)are still difficult to meet the practical application requirements of *** this review,based on the analysis of main problems and challenges faced by the development of SSEs,the ingenious application and latest progresses including specific suggestions of various polymer fibers and their membrane products in solving these issues are emphatically ***,the inherent defects of inorganic and organic electrolytes are pointed ***,the application strategies of polymer fibers/fiber membranes in strengthening strength,reducing thickness,enhancing thermal stability,increasing the film formability,improving ion conductivity and optimizing interface stability are discussed in detail from two aspects of improving physical structure properties and electrochemical ***,the researches and development trends of the intelligent applications of high-performance polymer fibers in SSEs is *** review intends to provide timely and important guidance for the design and development of polymer fiber composite SSEs for SSLMBs.

关键词： Composite solide lectrolytes Polymer fibers Solid-state lithium metal batteries Solid-stateel ectrolytes Nanofiber membranes

A novel alcohol dehydrogenase in the hyperthermophilic crenarchaeon Hyperthermus butylicus

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mLife 2024年第2期3卷 317-325页

作者： ching Tse Kesen Ma Department of Biology University of WaterlooWaterlooOntarioCanada

Hyperthermus butylicus is a hyperthermophilic crenarchaeon that produces 1-butanol as an end product.A thermostable alcohol dehydrogenase(ADH)must be present in *** to act as the key enzyme responsible for this production;however,the gene that encodes the ADH has not yet been identified.A novel ADH,HbADH2,was purified from a cell-free extract of ***,and its characteristics were *** gene that encodes HbADH2 was demonstrated to be HBUT_RS04850 and annotated as a hypothetical protein in ***2 was found to be a primary-secondary ADH capable of using a wide range of substrates,including butyraldehyde and *** had the highest specificity constant,calculated as k_(cat)/K_(m),with kcat and apparent K_(m) values of 8.00±0.22 s^(-1) and 0.59±0.07 mM,*** apparent Km values for other substrates,including ethanol,1-propanol,2-propanol,butanol,acetaldehyde,propanal,and acetone,were 4.36±0.42,4.69±0.41,3.74±0.46,2.44±0.30,1.27±0.18,1.55±0.20,and 0.68±0.04 mM,*** optimal pH values for catalyzing aldehyde reduction and alcohol oxidation were 6.0 and 9.0,respectively,while the optimal temperature was higher than 90°C due to the increase in enzymatic activity from 60℃ to 90℃.Based on its substrate specificity,enzyme kinetics,and thermostability,HbADH2 may be the ADH that catalyzes the production of 1-butanol in *** putative conserved motif sites for NAD(P)^(+)and iron binding were identified by aligning HbADH2 with previously characterized Fe-containing ADHs.

关键词： butanol hyperthermophile Hyperthermus butylicus novel alcohol dehydrogenase thermostability

Regulation of insect behavior by non-coding RNAs

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2024年第6期67卷 1106-1118页

作者： Jing He Le kang State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Beijing Institutes of Life Sciences Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China College of Life Science Hebei UniversityBaoding 071002China

The adaptation of insects to environments relies on a sophisticated set of behaviors controlled by molecular and physiological *** the past several decades,accumulating studies have unveiled the roles of non-coding RNAs(nc RNAs)in regulating insect *** RNAs assume particularly pivotal roles in the behavioral plasticity of insects by rapidly responding to environmental *** RNAs also contribute to the maintenance of homeostasis of insects by fine-tuning the expression of target ***,a comprehensive review of nc RNAs'roles in regulating insect behaviors has yet to be ***,we present the recent progress in our understanding of how nc RNAs regulate various insect behaviors,including flight and movement,social behavior,reproduction,learning and memory,and *** refine the intricate mechanisms by which nc RNAs modulate the function of neural,motor,reproductive,and other physiological systems,as well as gene expression in insects like fruit flies,social insects,locusts,and ***,we discuss potential avenues for future studies in nc RNA-mediated insect behaviors.

关键词： ncRNAs insect behavior plasticity fine-tuning environmental adaptation

Considerations of advanced aqueous batteries recycling:A perspective

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第6期93卷 46-54,I0002页

作者： Yun Zhao Yuqiong kang Hao Du Feiyu kang Baohua Li Institute of Materials Research Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate SchoolTsinghua UniversityShenzhen 518055GuangdongChina

*** Battery technology,serving as a basis for a rechargeable society,has developed rapidly over a century[1].The progress can be roughly divided into three stages,with the initial two mainly focusing on aqueous battery *** to 1859,research primarily focused on the conceptualization of batteries and the development of primary(non-rechargeable)cells[2].In the subsequent150 years,rechargeable battery technology emerged。

关键词： battery Battery primarily

Resilience indices from a family of recovery functions

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Fundamental Research 2024年第1期4卷 13-20页

作者： Loon ching Tang Lijuan Shen Department of Industrial Systems Engineering and Management National University of Singapore117576 Singapore ETH Zurich Future Resilient SystemsSingapore-ETH Centre138602 Singapore

Defining and measuring resilience using a unified framework has been a topic of intense *** article presents a perspective on how resilience could be quantitatively assessed through a set of *** starts with a brief explanation of resilience in the context of supply chain and a quick summary of existing quantitative measures of *** then discusses how resilience could be quantified in a constructive manner so that the resulting metrics are representative of the performance throughout the system's life *** particular,it is proposed that resilience should be evaluated according to different time periods,***,during and after a disruption has *** dimensions of resilience,namely reliability,robustness,recovery and reconfigurability,can then be used to make up a set of indices for *** numerical illustration,these indices are computed based on recovery data arising from Hurricane Sandy in October ***,it is postulated that resilience will be the performance metric that complements productivity and sustainability as the third pillar for measuring success of organizations,and in turn,that of sovereign countries in their quests for developing smart cities.

关键词： Systems resilience Recovery function Recovery index Robustness index Reconfigurability

Boundless love:a German Professor Uli Schwarz in China

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Protein & Cell 2024年第8期15卷 553-558页

作者： Le kang State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China

More than 20 years ago,an old German man embarked on a quest to explore the suburbs of Shanghai and the villages of jiangsu Province in search of antique Chinese *** was not a mere antique collector or aficionado of ancient furmiture,but a German scientist motivated by his profound love of Chinese *** name was Uli Schwarz(Fig.1),a distinguished German scientist who had dedicated the majority of his life to promoting cross-cultural scientific exchanges,an effort that left an indelible mark on the landscape of research collaborations between China and Germany.

关键词： Schwarz German landscape

An unusual cause of myocardial infarction in an elderly man

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2024年第8期21卷 826-827页

作者： Shing ching Chiu Sun Yue Division of Cardiology Department of Medicine and GeriatricsUnited Christian HospitalHong KongChina

Cardiac involvement in eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (EPGA) is increasingly recognized,but it is unusual to be the initial *** report a case of vasculitic myocardial infarction (MI) and cardiogenic shock in an elderly man caused by EPGA.A 73-year-old man presented with acute chest pain radiating to back for two *** has a history of asthma and allergic rhinitis for more than ten years well controlled by inhaled *** electrocardiogram showed sinus rhythm,right bundle-branch block and anterolateral ST-segment *** had elevated troponin T of 548 ng/L (reference:<14 ng/L),creatine kinase of 454 IU/L (reference:39–308 IU/L)。

关键词： infarction involvement elevated

Dual-functional poly(2-methyl-2-oxazoline)/poly(2-(dimethylamine)ethyl methacrylate)mixed brushes with switchable protein adsorption and antibacterial properties

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2024年第2期66卷 19-30页

作者： kang He Liangyu Zhu Yanmei Wang CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry Department of Polymer Science and EngineeringUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China

Herein,binary mixed brushes consisting of poly(2-methyl-2-oxazoline)(PMOXA)and poly(2-(dimethylamine)ethyl methacrylate)(PDMAEMA)with different chain lengths were fabricated by successive grafting of NH_(2)-terminated PMOXA and SH-terminated PDMAEMA onto polydopamine-anchored *** mixed-brush coating was characterized by variable-angle spectroscopic ellipsometry,X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy,Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy,zeta potential measurements,water contact angle,and atomic force *** mixed brushes showed tunable surface charge,wettability,and surface roughness,depending on the degree of PDMAEMA swelling under varying pH and ionic strength(Ⅰ).Then the adsorption behaviors of pepsin,bovine serum albumin(BSA),γ-globulin,and lysozyme,four very different proteins with regard to isoelectric point,on the mixed brushes coating were studied by using fluorescence microscopy and surface plasmon *** the chain length of PDMAEMA was about twice as long as PMOXA,the mixed brushes not only had high adsorption capacity for pepsin,BSA,and y-globulin but also had a desorption efficiency of 86.9%,87.1%,and 93.5%,*** is explained that electrostatic attraction between the protonated PDMAEMA and positively charged acidic proteins(pepsin and BSA,whose isoelectric points were below the pK_(a) of PDMAEMA)would drive the intensive adsorption(at pH 3,I=10^(-3)mol·L^(-1)for pepsin,and pH 5,I=10^(-5)mol·L^(-1)for BSA),while desorption was dominated by the hydrophilic PMOXA when PDMAEMA was shrinking(at pH 7,I=10^(-1)mol·L^(-1)for pepsin,and pH 9,I=10^(-1)mol·L^(-1)for BSA).Furthermore,the isoelectric precipitation led to the adsorption of neutral protein(γ-globulin,whose isoelectric point was near the pK_a of PDMAEMA)at pH 7,I=10^(-5)mol·L^(-1),while electrostatic repulsion and antifouling PMOXA triggered the desorption of y-globulin at pH 3,I-10^(-1)mol·L^(-1).However,alkaline protein(lysozyme,whose isoelectric point was higher than

关键词： Switchable conformation transition Controllable protein adsorption Mixed brushes Isoelectric point Antibacterial surface