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Enhanced formation of trihalomethane disinfection byproducts from halobenzoquinones under combined UV/chlorine conditions

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2022年第6期16卷 109-119页

作者： he Zhao ching-Hua Huang chen Zhong Penghui Du Peizhe Sun Beijing Engineering Research Center of Process Pollution Control Division of Environment Technology and EngineeringInstitute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China School of Civil and Environmental Engineering Georgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGA 30332USA State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Integrated Surface Water-Groundwater Pollution Control School of Environmental Science and EngineeringSouthern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China School of Environmental Science and Engineering Tianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China

Halobenzoquinones(HBQs)are highly toxic disinfection byproducts(DBPs)and are also precursors of other DBPs such as trihalomethanes(THMs).The formation of THMs from HBQs during chlorine-only and UV/chlorine processes with or without bromide was investigated *** functional theory(DFT)reactivity descriptors were also applied to predict the nucleophilic/electrophilic reactive sites on HBQs and *** results were combined to explain the different behaviors of 2,6-dichloro-1,4-benzoquinone(2,6-DCBQ)and tetrachloro-1,4-benzoquinone(TCBQ)and to propose mechanism for the promoting roles of UV and hydroxylation of HBQs in THMs *** UV/chlorine,UV significantly enhanced THMs formation from 2,6-DCBQ compared to chlorine-only,mainly due to the production of OH-DCBQ^(*).Excited 2,6-DCBQ^(*)by UV benefited nucleophilic hydrolysis to produce OH-DCBQ^(*),which favored electrophilic attack by chlorine,thereby inducing more THMs ***/chlorine modestly promoted THMs formation from TCBQ compared to *** of TCBQ and UV irradiation were both important in promoting THMs formation due to the high electrophilic property of OH-TCBQ and TCBQ^(*).Meanwhile,hydroxylation of HBQs and CHCl3 formation were enhanced at higher *** work suggested that enhanced formation of THMs from HBQs should be considered in the application of combined UV and chlorine processes.

关键词： Halobenzoquinone Trihalomethane Chlorine disinfection UV irradiation Disinfection byproducts Combined UV/chlorine

CFD Simulation of a container ship in random waves using a coupled level-set and volume of fluid method

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2023年第2期35卷 222-231页

作者： Hamn-ching chen Chia-Rong chen Zachry Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationTexasUSA

The coupled level-set and volume of fluid(CLSVOF)method is an advanced interface-capturing method that has been extended to handle overset grid ***,artificial uneven interface may be observed across block boundaries of different sizes and *** present an improved inter-grid VOF interpolation and mass correction scheme to address the *** demonstrate the capability of the improved CLSVOF method,it is applied to the simulation of a container ship in pitch and heave motions under both head sea and following sea irregular wave *** simulation proves that the improved CLSVOF method is capable of revealing detailed physics difficult to see with other *** phenomena simulated in our work include the extensive greenwater propagation on the ship deck,the breakup of overtopping waves into small droplets,and the formation and collapse of air pockets in sudden bow and stern slamming which cause strong and highly localized impacts on the ship bow,stern,and rudder.

关键词： Computational fluid dynamics(CFD) couple level-set and volume of fluid(CLSVOF)method random waves overset grid system violent free surface flow bow and stern slamming

New mode of universal access and Global Memory Net

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science A(Applied Physics & Engineering) 2005年第11期6卷 1206-1215页

作者： chen ching-chih Graduate School of Library and Information Science Simmons College Boston MA 02115 USA

In this digital era, we have witness the exciting convergence of content, technology, and global collaboration in the development of digital libraries. The mode of universal access for information seeking and knowledge acquisition differs greatly fi＇om the traditional ways. From the information resources point of views, the old model of“owning” a collection has given way to “sharing,” and the new emphases have shifted fi＇om possessing large “physical libraries” to “virtual libraries” digitally distributed all over the world. “Universal access” has taken on a very different meaning when one has the ability to share invaluable resources through the use of cutting edge technologies. The author has experienced much of these transformations through her own R＆D activities-from the creation of interactive videodisc and multimedia CD on the First Emperor of China＇s terracotta warriors and horses in the 1980s and 1990s to leading a current international digital library project, Global Memory Net （GMNet）, supported by the US National Science Foundation. In presenting her vision for linking world digital resources together for universal access, she will share with the audience the latest development of Global Memory Net.

关键词： Global Memory Net (GMNet) Collaboration Digital library Digital image library system development Management system Cultural Historical heritage collections NSF Intemational digital library PITAC Global Collaboration

From demand response to transactive energy: state of the art

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2017年第1期5卷 10-19页

作者： Sijie chen chen-ching LIU Washington State University Pullman WA 99163 USA Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240 China

This paper reviews the state of the art of research and industry practice on demand response and the new methodology of transactive energy. Demand response programs incentivize consumers to align their demand with power supply conditions, enhancing power system reliability and economic operation. The design of demand response programs, performance of pilot projects and programs, consumer behaviors, and barriers are *** energy is a variant and a generalized form of demand response in that it manages both the supply and demand sides. It is intended for a changing environment with an increasing number of distributed resources and intelligent devices. It utilizes the flexibility of various generation/load resources to maintain a dynamic balance of supply and demand. These distributed resources are controlled by their owners. However, the design of transaction mechanisms should align the individual behaviors with the interests of the entire system. Transactive energy features real-time, autonomous, and decentralized decision *** transition from demand response to transactive energy is also discussed.

关键词： Demand response Incentive-based program Price-based program Direct load control Transactive energy

Achieving a sub-10 nm nanopore array in silicon by metal-assisted chemical etching and machine learning

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International Journal of Extreme Manufacturing 2021年第3期3卷 84-93页

作者： Yun chen Yanhui chen Junyu Long Dachuang Shi Xin chen Maoxiang Hou Jian Gao Huilong Liu Yunbo he Bi Fan ching-Ping Wong Ni Zhao State Key Laboratory of Precision Electronic Manufacturing Technology and Equipment School of Electromechnical EngineeringGuangdong University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510006People’s Republic of China School of Engineering The Chinese University of Hong KongShatinHong Kong Guangdong ADA Intelligent Equipment Ltd Foshan 510006People’s Republic of China Institute of Business Analysis and Supply Chain Management College of ManagementShenzhen UniversityShenzhenPeople’s Republic of China School of Materials Science and Engineering Georgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGA 30332United States of America

Solid-state nanopores with controllable pore size and morphology have huge application ***,it has been very challenging to process sub-10 nm silicon nanopore arrays with high efficiency and high quality at low *** this study,a method combining metal-assisted chemical etching and machine learning is proposed to fabricate sub-10 nm nanopore arrays on silicon wafers with various dopant types and *** a SVM algorithm,the relationship between the nanopore structures and the fabrication conditions,including the etching solution,etching time,dopant type,and concentration,was modeled and experimentally *** on this,a processing parameter window for generating regular nanopore arrays on silicon wafers with variable doping types and concentrations was *** proposed machine-learning-assisted etching method will provide a feasible and economical way to process high-quality silicon nanopores,nanostructures,and devices.

关键词： sub-10 nm silicon nanopore array metal-assisted chemical etching silica-coated gold nanoparticles self-assembly machine learning

New technique:Detection and location of partial discharge in cast-resin dry-type transformers using a waveguide and a new acoustic emission sensor pair design

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science C(Computers and Electronics) 2011年第4期12卷 345-350页

作者： ching-chau SU Jiann-fuh chen Department of Electrical Engineering National Cheng Kung University

The acoustic emission (AE) method could be used to detect and locate partial discharges (PD) in cast-resin dry-type ***,due to the high sound attenuation in the filled epoxy,the signal is prone to interference from external noises and thus,in practice,there is little possibility of detecting *** this study,two techniques were developed to alleviate the shortcomings of the AE ***,a waveguide is installed on the high-voltage (HV) windings,so that the acoustic signals of PD will propagate to the AE sensors that are installed on both terminals of the *** location of the winding that has PD can then be detected from the difference in arrival time of the acoustic *** results indicate that the waveguide technique is able to enhance the safety of a measurement system and offers the advantages of easy installation and higher ***,a specially designed AE sensor pair is used to distinguish whether acoustic signals are generated by PD inside the HV winding or by the corona outside the *** these two techniques of waveguide and AE sensor pair not only greatly improves sensitivity but also increases the reliability of the measurement *** test results show that the new techniques can be used to locate precisely the PD in HV windings.

关键词： Partial discharge Acoustic emission Cast-resin dry-type transformer Waveguide Acoustic emission sensors

Effects of intravascular laser phototherapy on delayed neurological sequelae after carbon monoxide intoxication as evaluated by brain perfusion imaging:A case report and review of the literature

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2021年第13期9卷 3048-3055页

作者： Chuan-ching Liu Chun-Sheng Hsu Hsin-chen he Yuan-Yang cheng Shin-Tsu Chang Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Taichung Veterans General HospitalTaichung 407Taiwan Department of Public health and Institute of Public health Chung Shan Medical UniversityTaichung 402Taiwan Department of Rehabilitation Science Jenteh Junior College of MedicineNursing and ManagementMiaoli 356Taiwan School of Medicine National Yang-Ming UniversityTaipei 112Taiwan Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology Taichung Veterans General HospitalTaichung 407Taiwan Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Tri-Service General HospitalSchool of MedicineNational Defense Medical CenterTaipei 114Taiwan

BACKGROUND Delayed neurological sequelae(DNS)caused by carbon monoxide(CO)intoxication poses considerable treatment challenges for clinical *** this report,we used nuclear medicine imaging and the Mini-Mental State Examination(MMSE)to evaluate the effectiveness of intravascular laser irradiation of blood(ILIB)therapy for the management of *** SUMMARY A 51-year-old woman presented to our medical center experiencing progressive bradykinesia,rigidity of limbs,gait disturbance,and cognitive *** on her neurological deficits,laboratory tests and imaging findings,the patient was diagnosed with delayed neurological sequelae of CO *** received intensive rehabilitation and ILIB therapy during 30 sessions over 2 mo after *** single-photon emission computed tomography was performed both prior to and after ILIB *** original hypoperfusion area in bilateral striata,bilateral frontal lobe,right parietal lobe,and bilateral cerebellum showed considerable improvement after completion of *** patient’s MMSE score also increased markedly from 6/30 to 25/*** of DNS became barely detectable,and the woman was able to carry out her daily living activities *** ILIB therapy could facilitate recovery from delayed neurological sequelae in patients with CO intoxication,as demonstrated by improved cerebral blood flow and functional outcomes in our patient.

关键词： Carbon monoxide poisoning Delayed neurological sequelae Intravascular laser irradiation of blood Redistribution Single photon emission computed tomography Case report

Out of sight, out of mind: a distance-aware forgetting strategy for adaptive random testing

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2017年第9期60卷 78-98页

作者： chengying MAO Tsong Yueh chen Fei-ching KUO School of Software and Communication Engineering Jiangxi University of Finance and Economics Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering Swinburne University of Technology

Adaptive random testing(ART) achieves better failure-detection effectiveness than random testing by increasing the diversity of test cases. However, the intention of ensuring even spread of test cases inevitably causes an overhead problem. Although two basic forgetting strategies(i.e. random forgetting and consecutive retention) were proposed to reduce the computation cost of ART, they only considered the temporal distribution of test cases. In the paper, we presented a distance-aware forgetting strategy for the fixed size candidate set version of ART(DF-FSCS), in which the spatial distribution of test cases is taken into consideration. For a given candidate, the test cases out of its "sight" are ignored to reduce the distance computation cost. At the same time, the dynamic adjustment for partitioning and the second-round forgetting are adopted to ensure the linear complexity of DF-FSCS algorithm. Both simulation analysis and empirical study are employed to investigate the efficiency and effectiveness of DF-FSCS. The experimental results show that DF-FSCS significantly outperforms the classical ART algorithm FSCS-ART in efficiency, and has comparable failure-detection effectiveness. Compared with two basic forgetting methods, DF-FSCS is better in both efficiency and effectiveness. In contrast with a typical linear-time ART algorithm RBCVT-Fast, our algorithm requires less computational overhead and exhibits the similar failure-detection capability. In addition, DF-FSCS has more reliable performance than RBCVT-Fast in detecting failures for the programs with high-dimensional input domain.

关键词： adaptive random testing software testing test cases computational overhead diversity

Global Memory Net and the development of digital image information management system: Experience and practice

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science A(Applied Physics & Engineering) 2005年第11期6卷 1216-1220页

作者： ZHANG Sheng-qiang chen ching-chih Library Sichuan University Chengdu 610064 China Graduate School of Library and Information Science Simmons College Boston MA 02115 USA

Global Memory Net (GMNet) is intended to be an effective gateway to the world cultural, historical, and heritage image collections from selected academic educational and research partners in the world. Much of these unique collections of great value to education and research are not currently accessible due to distance, form, and technical barriers. This project is to find new ways to enable users to access and exploit these significant research collections via global network. As GMNet is ending its first 5-year phase in October 2005, it has contributed substantially to the community building in digital library development by ac- commodating numerous collaborators and technical staff from various parts of the world to spend 3 to 5 months as a full-member of the GMNet team in Boston. They have come from different parts of China—such as Sichuan, Hainan, Shanghai and Xi’an; Croatia; and Hanoi, Vietnam. In addition to contribute to the overall system development and enhancement of system function- alities, they have brought valuable sample image collections of their own institutions/countries, and actually developed prototype collections as a part of GMNet. This paper describes the exciting and productive experience of the first of this visiting research group in developing the GMNet’s Version 2.0 PHP-based system under Prof. chen’s overall supervision. It also describes both the system’s technical level structure—user/Web-based application/data, and complex functionalities with multi-collection, multi-lingual, multi-modal searching capabilities; system management capabilities; as well as provisions for user uploads and retrieval for our own projects. This Version 2.0 system is built on the Linux/Apache/PHP/MySQL platform. What is described in this paper is an actual case which has formed a base for further new development by others in the research group. It demonstrates fully the value of the synergistic collaboration among global partners for universal digital library

关键词： Global Memory Net (GMNet) Collaboration Digital image library system development Management system Cultural Historical heritage collections