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Drop Factor and Infusion Dose Calculation Discrepancies among Nurses in Southern Nigeria: A Cross-Sectional Study

Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2023年第9期11卷 52-62页

作者： chinemerem eleke Ifeyinwa S. Agu Sabinah Ngbala-Okpabi Joy C. Samuel Esther N. Bempong-eleke Department of Maternal and Child Health World Bank Africa Centre of Excellence for Public Health and Toxicological Research University of Port Harcourt Port Harcourt Nigeria Department of Nursing Science University of Port Harcourt Port Harcourt Nigeria Department of Nursing Science Abia State University Uturu Nigeria

Nurses must deliver infusions as prescribed since too slow or fast a dose could be deleterious to patients. Nurses experience challenges with infusion dose calculations, making them vulnerable to errors. The research team examined drop factor and infusion dose calculation discrepancies among nurses in southern Nigeria. Five university teaching hospitals were involved in this cross-sectional study conducted in 2019. To establish the drop factor of commonly available macro drip sets, the team randomly sourced 25 macro drip sets from the hospitals’ pharmacies. A sample of 291 nurses was selected using a proportionate random sampling technique. The team collected data using the Adult Infusion Dose Calculation Quiz and analyzed it at a 5% significance level. Twenty (80%) of the sampled macro drip sets displayed a drop factor value of 20 drops per milliliter (gtt/ml) on their packaging. When measured experimentally, 25 (100%) of the macro drip sets delivered exactly 20 gtt/ml. Only 36 (12.4%) respondents calculated macro drip infusion doses using the correct drop factor of 20 gtt/ml. Non-attendance of infusion administration training updates significantly increased the risk of error by 38% (p ≤ 0.001). In conclusion, the drop factor of macro drip sets used in southern Nigeria is 20 gtt/ml;nurses were prone to infusing patients at a lower dose than prescribed. Special training in infusion therapy might remedy this concern.

关键词： Adult Infusions Intravenous Pharmacies Nigeria

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Beta-HCG Levels and Ovarian Ultrasonography Results among Non-Pregnant Women of Reproductive Age in Port Harcourt, Nigeria: A Cross-Sectional Study

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2024年第5期12卷 233-241页

作者： Celine C. Agonsi Francis Anacletus Joel Aluko chinemerem eleke Joy C. Samuel African Centre of Public Health and Toxicological Research (ACE-PUTOR) University of Port Harcourt Choba Nigeria Department of Nursing Science University of Port Harcourt Choba Nigeria

Background: Certain ovarian cancers that were previously common in postmenopausal women are now increasingly observed in women of reproductive age. The research on using β-HCG as a diagnostic biomarker for ovarian cancer in women of reproductive age is ongoing. Aim: This study assessed the level of serum β-HCG in non-pregnant women of reproductive age and determined its potential association with suspicious ovarian ultrasonography results. Methods: The study was conducted in Port Harcourt, Nigeria. This study adopted a cross-sectional design on a quota sample of 224 case notes of women aged 18 - 40 years obtained from eight diagnostic centres. A data extraction form was used for data collection. Data analysis employed descriptive statistics, Chi-square, Fisher’s exact test, and Odds Ratio at 95% confidence and 5% significance levels. Results: About 5.8% of the participants exhibited detectable levels of serum β-HCG above 5 IU/L (World Health Organization reference) at a mean concentration of 5.87 (±1.75) IU/L. About 4.0% of the participants had suspicious ovarian lesions identified through ultrasonography. Participants with elevated serum β-HCG levels above the WHO reference were 59 times more likely to have suspicious ovarian lesions (Odds ratio: 59.4, 95%CI: 12.3 - 287.8, p β-HCG level and age (p = 0.041) as well as parity (p Conclusion: Serum β-HCG levels above the WHO reference in non-pregnant women were associated with suspicious ovarian lesions. More rigorous primary research, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses are needed to confirm the findings of this study.

关键词： Biomarkers Ovarian Cancer Pregnancy Ultrasonography

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Investigation of a solid particle deposition velocity in drag reducing fluids with salinity

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Petroleum Research 2024年第3期9卷 347-358页

作者： chinemerem Obi Mohammad Azizur Rahman Ibrahim Hassan Rashid Hasan Texas A&MUniversity Qatar Texas A&M University CsCollege StationUSA

Optimal and cost-effective drilling operations in extended-reach horizontal wells depend on efficient solid cuttings removal from the *** solids-suspended multiphase processes such as crude petroleum transportation,separation,and processing of oil and gas streams also require the efficient removal of these *** terminal settling velocity(Vts)of the solid particle is a vital parameter that controls the removal efficiency of these *** a drilling scenario when there is a hold on fluid cir-culation such as connection time,the accurate estimation of Vs provides the driller with time available to prevent solid *** severe conditions,this can result in a stuck pipe,especially for extended-reach horizontal *** this work,both spherical and non-spherical particle deposition were experi-mentally investigated in several fluid rheology and *** concentrations(0.1 vol%and 0.05 vol%.)of partially-hydrolyzed polyacrylamide(PHPA)were used as a drag-reducing additive for water-based drilling *** PHPA drag-reducing fluid(reduced pressure loss)acts as a turbulence *** PHPA polymer chain suppresses any turbulence in the flow,reducing the turbulent eddy *** effects of salinity(3 wt.%Nacl and 3 wt.%CaCl_(2) contamination)on solid particle settling velocity(Vs)in drag-reducing fluids were also *** velocity was achieved for all experiments and seemed to increase with increased diameter/***,cases when this trend was not consistent were observed and therefore a new parameter of@(sphericity index×diameter)was pro-posed.V,increases with Q value for all *** drilling,PHPA also aids in sealing the fracture in the *** and without salt in the fluid,how lowering drag affected the settling velocity of solid particles(drill cuttings)could be *** settling velocity tests will be improved in drag-reducing PHPA solutions with the knowledge from this study.

关键词： Deposition velocity Drag reducingfluids Salinity Visualization Drilling

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An improved model for severe slugging stability criteria in offshore pipeline-riser systems

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Petroleum Research 2022年第3期7卷 318-328页

作者： Adesina Fadairo chinemerem Obi Kegang Ling Vamegh Rasouli Olumuyiwa Aboaba Olumide Gbadamosi Department of Petroleum Engineering University of North DakotaUnited States Department of Petroleum Engineering University of Texas A&MUnited States Schlumberger Oifield Services Nigeria Repsol NorgeAs Norway

Flow assurance has been a major challenge in petroleum production systems especially in offshore operations where severe slugging is a dominant aching *** is characterized by pulsating flow behavior which impacts the reservoir productivity,pipeline-riser systems,and surface facilities(separator).The only means so far,of delivering reservoir fluids from offshore wells to the separator at the surface is by pipeline-riser systems where slugging is most prominent and oftentimes *** passive and active measures have been deployed over time to mitigate the associated problem,there is the need to develop a predictive tool for mitigating offshore slugging in the riser *** study involves the use of a model and analysis approach to eliminate severe slugging based on the balance of forces acting on the pipeline-riser *** stability criteria which consider accumulation and frictional pressure drops have been *** current approach is solely physicsdriven,to predict the corresponding liquid and gas velocities at which the fluctuations would be severe when producing multiphase fluids through pipeline-riser *** balancing the forces acting on a riser-pipeline system and accounting for frictional and accumulation effects,two hydraulic flow modeling approaches have been used in this study to improve the criteria for predicting the condition of severe *** developed criteria were computed using MATLAB/Simulink and a severe slugging flow map was ***“new study 1”and“new study 2”showed a 16%and 13%increase respectively in predicted unstable cases than the Malekzadeh *** criteria were tested at different separator *** Taitel and Jansen criteria could not predict severe slugging at elevated separator ***,the developed flow maps using the“new study 1”are more reliable than the“new study 2”.This is because the“new study 2”approach over defines the physics of severe *** cr

关键词： Severeslugging Stability criteria Offshore Pipeline-Riser systems

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Occurrence and distribution of pharmaceuticals in surface water and sediment of Buffalo and Sundays River estuaries, South Africa and their ecological risk assessment

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Emerging Contaminants 2021年第1期7卷 187-195页

作者： chinemerem Ruth Ohoro Abiodun Olagoke Adeniji Lucy Semerjian Omobola Oluranti Okoh Anthony Ifeanyi Okoh SAMRC Microbial Water Quality Monitoring Centre University of Fort HareAlice5700South Africa Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry University of Fort HareAlice5700South Africa Applied and Environmental Microbiology Research Group Department of Biochemistry and MicrobiologyUniversity of Fort HareAlice5700South Africa Department of Chemistry and Chemical Technology National University of LesothoP.O.180RomaLesotho Department of Environmental Health Sciences College of Health SciencesUniversity of SharjahSharjahUnited Arab Emirates

This study investigated the presence of pharmaceuticals in the water and sediment of Buffalo and Sundays River Estuary,South *** for water and sediment samples was achieved with solidphase extraction and ultrasonic extraction methods,*** of the target analytes was done with *** pH of surface water in all the sampling sites(8.18-10.1)were above the WHO guideline(6.5).A good correlation was observed between the concentrations of analytes with organic matter and organic *** showed that carbamazepine exhibited the highest concentration(8.75±1.45 mg/kg)of all the pharmaceuticals,while trimethoprim has the highest detection frequency with the highest concentration of 1.62±0.83 mg/kg in the sediment *** was below the detection limit in both *** risk quotients revealed that carbamazepine and trimethoprim could be of potential risk,while caffeine may pose a very low risk to the aquatic organisms *** monitoring of the runoff entering Buffalo Estuary is required,being the point of discharge of Buffalo River to the Indian ***,the domestic waste discharge from residences in the surroundings of Sundays Estuary should be monitored.

关键词： Pharmaceuticals Estuaries Physicochemical parameters Risk assessment Contamination source Correlation

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伊博语与汉语否定句对比研究及教学策略

伊博语与汉语否定句对比研究及教学策略

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作者： NWAKUBA LINDA chinemerem（秦蕊）西南大学

学位级别：硕士

否定是人类语言所共有的语法一语义范畴,否定无论是在汉语还是伊博语中都处于重要的地位,通过否定的研究,我们可以较好地了解汉语和伊博语两种语言的主要特点,尤其是认识汉语的特点。对比是语言研究的重要方法。本文采用对比研究的方法... 详细信息

否定是人类语言所共有的语法一语义范畴,否定无论是在汉语还是伊博语中都处于重要的地位,通过否定的研究,我们可以较好地了解汉语和伊博语两种语言的主要特点,尤其是认识汉语的特点。对比是语言研究的重要方法。本文采用对比研究的方法调查汉语和伊博语中的否定范畴,并在对比的基础上探讨本研究对于对外汉语否定句教学的启示。本文通过课堂练习、作业本以及学生测试获取以伊博为母语的汉语学习者的汉语否定句掌握情况,并对其进行归纳分析。论文的第一章为绪论部分。本章首先回顾了前人的否定词和否定句的研究成果,指出本文的研究依据;介绍本文所采用的研究理论和方法;对否定和否定句的概念进行界定。论文的第二章主要描述汉语和伊博语的否定词标志和否定类型。分别归纳出两个汉语和伊博语的否定句类型,即:一般否定和祈使否定。第三章分析了伊博学习者的偏误,然后对其提出教师的教学策略和学生的学习策略。论文的第五章是全文的总结,对汉语和伊博语否定句的各个特点进行比较和总结,提出本文研究中存在的问题和不足,以及一些待解决的问题。

关键词：否定句偏误教学策略伊博学生对比研究

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Port Service Quality Study of Nigerian Sea Ports

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Journal of Shipping and Ocean Engineering 2017年第2期7卷 59-64页

作者： Chinedum Onyemechi Azubuike Chibuzo Amanze chinemerem Igboanusi Abiodun Sule Dept. of Maritime Management Technology Federal University of Technology Owerri P.M.B 1526 Owerri Imo State Nigeria Dept. of Transport Management Technology Federal University of Technology Owerri P.M.B 1526 Owerri Imtoo State Nigeria Federal College of Fisheries and Marine Technology Victoria Island 2 Wilmot Point Road Off Ahmadu Bello Way P.M.B. 80063Victoria Island Lagos Nigeria

This study is focused on service quality assessment in the Nigerian ports with Westem and Eastern port zones as study areas. It discovered the level of satisfaction derived by port users by evaluating expectations and perceptions at the ports using some selected analysis tools to test raised hypothesis. This evaluation was based on the service quality model as developed by Parasuraman within the core dimensions of Empathy, Responsiveness, Tangibles, Reliability and Assurance. The attributes of expectations and perceptions raised within these dimensions were addressed with two hypotheses. H1 （Hypothesis one） and H2 （Hypothesis two） were addressed with the results of Factor Analysis which identified the significance port users attach to service quality dimensions and their respective attributes.

关键词： Service quality port expectation perception.

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A Business Ecosystem＇s Model for Harnessing Nigeria＇s Ocean Economy

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Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering 2017年第5期5卷 279-284页

作者： Chinedum Onyemechi Theophilus Chinonyerem Nwokedi Okechukwu Okeke chinemerem Igboanusi Chigozie Uzoma Odumodu David Chikwendu Department of Maritime Management Technology Federal University of Technology Owerri P.M.B 1526 Owerri Nigeria Department of Transport Management Technology Federal University of Technology Owerri P.M.B 1526 Owerri Nigeria Graduate School University of Strathclyde 16 Richmond Street Glasgow G1 1XQ UK Graduate School University of Leeds Woodhouse Lane Leeds LS2 9JT UK

The reassessment of ocean economy contribution of nations has become a new strategy for frontier states adjacent to the coastal region for the improvement of their position in the efficiency frontier curve. The continuity of a coastal state to remain a leader in the production and efficiency frontier curve of modem day development will thus depend on their ability to sustainably develop their most strategic economic resource base such as the ocean economy. The major economic bases include sustainable fishing, offshore oil field developments, offshore biodiversity development and marine biotechnology, offshore mining of manganese nodules, offshore wind farm potentials, international shipping （marine transport） and adjoining corridor development, ship dry docking potentials, marine renewable energy as well as other potentials outlined in the definition of African Union strategy for the development of her blue economy. Adopting the regression analysis and analysis of variance analytical tools, the study found that about 90% association exist between the GDP （gross domestic product） of the West African state （Nigeria） and her GDP. It equally found that offshore oil and gas energy sector more significantly impact on the GDP of Nigeria than other ocean economy business clusters. Given the various contributing marine environment business cluster used in the work, the model depicting the influence of the ocean economy of Nigeria is： Y = 2295334779895 - 294733（1 ＋ 3436995749 - 59276863（2 ＋ e.

关键词： Blue economy diamond cluster model exclusive economic zone strategic management sustainable fishing offshore oiland gas.

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Modelling of Pre-Sex Selection: An Effective Method for Family Planning and Control of Overpopulation

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Open Journal of Optimization 2021年第2期10卷 29-46页

作者： Harrison O. Amuji Cecilia N. Aronu Obioma G. Onukwube chinemerem Igboanusi Department of Statistics Federal University of Technology Owerri Owerri Nigeria Department of Environmental Health Science Nnamdi Azikiwe University Awka Nigeria Department of Transport Management Technology University of Technology Owerri Owerri Nigeria

Every couple would want to have balanced sex of babies and a given number of children. But in reality, most couples do not achieve it. Some end up bearing particular sex of baby, this has caused a lot of pressure and untold hardship for couples. In Nigeria, the preference for a son is so strong that any family that does not have a son does not belong. The reason for the preference is mainly for economic and continuation of family lineage. Inability to bear the desired sex of a baby makes couples bear more children than they could cater for. This has caused poverty, overpopulation and reduces life expectancy for many families in Nigeria. In this paper, we have developed a model that will help couples select the desired sex of their babies and avoid unwanted pregnancies. The method is easy to apply whether educated or not. The application of the method will help to reduce family-based violence due to imbalanced sex of babies.

关键词： Sex Determination Ovulation Safe Period Interval Estimator Dispersion Matrix

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Histopathological Evaluation of the Cardiotoxicity of Dihydroartemisinin-Piperaquine on Male Albino Rats

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2023年第12期11卷 69-76页

作者： Ramson chinemerem Achilefu Ugonma Kendra Jumbo Daniel Chukwudi Oti Christian Kelechi Agwaraonye Ozioma Pricilla Okezie Wendy Chidera Anyanwu Department of Medical Laboratory Science Abia State University Uturu Nigeria Department of Laboratory Services University of Uyo Teaching Hospital Uyo Nigeria

Problem Statement: Malaria’s global impact necessitates effective treatments, like dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine (DHA/PQP), though safety concerns, notably drug-induced cardiotoxicity (DICT), persist. A knowledge gap exists regarding DHA/PQP’s cardiac effects, warranting a comprehensive investigation. Approach: This study aimed to assess KROSH (DHA/PQP) impact on albino rat heart histology, examining structural changes and potential cardiotoxicity. 40 albino rats were grouped by KROSH dosage and duration, monitored for weight changes, and heart tissues were examined using hematoxylin and eosin (H & E) staining. Statistical analysis compared to control and treated groups. Results: KROSH administration led to varying rat weight effects, yet not statistically significant. Histological analysis revealed dose and duration-dependent cardiac tissue alterations, including distortion, adipose deposits, artery hypertrophy, fibrosis, and necrosis. These contrasts with prior research documenting DHA/PQP’s non-toxic effects. Conclusion/Recommendation: This study highlights potential KROSH (DHA/PQP) cardiotoxicity concerns through histological changes, underscoring the need for further research into underlying mechanisms and human health implications. Given DHA/PQP’s wide use, these findings should inform safety evaluations and administration practices.

关键词： Dihydroartemisinin-Piperaquine Histopathological Evaluation Cardiac Muscles Albino Rats

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