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冶金科技译丛 1989年第1期 48-56页

作者： chihiro 阎军

Analyses of fear memory in Arc/Arg3.1-deficient mice: intact short-term memory and impaired long-term and remote memory

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World Journal of Neuroscience 2011年第1期1卷 1-8页

作者： Kazuyuki Yamada chihiro Homma Kentaro Tanemura Toshio Ikeda Shigeyoshi Itohara Yoshiko Nagaoka 不详

Activity-regulated cytoskeleton-associated protein (Arc/Arg3.1) was originally identified in patients with seizures. It is densely distributed in the hip-pocampus and amygdala in particular. Because the expression of Arc/Arg3.1 is regulated by nerve in-puts, it is thought to be an immediate early gene. As shown both in vitro and in vivo, Arc/Arg3.1 is in-volved in synaptic consolidation and regulates some forms of learning and memory in rats and mice [1,2]. Furthermore, a recent study suggests that Arc/Arg3.1 may play a significant role in signal transmission via AMPA-type glutamate receptors [3-5]. Therefore, we conducted a detailed analysis of fear memory in Arc/Arg3.1-deficient mice. As previously reported, the knockout animals exhib-ited impaired fear memory in both contextual and cued test situations. Although Arc/Arg3.1-deficient mice showed almost the same performance as wild-type littermates 4 hr after a conditioning trial, their performance was impaired in the retention test after 24 hr or longer, either with or without reconsolidation. Immunohistochemical analyses showed an abnormal density of GluR1 in the hip-pocampus of Arc/Arg3.1-deficient mice;however, an application of AMPA potentiator did not improve memory performance in the mutant mice. Memory impairment in Arc/Arg3.1-deficient mice is so ro-bust that the mice provide a useful tool for devel-oping treatments for memory impairment.

关键词： Activity-Regulated Cytoskeleton-Associated Protein (Arc/Arg3.1) Knockout (Ko) Mouse Short- Term Memory Long-Term Memory Reconsolidation Ampa Receptor

Glioblastoma without Remarkable Contrast Enhancement on Magnetic Resonance Imaging

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International Journal of Clinical Medicine 2012年第6期3卷 439-445页

作者： Satoshi Utsuki Hidehiro Oka Yoshiteru Miyajima chihiro Kijima Yoshie Yasui Kiyotaka Fujii Department of Neurosurgery Kitasato University School of Medicine Sagamihara Japan

This is the report of a histological and clinical investigation of 4 cases of glioblastoma, a rare tumor, in whom poor contrast enhancement of the tumor was visualized on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Among the 94 patients with first-occurrence glioblastoma treated between January 2000 and August 2011, 4 were enrolled in this retrospective study. There were 2 men and 2 women, ranging in age from 41 to 70 years (mean, 57 years). All the patients underwent tumor resection, postoperative irradiation, and chemotherapy. One died of local tumor recurrence after 36 months;the remaining three remain alive as of 25 to 72 months after the initial treatment. The histopathology was glioblastoma with nuclear pleomorphism and pseudopalisading necrosis in all cases. However, the typical vascular endothelial proliferation was not found in 3 cases. All glioblastomas were immunopositive for p53 and immunonegative for epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1). These glioblastomas showing unclear contrast enhancement on MRI had similar clinical and pathological characteristics, but differed in characteristics from glioblastoma patients showing marked contrast enhancement of the tumor on MRI.

关键词： Enhancement Effect Glioblastoma EGFR IDH1 p53 Secondary Glioblastoma

A Transient Fear Reduction by Pair-Exposure with a Non-Fearful Partner during Fear Extinction Independent from Corticosterone Level in Mice

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Journal of Behavioral and Brain Science 2013年第5期3卷 415-421页

作者： Haruna Tomizawa Daisuke Matsuzawa Shingo Matsuda Daisuke Ishii chihiro Sutoh Eiji Shimizu Department of Cognitive Behavioral Physiology Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine Chiba Japan Department of Cognitive Behavioral Physiology Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine Chiba Japan Research Center for Child Mental Development Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine Chiba Japan Department of Cognitive Behavioral Physiology Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine Chiba Japan Research Fellow of the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science Tokyo Japan Research Center for Child Mental Development Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine Chiba Japan

Social interaction is known to alter behavior and emotional responses to various events. It has been reported that when fear-conditioned animals are put in a fear extinction paradigm with non-fearful conspecifics (pair-exposure), freezing behavior decreases compared to a solitary situation. However, it remains unclear whether pair-exposure during fear extinction is persistently effective in reducing the freezing response. In this study, we examined whether the effect of pair-exposure could be persistently effective on cued and contextual fear extinction. The reduction of the fear compared to the solitary condition was transiently observed only in the cued fear extinction with no difference in the subsequent recall session. We also found that the correlation between corticosterone levels and freezing behavior during extinction was disrupted in the pair-exposure situation. These results suggest that pair-exposure reduces freezing behavior in cued fear extinction, although this fear response reduction is not persistent. The pair-exposure changed an association between corticosterone levels and freezing behavior during extinction.

关键词： Social Buffering Pair-Exposure Fear Extinction Corticosterone

Effectiveness of early colonoscopy in patients with colonic diverticular hemorrhage:A single-center retrospective cohort study

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy 2022年第12期14卷 759-768页

作者： Chikamasa Ichita Sayuri Shimizu Akiko Sasaki chihiro Sumida Takashi Nishino Karen Kimura Department of Gastroenterology Medicine Center Shonan Kamakura General HospitalKamakura 247-8533KanagawaJapan Department of Health Data Science Yokohama City UniversityYokohama 236-0027KanagawaJapan

BACKGROUND Current guidelines recommend colonoscopy within 24 h for acute lower gastrointestinal bleeding;however,the evidence in support for colonic diverticular hemorrhage(CDH)indications remains *** To investigate the effectiveness of early colonoscopy on the length of hospital stay for CDH *** We conducted a single-center retrospective cohort *** who underwent colonoscopy within 24 h of presentation(early group)were compared with those who underwent colonoscopy beyond 24 h of presentation(elective group).The primary outcome was the length of hospital stay,and secondary outcomes were the identification of stigmata of recent hemorrhage(SRH),rebleeding,red blood cell transfusion more than 4 units,and interventional radiology and abdominal surgery after *** We identified 574 CDH *** were divided into the early(n=328)and elective(n=226)*** propensity score matching,191 pairs were *** length of hospital stay did not significantly differ between the two groups(early group vs elective group;median,7 vs 8 d;P=0.10).The early group had a significantly high identification of SRH(risk difference,11.6%;95%CI:2.7 to 20.3;P=0.02).No significant differences were found in the rebleeding(risk difference,4.7%;95%CI:-4.1 to 13.5;P=0.35),red blood cell transfusion more than 4 units(risk difference,1.6%;95%CI:-7.5 to 10.6;P=0.82),and interventional radiology and abdominal surgery rate after colonoscopy(risk difference,0.5%;95%CI:-2.2 to 3.2;P=1.00).CONCLUSION Early colonoscopy within 24 h,on arrival for CDH,could not improve the length of hospital stay.

关键词： Colonic diverticular hemorrhage Colonic diverticular bleeding Diverticular hemorrhage Diverticular bleeding Early colonoscopy Colonoscopy

A Comparison of Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figure Test Scores: With/Without Mouthpiece and with/without Noise

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World Journal of Neuroscience 2017年第3期7卷 282-292页

作者： Masako Notoya Katsumi Inoue Ai Hirabayashi Kana Sakamoto chihiro Sasaguchi Minoru Toyama Department of Speech and Hearing Sciences and Disorders Kyoto Gakuen University Kyoto Japan Graduate School of Medical Sciences College of Medical Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences Kanazawa University Ishikawa Japan Asanogawa Hospital Kanazawa Japan Saiseikai Hospital Kanazawa Japan Hikone Chuo Hospital Shiga Japan

In the present study, the ROCF test was initially conducted involving 30 healthy young individuals, in a quiet environment as Experiment 1 to examine variations in the score among different methods to memorize the figure. In such an environment, no significant differences were observed in the score between the copying and outer speech groups, which suggested the possibility of some of the former groups having used outer speech in a voice too low to be heard or moving their lips without vocalization, achieving the same effect as outer speech, and consequently leading to the absence of differences from the outer speech group. On the other hand, the score markedly varied between the mouthpiece and copying or outer speech groups. As lip movements were suppressed in the former case, the unconscious use of outer speech was also prevented, possibly leading to poor results. Based on these findings, it may be possible to enhance the effects of rehabilitation in a clinical setting by promoting patients’ memorization using outer speech to vocalize the contents of training.

关键词： ROCF Test Promotion Visual Memory Outer Speech

The Efficacy of Microcurrent Therapy on Eccentric Contraction-Induced Muscle Damage in Rat Fast-Twitch Skeletal Muscle

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Open Journal of Applied Sciences 2018年第3期8卷 89-102页

作者： Yosuke Hiroshige Daiki Watanabe chihiro Aibara Keita Kanzaki Satoshi Matsunaga Masanobu Wada Department of Physical Education Faculty of Physical Education International Pacific University Okayama-shi Japan Graduate School of Integrated Arts and Sciences Hiroshima University Higashihiroshima-shi Japan Research Fellow of Japan Society for the Promotion of Science Department of Clinical Nutrition Faculty of Health Science and Technology Kawasaki University of Medical Welfare Kurashiki-shi Japan Faculty of Education University of Miyazaki Miyazaki-shi Japan

Microcurrent (MC) therapy, in which a very small electric current is applied to the body, has widely been used to promote tissue healing and relieve symptoms. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of MC treatment on eccentric contraction (ECC)-induced muscle damage in rat fast-twitch skeletal muscles. Tibialis anterior muscles underwent 200 repeated ECCs in situ and were then stimulated (25 μA, 0.3 Hz) for 20 min (MC treatment). MC treatment was performed immediately after ECC and during a recovery period of 3 days (a total of 4 times). Three days after ECC, the muscles were excised and used for measure of force output and for biochemical analyses. In MC-treated muscles, tetanic forces at 20 Hz and 100 Hz were partially and fully restored, respectively, whereas in non-treated muscles, both forces remained depressed. Biochemical analyses revealed that MC treatment partially or completely inhibited ECC-induced reductions: in 1) the Ca2+-release function of sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR), 2) proteolysis of ryanodine receptor, a Ca2+ release channel of SR, and 3) myosin ATPase activity. On the other hand, MC treatment was unable to lessen increases in the activity of calpain, a cytosolic, Ca2+-activated neutral protease. These results indicate that MC treatment results in beneficial effects, such as restoration of muscle performance following ECC, although the precise mechanisms are still unknown at this time.

关键词： Ryanodine Receptor Sarcoplasmic Reticulum SERCA Myosin ATPase

Numerical Simulation of Countercurrent Flow in a PWR Hot Leg by Using Two-Fluid Model

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Journal of Energy and Power Engineering 2013年第7期7卷 1215-1222页

作者： Michio Murase Yoichi Utanohara chihiro Yanagi Takashi Takata Akira Yamaguchi Akio Tomiyama Institute of Nuclear Technology Institute of Nuclear Safety System Fukui 919-1205 Japan Department of Sustainable Energy and Environmental Engineering Osaka University Osaka 565-0871 Japan Department of Mechanical Engineering Kobe University Hyogo 657-8501 Japan

In order to evaluate CCFL （countercurrent flow limitation） characteristics in a PWR （pressurized water reactor） hot leg under reflux condensation, numerical simulations have been conducted using a 2F （two-fluid） model and a VOF （volume of fluid） method implemented in the CFD （computational fluid dynamics） software, FLUENT6.3.26. The 2F model gave good agreement with CCFL data in low pressure conditions but did not give good results for high pressure steam-water conditions. In the previous study, the computational grid and schemes were improved in the VOF method to improve calculations in circular tubes, and the calculated CCFL characteristics agreed well with the UPTF （Upper Plenum Test Facility） data at 1.5 MPa. In this study, therefore, using the 2F model and the computational grid previously improved for the VOF calculations, numerical simulations were conducted for steam-water flows at 1.5 MPa under PWR full-scale conditions. In the range of medium gas volumetric fluxes, the calculated CCFL characteristics agreed well with the values calculated by the VOF method and the UPTF data at 1.5 MPa. This indicated that the reference set of the interfacial drag correlations employed in this study could be applied not only to low pressures but also to high pressures.

关键词： Reflux condensation PWR hot leg countercurrent flow numerical simulation two-fluid model.

Groundwater Level Effect on Redox Potential, on Cadmium Uptake and Yield of Soybean

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2014年第20期5卷 3022-3031页

作者： Md. Zahidul Haque Choichi Sasaki Nobuhiko Matsuyama Takeyuki Annaka chihiro Kato United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences (UGAS) Iwate University Morioka Japan Faculty of Agriculture and Life Science Hirosaki University Hirosaki Japan Faculty of Agriculture Yamagata University Tsuruoka Japan

In this greenhouse experiment, we investigated the effects of two constant groundwater levels: 10 cm groundwater level (GW-10) and 40 cm groundwater level (GW-40) and one change groundwater level, which was 40-10-40 cm (GW-40-10-40) on Cadmium (Cd) uptake and seed yield of Soybean plant in Cd contaminated soils (1.57 mg·kg-1). The experimental soil layer was made with gravel layer (14 cm), non-polluted soil (15 cm) and polluted soil (25 cm). The redox potential of every soil layer was measured from sowing to harvesting. The soil layer (10 – 40 cm) of GW-10 was always in reduction condition and that of GW-40 was always in oxidation condition. First 50 days of GW 40-10-40 were in oxidation and next 50 days in reduction and final 20 days again returned in oxidation condition. Soybean seed Cd concentration was significantly highest in GW-40-10-40 (1.16 ± 0.13 mg·kg-1) and lowest in GW-40 (0.81 ± 0.12 mg·kg-1). Cd concentration of stem was found significantly higher in GW-40 (1.7 ± 0.2 mg·kg-1) than GW-10 (0.91 ± 0.08 mg·kg-1) and GW-40-10-40 (1.28 ± 0.13 mg·kg-1). There was no significant difference in root Cd concentration among these 3 treatments. Main stem height of soybean plant and 100 seed weight of GW-40 were significantly higher than those of GW-10. The result revealed that, soil redox condition is an important factor for Cd uptake in soybean plant and seed yield of soybean. This study will help to manage the farming process more appropriately with the aim of minimizing uptake of Cd and other toxic metals in grain crops.

关键词： Groundwater Level Redox Potential (Eh) Cadmium Uptake Soybean Seed Yield

Suspected Anaphylactic Shock Associated with Rocuronium in an Infant: A Case Report

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Open Journal of Anesthesiology 2016年第4期6卷 51-54页

作者： Hideya Katoh Yoshifumi Naito chihiro Aoki Mao Kinoshita Yoshinobu Nakayama Teiji Sawa Department of Anesthesiology Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine Kyoto Japan

We report a case of severe anaphylactic shock in a 5-month-old infant who was scheduled to undergo an external inguinal hernia repair under general anesthesia. Rocuronium used for anesthesia induction was the most likely cause of anaphylaxis. High levels of serum tryptase and histamine detected in the blood sample collected during the anaphylactic reaction confirmed the diagnosis of anaphylactic shock. The patient’s clinical status improved within 90 min of intervention by the intravenous injection of vasopressors and a steroid. Surgery was canceled, and the patient stayed in the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) under artificial ventilation for 5 h before safe extubation. The patient achieved full recovery the next day, without any sequelae. The rescheduled surgery was successfully completed 5 months later under general anesthesia without the use of neuromuscular blocking agents.

关键词： Anaphylaxis Neuromuscular Blocking Agent Rocuronium Shock