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Are life insurance futures a safe haven during COVID‑19?

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Financial Innovation 2023年第1期9卷 397-423页

作者： Kuan‑Min Wang yuan‑Ming lee Department of Finance Overseas Chinese University100 Chiao Kwang RoadTaichung 40721Taiwan Department of Finance Southern Taiwan University of Science and TechnologyNo.1Nantai StYung‑Kang CityTainanTaiwan

This study aims to examine whether life insurance futures can serve as a hedge against the COVID-19 pandemic and whether they have the characteristics of a safe haven under the impact of the health shocks of the COVID-19 *** chose three life insurance stock futures in India and one in Taiwan as samples,including the market index of the two countries and the number of confirmed COVID-19 cases as sample *** used the growth rate of COVID-19 cases as the threshold variable,esti-mated the asymmetric threshold vector autoregression model,and found that insur-ance futures in the regime with a significant growth rate of confirmed COVID-19 cases can hedge against COVID-19 risks;therefore,insurance futures are a safe haven for the *** further estimated the time-varying parameter vector autoregression model,and the impulse response results showed that insurance futures are a safe haven for COVID-19 pandemic risks.

关键词： Insurance futures TVAR TVP-VAR Safe haven Impulse response

Thermodynamic Calculation and MnS Solubility of Mn-Ti Oxide Formation in Si-Mn-Ti Deoxidized Steel

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2010年第2期17卷 10-16页

作者： ZHUO Xiao-jun WANG yuan-qi WANG Xin-hua lee Hae-geon Technology Management Section China Minmetals Corporation Beijing 100044 China Department of Scienee and Technology Information China Iron and Steel Research Institute Group Beijing 100081 China Metallurgieal and Ecological Engineering Sehool University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing100083 China Graduate Institute of Ferrous Teehnology Pohang University of Science and TechnologyPohang 790-784 South Korea

Mn-Ti oxides in Si-Mn-Ti deoxidized steels after cooling in the furnace were investigated. The composition and morphology of inclusions were analyzed by using FE-SEM with EDS. Mn-Ti oxides were found to be effective sites to induce intragranular ferrite formation. The thermodynamic calculation was employed to interpret the critical condition for Mn-Ti oxide formation. Mn-Ti oxide formation was controlled not only by Mn and Ti content, but also by total oxygen content in steel. When the Mn and Ti contents were around 1.5% and 0. 005% --0.01%, respectively, Mn-Ti oxide could form as the total oxygen content was 0. 001%- 0. 002 %. The experimental results were in good agreement with thermodynamic calculation results. Also, MnS solubilit：（ was examined in Mn-Ti oxide inclusion system. With an increase of MnO content in Mn-Ti oxide, MnS solubility in the oxides increased. MnS precipitation benefited from high MnO content in Mn-Ti oxide.

关键词： Si-Mn-Ti deoxided steel Mn-Ti oxide MnS intragranular ferrite thermodynamic calculation

Effect of storage time on the characteristics of corn and efficiency of its utilization in broiler chickens

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Animal Nutrition 2017年第3期3卷 252-257页

作者： Dafei Yin Jianmin yuan Yuming Guo lee I.Chiba State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition College of Animal Science and Technology China Agricultural University Department of Animal Sciences College of Agriculture Auburn University

Corn is one of the staple food and feed ingredients in China, therefore its storage is of particular importance. Corn is typically stored for 2 or more years in national barns before it is sold as a food or feed ingredient. However, the effects of stored corn in national barns on the animal performance and nutrient utilization have not been investigated thus far. This study attempted to determine the effects of storage time on the chemical and physical characteristics of corn and its nutritional value, broiler growth performance, and meat quality. Corn grains used in the present study were stored for 4 different periods,from 2 to 5 yr, under the same conditions in a building at the Beijing National Grain Storage Facility. A total of 240 birds in Exp. 1 and 90 birds in Exp. 2 were used to compare the effects of storage time on the utilization of nutrients of corn, the performance, and meat quality of broilers. The content of starch, crude protein, amino acids, fatty acids, and test weight generally decreased with increasing storage time. Corn stored for over 4 yr showed decreased catalase(CAT) and peroxidase(POD) activities and increased fat acidity. Body weight gain(BWG) and European production index(EPI) of broilers from 0 to 3 wk tended to decrease linearly with storage time(0.05 0.05). The digestibility of histidine and arg

关键词： Broiler Corn Fat acidity Metabolizable energy Performance Storage

Convective Drying of Sludge Cake

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Journal of Thermal Science 2002年第3期11卷 277-282页

作者： Jianbo Chen Xiaofeng Peng yuan Xue Duujong lee Chingping Chu Thermal Engineering Department Tsinghua University100084 BeijingChina Department of Chemical Engineering National Taiwan UniversityTaipeiTaiwanChina

This paper presented an experimental study on convective drying of waste water sludge collected from Beijing GaoBeiDian Sewage Treatment Plant, particularly on the correlation between the observed shrinkage dynamics of sludge cake and the drying curve. During the initial stage of drying the process resembles to that of a particulate bed, in which moisture diffuses and evaporates at the upper surface. Conventional drying theory assuming a diffusion-evaporating front interprets this period of drying. Consequently, owing to the very large shrinkage ratio of the dried cake, cracks emerges and propagates on and within the cake body, whence inducing evaporating channel that facilitates the water removal. This occurrence compensates the reduction of surface area for evaporation, whence extending the constant-rate period during the test. Afterwards, the cracks meet with each other and form isolated cake piles, while the subsequent drying occur mainly within these piles and the conventional theory fails. The

关键词： sludge convective drying visualization.

Deletion of IFT20 in early stage T lymphocyte differentiation inhibits the development of col agen-induced arthritis

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Bone Research 2014年第4期2卷 241-251页

作者： Xue yuan lee Ann Garrett-Sinha Debanjan Sarkar Shuying Yang Department of Oral Biology School of Dental MedicineUniversity at BuffaloThe State University of New YorkBuffaloNY 14214USA Department of Biochemistry School of Medicine and Biomedical SciencesUniversity at BuffaloThe State University of New YorkBuffaloNY 14203USA Laboratory for Biomaterials and Regenerative Therapeutics Department of Biomedical EngineeringUniversity at BuffaloThe State University of New YorkBuffaloNY 14260-2050USA Developmental Genomics Group New York State Center of Excellence in Bioinformatics and Life SciencesUniversity at BuffaloThe State University of New YorkBuffaloNY 14203USA

IFT20 is the smallest member of the intraflagellar transport protein（IFT） complex B. It is involved in cilia formation. Studies of IFT20 have been confined to ciliated cells. Recently, IFT20 was found to be also expressed in non-ciliated T cells and have functions in immune synapse formation and signaling in vitro. However, how IFT20 regulates T-cell development and activation in vivo is still unknown. We deleted the IFT20 gene in early and later stages of T-cell development by crossing IFT20flox/flox（IFT20f/f） mice with Lck-Cre and CD4-Cre transgenic mice, and investigated the role of IFT20 in T-cell maturation and in the development of T cell-mediated collagen-induced arthritis（CIA）. We found that both Lck-Cre/IFT20f/f and CD4-Cre/IFT20f/f mice were indistinguishable from their wild-type littermates in body size, as well as in the morphology and weight of the spleen and thymus. However, the number of CD4- and CD8-positive cells was significantly lower in thymus and spleen in Lck-Cre/IFT20f/f mice. Meanwhile, the incidence and severity of CIA symptoms were significantly decreased, and inflammation in the paw was significantly inhibited in Lck-Cre/IFT20f/f mice compared to Lck-Cre/IFT201/1littermates. Deletion IFT20 in more mature T cells of CD4-Cre/IFT20f/f mice had only mild effects on the development of T cells and CIA. The expression of IL-1b, IL-6 and TGF-b1 were significantly downregulated in the paw of Lck-Cre/IFT20f/f mice, but just slight decreased in CD4-Cre/IFT20f/f mice. These results demonstrate that deletion of IFT20 in the early stage of T-cell development inhibited CIA development through regulating T-cell development and the expression of critical cytokines.

关键词： INTRAFLAGELLAR TRANSPORT IFT NF-KAPPA-B RHEUMATOID-ARTHRITIS CELL DEVELOPMENT PRIMARY CILIUM KINESIN-II MICE EXPRESSION COMPLEX PROTEINS

Three-dimensional saltating processes of multiple sediment particles

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2009年第1期24卷 16-32页

作者： Hsiao-Wen WANG Hong-yuan lee Po-Ning lee Dept. of Hydraulic and Ocean Engineering National Cheng Kung University Dept. of Civil Engineering National Taiwan University

The purpose of this study was to investigate the interacting mechanism between the saltating particles near a channel bed. A three-dimensional real-time flow visualization technique was developed to measure the interparticle collision behaviors during the saltating process. Based on the experimental data,the distribution of the collision points was found to be symmetric. This confirms the assumption that the projections of the collision points onto the reasonable plane are uniformly distributed. A three-dimensional saltating model was also developed. This model produced satisfactory results. The model is able to simulate the continuous saltating trajectories of several particles. The simulated dimensionless saltating height,longitudinal and vertical saltation velocity components were found to increase as the dimensionless particle diameter and the dimensionless flow transport capacity parameter increase,while the simulated lateral saltation velocity component varies inversely with the dimensionless flow transport capacity parameter. A regression equation for the bed load transport rate was also obtained.

关键词： Interparticle collision Saltation Sediment Three dimension Charged couple device (CCD)

Osthole treatment ameliorates Th2-mediated allergic asthma and exerts immunomodulatory effects on dendritic cell maturation and function

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2017年第11期14卷 935-947页

作者： Chen-yuan Chiang Chen-Chen lee Chia-Kwung Fan Huei-Mei Huang Bor-Luen Chiang Yueh-Lun lee Division of Pulmonary Medicine Department of Internal MedicineWan Fang HospitalTaipei Medical UniversityTaipei 11031TaiwanChina Department of Internal Medicine School of MedicineCollege of MedicineTaipei Medical UniversityTaipei 11031TaiwanChina Department of Microbiology and Immunology School of MedicineCollege of MedicineChina Medical UniversityTaichung 40402TaiwanChina Department of Parasitology School of MedicineCollege of MedicineTaipei Medical UniversityTaipei 11031TaiwanChina Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences College of MedicineTaipei Medical UniversityTaipei 11031TaiwanChina Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine College of MedicineNational Taiwan UniversityTaipei 10048TaiwanChina Department of Microbiology and Immunology School of MedicineCollege of MedicineTaipei Medical UniversityTaipei 11031TaiwanChina

Osthole,an active component of Chinese herbal medicines,reportedly possesses various pharmacological properties and has potential therapeutic *** study explored the anti-allergic effects of osthole in asthmatic mice and investigated the immunomodulatory actions of osthole on dendritic cells(DCs)and T ***,we show that oral administration of osthole to BALB/c mice after ovalbumin(OVA)sensitization ameliorated all of the cardinal features of T helper 2(Th2)-mediated allergic asthma;namely,the production of OVA-specific immunoglobulin E,airway hyperresponsiveness,airway inflammation and the production of Th2-type cytokines including interleukin(IL)-4,IL-5 and ***,IL-10 production was not inhibited and was even enhanced by osthole *** observed a significant increase in the percentages of IL-10-producing DCs and forkhead box P3-positive regulatory T(Treg)cells in osthole-treated asthmatic ***,in vitro analyses revealed that osthole-treated bone-marrow-derived DCs had a partial maturation phenotype,secreting large amounts of IL-10 and low levels of proinflammatory cytokines,such as IL-12,IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α,and displaying reduced levels of MHC class II surface *** DCs displayed immunosuppressive capacity by directly inhibiting effector T-cell responses or inducing Treg *** addition,osthole directly inhibited the activated CD4+T-cell proliferation and Th1/Th2-type cytokine production in this ***,these results suggest that DCs and T cells are potential target cells responsible for the action of osthole against allergic asthma.

关键词： asthma dendritic cell osthole T cell

Drought Stress and Preharvest Aflatoxin Contamination in Agricultural Commodity: Genetics, Genomics and Proteomics

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2008年第10期50卷 1281-1291页

作者： Baozhu Guo Zhi-yuan Chen R. Dewey lee Brian T. Scully Crop Protection and Management Research Unit Agricultural Research Service US Department of Agriculture Tifton Georgia 31793 USA Department of Plant Pathology and Crop Physiology Louisiana State University Baton Rouge Louisiana 70803 USA Department of Crop and Soil Sciences University of Georgia Tifton Georgia 31793 USA

Throughout the world, aflatoxin contamination is considered one of the most serious food safety issues concerning health. Chronic problems with preharvest afiatoxin contamination occur in the southern US, and are particularly troublesome in corn, peanut, cottonseed, and tree nuts. Drought stress is a major factor to contribute to preharvest afiatoxin contamination. Recent studies have demonstrated higher concentration of defense or stress-related proteins in corn kerners of resistant genotypes compared with susceptible genotypes, suggesting that preharvest field condition （drought or not drought） influences gene expression differently in different genotypes resulting in different levels of ＂end products＂： PR（pathogenesis-related） proteins in the mature kernels. Because of the complexity of Aspergillus-plant interactions, better understanding of the mechanisms of genetic resistance will be needed using genomics and proteomics for crop improvement. Genetic improvement of crop resistance to drought stress is one component and will provide a good perspective on the efficacy of control strategy. Proteomic comparisons of corn kernel proteins between resistant or susceptible genotypes to Aspergillus flavus infection have identified stress-related proteins along with antifungal proteins as associated with kernel resistance. Gene expression studies in developing corn kernels are in agreement with the proteomic studies that defense-related genes could be upregulated or downregulated by abiotic stresses.

关键词： abiotic stress drought stress host resistance preharvest aflatoxin contamination.

The role of monocytes in optic nerve injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第8期18卷 1666-1671页

作者： Xiangxiang Liu yuan Liu Mohamed M.Khodeiry Richard K.lee Beijing Tongren Eye Center Beijing Tongren HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina Bascom Palmer Eye Institute Department of OphthalmologyUniversity of Miami Miller School of MedicineMiamiFLUSA

Monocytes,including monocyte-derived macrophages and resident microglia,mediate many phases of optic nerve injury *** microglia respond first,followed by infiltrating macrophages which regulate neuronal inflammation,cell proliferation and differentiation,scar formation and tissue remodeling following optic nerve ***,microglia and macrophages have distinct functions which can be either beneficial or detrimental to the optic nerve depending on the spatial context and temporal sequence of their *** divergent effects are attributed to pro-and anti-inflammatory cytokines expressed by monocytes,crosstalk between monocyte and glial cells and even microglia-macrophage *** this review,we describe the dynamics and functions of microglia and macrophages in neuronal inflammation and regeneration following optic nerve injury,and their possible role as therapeutic targets for axonal regeneration.

关键词： fibrotic scar glial scar inflammation macrophage microglia optic nerve injury regeneration