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The relationship between transport-to-school habits and physical activity in a sample of New Zealand adolescents

Journal of Sport and Health Science 2019年第5期8卷 463-470页

作者： chiew ching kek Enrique García Bengoechea John C.Spence Sandra Mandic Active Living Laboratory School of Physical EducationSport and Exercise SciencesUniversity of OtagoDunedin 9054New Zealand Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences Faculty of Education and Health SciencesUniversity of LimerickLimerickV94 T9PXIreland Institute for Health and Sport(IHES) Victoria UniversityMelbourneVIC 8001Australia Faculty of Kinesiology Sportand RecreationUniversity of AlbertaEdmontonAlbertaT6G 2H9Canada Centre for Sustainability University of OtagoDunedin 9054New Zealand

Objectives:Adolescents using active transport(AT)to school have higher levels of physical activity(PA)compared with motorized transport(MT)users.This study compared school day and weekend day PA in adolescents using AT,MT,or combined AT and MT(AT + MT)to travel to school.Methods:Adolescents(n= 314;age:14.7±1.4 years;32.8% boys)from Dunedin(New Zealand)wore an accelerometer for 7 days and completed a self-reported survey regarding mode of transport to school(73 AT,56 AT + MT,and 185 MT).Data were analyzed using t tests,analysis of variance,and χ2 tests.Results:Although the proportion of adolescents meeting PA guidelines significantly differed among transport groups(AT,47.9%;AT + MT,46.4%;MT,33.5%;p=0.048;overall,39.2%),the observed differences were due mainly to girls.Compared with MT,AT and AT+MT engaged in more moderate-to-vigorous PA(MVPA)per day(AT:61.2 ± 23.2 min;AT+MT:59.6 ± 21.7 min;MT:52.5 ± 19.6 min;p = 0.004;p<0.001,adjusted for gender),per school day and before school.Immediately after school(15:00-16:00),AT engaged in significantly more MVPA compared with AT + MT and MT.No differences in MVPA between the groups were observed in the late afternoon/early evening period during school days or on weekend days.Conclusion:Compared with MT users,adolescent girls using AT or AT + MT accumulated more MVPA during school commute time.AT + MT to school is also a plausible way to increase adolescent girls’ PA when AT only is not feasible.

关键词： Accelerometer Adolescent Physical activity Schools Transportation Walking

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Prevalence and risk factors of intestinal parasitism among two indigenous subethnic groups in Peninsular Malaysia

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2016年第1期5卷 700-714页

作者： Yuee Teng Chin Yvonne Ai Lian Lim Chun Wie Chong Cindy Shuan Ju Teh Ivan Kok Seng Yap Soo ching Lee Mian Zi Tee Vinnie Wei Yin Siow kek Heng Chua Department of Biomedical Science Faculty of MedicineUniversity of Malaya50603 Kuala LumpurMalaysia Department of Parasitology Faculty of MedicineUniversity of Malaya50603 Kuala LumpurMalaysia Department of Life Sciences School of PharmacyInternational Medical University57000 Kuala LumpurMalaysia Department of Medical Microbiology Faculty of MedicineUniversity of Malaya50603 Kuala LumpurMalaysia

Background:Intestinal parasitic infections(IPIs)among indigenous people have been widely documented in Malaysia,however,the prevalence of these infections remains high.In the past,most studies have focused on specific species of parasites but polyparasitism has received limited attention.In addition,epidemiology studies on indigenous people tend to consider them as a homogenous group,whereas in reality different sub-ethnic groups have different cultural and living practices.Variations in living habits such as personal hygiene practices may predispose different groups to different parasitic infections.To better understand prevalence and risk factors of intestinal parasitism among different sub-ethnic groups,the present study was conducted among two sub-ethnic groups of indigenous people(Temuan and Mah Meri)residing in Selangor state,Malaysia.Methods:A cross-sectional study that focused on two distinct sub-ethnic groups was carried out from February to September 2014.Faecal samples were collected from 186 participants and examined using the formalin-ether sedimentation technique.A molecular approach was adopted to conduct a genetic characterisation of the parasites.Additionally,questionnaires were administered to obtain information on the demographics,socioeconomic backgrounds and behavioural risks relating to the participants,as well as information about their environments.Statistical analyses(i.***.binary and multivariate logistic regression analyses)were performed to measure risk factors.Results:For Temuan communities,trichuriasis(64.2%)was the most common infection found,preceding hookworm infection(34%),ascariasis(7.5%),giardiasis(14.2%)and amoebiasis(7.5%).As for the Mah Meri communities,trichuriasis(77.5%)prevailed over ascariasis(21.3%),hookworm(15%),giardiasis(7.5%)and amoebiasis(3.8%).Significant differences in proportions of trichuriasis,ascariasis and hookworm infections were observed between the Temuan and Mah Meri sub-ethnic groups.Polyparasitism was more common among the Temuan sub-ethnic group(41.5%)c

关键词： Intestinal parasites Intestinal parasitism Indigenous people Risk factors Prevalence Sub-ethnic group Temuan sub-ethnic group Mah Meri sub-ethnic group Peninsular Malaysia

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S690Q高强钢对接节点的焊后性能

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土木与环境工程学报（中英文） 2021年第1期43卷 64-71页

作者：周诚彬陈成赵明善李子敬冯达清新加坡理工大学新加坡138683 南洋理工大学新加坡639798 新南威尔士大学澳大利亚堪培拉

通过试验研究了S690Q高强钢对接节点的焊后性能。利用手工电弧焊焊接了3个厚度为8mm的S690Q高强钢对接节点,焊接过程中对3个节点分别采用不同的焊接热量。在微观层面上,用微观结构测试和微观硬度测试研究焊接对于节点的影响;在宏观层面... 详细信息

通过试验研究了S690Q高强钢对接节点的焊后性能。利用手工电弧焊焊接了3个厚度为8mm的S690Q高强钢对接节点,焊接过程中对3个节点分别采用不同的焊接热量。在微观层面上,用微观结构测试和微观硬度测试研究焊接对于节点的影响;在宏观层面上,通过拉伸试验研究焊接对于节点力学性能的影响。微观结构测试结果表明,S690Q高强钢的主要微观结构是回火马氏体。焊接后,在粗晶热影响区会转化为粒状贝氏体,在细晶热影响区会转化为铁素体和渗碳体,在回火区部分回火马氏体会分解成铁素体。基于硬度测试结果,可以在热影响区内发现软化层的存在,软化层与母材相比具有较低的硬度。此外,热影响区的宽度也随着焊接热量的升高而增大。拉伸试验表明,焊接对于S690Q高强钢节点的强度具有劣化作用,这主要是由焊接过程中形成的软化层造成的。所有测试节点的失效位置均位于热影响区,而且随着焊接热量的升高,强度的劣化现象也变得越来越严重。

关键词：高强钢对接节点微观结构硬度拉伸性能

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