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Hepatitis B virus coinfection in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients: A review

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第40期20卷 14598-14614页

作者： Hsin-Yun Sun Wang-Huei Sheng Mao-Song Tsai Kuan-Yeh Lee Sui-Yuan Chang chien-ching hung Department of Internal Medicine National Taiwan University Hospital National Taiwan University College of Medicine Department of Internal Medicine Far Eastern Memorial Hospital Department of Internal Medicine National Taiwan University Hospital Hsin-Chu Branch Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences and Medical Biotechnology National Taiwan University College of Medicine Department of Laboratory Medicine National Taiwan University Hospital Department of Medical Research China Medical University Hospital China Medical University

Hepatitis B virus(HBV)infection is a leading cause of chronic hepatitis,liver cirrhosis,and hepatocellular carcinoma *** to the shared modes of transmission,coinfection with HBV and human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)is not *** is estimatedthat 10%of HIV-infected patients worldwide are coinfected with *** areas where an HBV vaccination program is implemented,the HBV seroprevalence has declined *** HIV/HBV-coinfected patients,HBV coinfection accelerates immunologic and clinical progression of HIV infection and increases the risk of hepatotoxicity when combination antiretroviral therapy(cART)is initiated,while HIV infection increases the risk of hepatitis events,cirrhosis,and end-stage liver disease related to chronic HBV *** the advances in antiviral therapy,concurrent,successful longterm suppression of HIV and HBV replication can be achieved in the cART *** reduce the disease burden of HBV infection among HIV-infected patients,adoption of safe sex practices,avoidance of sharing needles and diluent,HBV vaccination and use of cART containing tenofovir disoproxil fumarate plus emtricitabine or lamivudine are the most effective ***,due to HIV-related immunosuppression,using increased doses of HBV vaccine and novel approaches to HBV vaccination are needed to improve the immunogenicity of HBV vaccine among HIV-infected patients.

关键词： Viral hepatitis Seroepidemiology Sexually transmitted diseases Nucleoside reverse-transcriptase inhibitor Vaccination

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Real-world effectiveness of direct-acting antivirals in people living with human immunodeficiency virus and hepatitis C virus genotype 6 infections

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2022年第11期28卷 1172-1183页

作者： Hsin-Yun Sun chien-Yu Cheng Chi-Ying Lin Chia-Jui Yang Nan-Yao Lee Bo-Huang Liou hung-Jen Tang Yuang-Meng Liu Chun-Yuan Lee Tun-Chieh Chen Yi-Chia Huang Yuan-Ti Lee Ming-Jui Tsai Po-Liang Lu hung-Chin Tsai Ning-Chi Wang Tung-Che hung Shu-Hsing Cheng chien-ching hung Department of Internal Medicine National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of MedicineTaipei 100225TaiwanChina Department of Infectious Diseases Taoyuan General HospitalMinistry of Health and WelfareTaoyuan 330215TaiwanChina School of Public Health National Yang Ming Chiao Tung UniversityTaipei 112304TaiwanChina Department of Internal Medicine National Taiwan University Hospital Yun-Lin BranchYun-Lin County 640203TaiwanChina Department of Internal Medicine Far Eastern Memorial HospitalNew Taipei City 220216TaiwanChina School of Medicine National Yang Ming Chiao Tung UniversityTaipei 112304TaiwanChina Department of Medicine National Cheng Kung University HospitalCollege of MedicineNational Cheng Kung UniversityTainan 704302TaiwanChina Department of Internal Medicine Hsinchu MacKay Memorial HospitalHsin-Chu 300044TaiwanChina Department of Internal Medicine Chi Mei Medical CenterTainan 710402TaiwanChina Department of Health and Nutrition Chia Nan University of Pharmacy and SciencesTainan 717301TaiwanChina Department of Internal Medicine Changhua Christian HospitalChanghua 500209TaiwanChina Department of Internal Medicine Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital and College of MedicineKaohsiung Medical UniversityKaohsiung 807378TaiwanChina Department of Internal Medicine Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung HospitalKaohsiung 801735TaiwanChina Department of Internal Medicine National Taiwan University Hospital Biomedical Park BranchHsin-Chu 302058TaiwanChina Department of Internal Medicine Chung Shan Medical University HospitalTaichung 402306TaiwanChina School of Medicine Chung Shan Medical UniversityTaichung 402306TaiwanChina Department of Internal Medicine Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital and College of MedicineKaohsiung Medical UniversityKaohsiung 807377TaiwanChina Department of Internal Medicine Kaohsiung Veterans General HospitalKaohsiung 813414TaiwanChina Department of Internal Medicine Tri-Service General HospitalNational Defen

BACKGROUND Hepatitis C virus(HCV)genotype 6(HCV-6)infection is prevalent predominantly in Southeast Asia,and the data on the virologic response of HCV-6 to direct-acting antivirals(DAAs)are sparse in people living with human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)(PLWH).AIM To assess the virologic response of HCV-6 to DAAs in *** From September 2016 to July 2019,PLWH coinfected with HCV-6 initiating DAAs were *** investigations were performed at baseline,the end of treatment,and 12 wk *** Of the 349 PLWH included(mean age 48.9 years,82.5%men),80.5%comprised people who inject drugs,18.1%men who have sex with men,and 1.4%*** hepatitis B virus infection was present in 12.3%of the included PLWH,liver cirrhosis 10.9%,hepatocellular carcinoma 0.9%,and previous HCV treatment experience 10.9%.The mean baseline plasma HCV RNA was 6.2 log10 IU/m *** with glecaprevir/pibrentasvir was initiated in 51.9%,sofosbuvir/ledipasvir 41.5%,sofosbuvir/velpatasvir 6.3%,and sofosbuvir/daclatasvir 0.3%.At DAA initiation,antiretroviral therapy containing tenofovir alafenamide was given in 26.4%,tenofovir disoproxil fumarate 34.4%,non-tenofovir alafenamide/tenofovir disoproxil fumarate 39.3%,non-nucleoside reverse-transcriptase inhibitors 30.4%,protease inhibitors 4.0%,and integrase strand transfer inhibitors 66.8%;94.8%of the included patients had CD4 counts≥200 cells/mm3 and 96.0%had plasma HIV RNA<50 copies/m ***,96.8%achieved undetectable plasma HCV RNA(<30 IU/m L)at end of treatment;and 92.3%achieved sustained virologic response 12 wk off-therapy in the intention-to-treat analysis(93.5%in patients receiving sofosbuvir-based DAAs and 91.2%in those receiving glecaprevir/pibrentasvir).CONCLUSION Similar to the observation made in HIV-negative patients,sustained virologic response 12 wk offtherapy with DAAs is high in PLWH coinfected with HCV-6.

关键词： Viral hepatitis End-of-treatment response Sustained virologic response People who inject drugs Antiretroviral therapy Tenofovir

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Hepatitis A virus infection and hepatitis A vaccination in human immunodeficiency virus-positive patients: A review

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第20期23卷 3589-3606页

作者： Kuan-Yin Lin Guan-Jhou Chen Yu-Lin Lee Yi-Chia Huang Aristine Cheng Hsin-Yun Sun Sui-Yuan Chang Chun-Eng Liu chien-ching hung Department of Medicine National Taiwan University Hospital Jin-Shan Branch Department of Internal Medicine National Taiwan University Hospital Department of Internal Medicine Changhua Christian Hospital National Taiwan University College of Medicine Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences and Medical Biotechnology National Taiwan University College of Medicine Department of Laboratory Medicine National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine Department of Parasitology National Taiwan University College of Medicine Department of Medical Research China Medical University Hospital China Medical University

Hepatitis A virus(HAV)is one of the most common infectious etiologies of acute hepatitis *** virus is known to be transmitted fecal-orally,resulting in symptoms ranging from asymptomatic infection to fulminant *** can also be transmitted through oral-anal *** from regions of low endemicity for HAV infection often remain susceptible in their ***,clustered HAV infections or outbreaks of acute hepatitis A among men who have sex with men and injecting drug users have been reported in countries of low endemicity for HAV *** duration of HAV viremia and stool shedding of HAV may be longer in human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)-positive individuals compared to HIV-negative individuals with acute hepatitis *** guidelines recommend HAV vaccination for individuals with increased risks of exposure to HAV(such as from injecting drug use,oral-anal sex,travel to or residence in endemic areas,frequent clotting factor or blood transfusions)or with increased risks of fulminant disease(such as those with chronic hepatitis).The seroconversion rates following the recommended standard adult dosing schedule(2doses of HAVRIX 1440 U or VAQTA 50 U administered6-12 mo apart)are lower among HIV-positive individuals compared to HIV-negative *** the response rates may be augmented by adding a booster dose at week 4 sandwiched between the first dose and the 6-mo dose,the need of booster vaccination remain less clear among HIV-positive individuals who have lost anti-HAV antibodies.

关键词： Epidemiology Viral hepatitis Acute hepatitis Fecal-oral transmission Oral-anal sex Men who have sex with men Injecting drug use Immunosuppression Immunization

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Recently acquired hepatitis C virus infection among people living with human immunodeficiency virus at a university hospital in Taiwan

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2021年第37期27卷 6277-6289页

作者： Miao-Hui Huang Hsin-Yun Sun Shu-Yuan Ho Sui-Yuan Chang Szu-Min Hsieh Wang-Huei Sheng Yu-Chung Chuang Yu-Shan Huang Li-Hsin Su Wen-Chun Liu Yi-ching Su chien-ching hung Department of Internal Medicine Hualien Tzu Chi HospitalBuddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation and Tzu Chi UniversityHualien 970410Taiwan Department of Internal Medicine National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of MedicineTaipei 100008Taiwan Department of Laboratory Medicine National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of MedicineTaipei 100008Taiwan Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences and Medical Biotechnology National Taiwan University College of MedicineTaipei 100233Taiwan Department of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology National Taiwan University College of MedicineTaipei 100233Taiwan Department of Medical Research China Medical University Hospital and China Medical UniversityTaichung 404394Taiwan

BACKGROUND Little is known about the engagement in hepatitis C virus(HCV)care and completion of HCV treatment in people living with human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)(PLWH)who have HCV coinfection in the Asia-Pacific *** the HCV care cascade can identify barriers to the completion of HCV treatment and facilitate achievement of HCV micro-elimination in *** To investigate the care cascade of incident HCV infections among PLWH in *** PLWH with incident HCV infections,defined as HCV seroconversion,were retrospectively identified by sequential anti-HCV testing of all archived blood samples at National Taiwan University Hospital between 2011 and *** PLWH with incident HCV infections were followed until December 31,*** care cascade of HCV examined included all incident HCV-infected patients,the percentages of anti-HCV antibodies detected by HIV-treating physicians in clinical care,plasma HCV RNA load tested,HCV RNA positivity diagnosed,referral to treatment assessment made,anti-HCV treatment initiated,and sustained virologic response *** who had HCV seroconversion during the interferon(IFN)era(2011–2016)and the direct-acting antiviral(DAA)era(2017–2018)were analyzed *** duration of HCV viremia—from the date of seroconversion to viral clearance by treatments or until the end of observation—and the incidence of sexually transmitted infections(STIs)during the HCV viremic period were *** During the study period,287 of 3495(8.2%)PLWH(92.3%being men who have sex with men)who were HCV-seronegative at baseline developed HCV seroconversion by retrospective testing of all archived blood *** the 287 incident HCV infections,277(96.5%)had anti-HCV antibodies detected by HIV-treating physicians,270(94.1%)had plasma HCV RNA determined and 251(87.5%)tested positive for HCV *** those with HCV viremia,226(78.7%)were referred to treatment assessment,215(74.9%)initiated anti-HCV treatment,and 202(70.4%)achieve

关键词： Recent hepatitis C virus infection Cascade of care Direct-acting antivirals People living with human immunodeficiency virus Sustained virologic response Sexually transmitted infections

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Data-Driven Modeling of Partially Observed Biological Systems

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Communications on Applied Mathematics and Computation 2024年第1期6卷 739-754页

作者： Wei-hung Su ching-Shan Chou Dongbin Xiu Department of Mathematics The Ohio State UniversityColumbusOH43221USA

We present a numerical approach for modeling unknown dynamical systems using partially observed data,with a focus on biological systems with(relatively)complex dynamical *** an extension of the recently developed deep neural network(DNN)learning methods,our approach is particularly suitable for practical situations when(i)measurement data are available for only a subset of the state variables,and(ii)the system parameters cannot be observed or measured at *** demonstrate that,with a properly designed DNN structure with memory terms,effective DNN models can be learned from such partially observed data containing hidden *** learned DNN model serves as an accurate predictive tool for system *** a few representative biological problems,we demonstrate that such DNN models can capture qualitative dynamical behavior changes in the system,such as bifurcations,even when the parameters controlling such behavior changes are completely unknown throughout not only the model learning process but also the system prediction *** learned DNN model effectively creates a“closed”model involving only the observables when such a closed-form model does not exist mathematically.

关键词： Deep neural network(DNN) Governing equation discovery Biological system Partial observation

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Fully Completed Spherical Fuzzy Approach-Based Z Numbers(PHIModel)for Enhanced Group Expert Consensus

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第7期80卷 1655-1675页

作者： Phi-hung Nguyen Research Center of Applied Sciences Faculty of BusinessFPT UniversityHanoi100000Vietnam

This study aims to establish an expert consensus and enhance the efficacy of decision-making processes by integrating Spherical Fuzzy Sets(SFSs)and Z-Numbers(SFZs).A novel group expert consensus technique,the PHImodel,is developed to address the inherent limitations of both SFSs and the traditional Delphi technique,particularly in uncertain,complex *** such contexts,the accuracy of expert knowledge and the confidence in their judgments are pivotal *** study provides the fundamental operational principles and aggregation operators associated with SFSs and Z-numbers,encompassing weighted geometric and arithmetic operators alongside fully developed operators tailored for SFZs ***,a case study and comparative analysis are conducted to illustrate the practicality and effectiveness of the proposed operators and *** the PHI model with SFZs numbers represents a significant advancement in decision-making frameworks reliant on expert ***,this combination serves as a comprehensive tool for decision-makers,enabling them to achieve heightened levels of consensus while concurrently assessing the reliability of expert *** case study results demonstrate the PHI model’s utility in resolving complex decision-making scenarios,showcasing its ability to improve consensus-building processes and enhance decision ***,the comparative analysis highlights the superiority of the integrated approach over traditional methodologies,underscoring its potential to revolutionize decision-making practices in uncertain environments.

关键词： Spherical fuzzy sets Delphi method Z-numbers expert consensus PHI model uncertainty

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Identifying Brand Consistency by Product Differentiation Using CNN

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2024年第7期140卷 685-709页

作者： hung-Hsiang Wang Chih-Ping Chen Department of Industrial Design National Taipei University of TechnologyTaipeiTaiwan Department of Product Design Ming Chuan UniversityTaoyuanTaiwan

This paper presents a new method of using a convolutional neural network(CNN)in machine learning to identify brand consistency by product appearance *** Experiment 1,we collected fifty mouse devices from the past thirty-five years from a renowned company to build a dataset consisting of product pictures with pre-defined design features of their appearance and *** show that it is a challenge to distinguish periods for the subtle evolution of themouse devices with such traditionalmethods as time series analysis and principal component analysis(PCA).In Experiment 2,we applied deep learning to predict the extent to which the product appearance variation ofmouse devices of various *** investigation collected 6,042 images ofmouse devices and divided theminto the Early Stage and the Late *** show the highest accuracy of 81.4%with the CNNmodel,and the evaluation score of brand style consistency is 0.36,implying that the brand consistency score converted by the CNN accuracy rate is not always perfect in the real *** relationship between product appearance variation,brand style consistency,and evaluation score is beneficial for predicting new product styles and future product style *** addition,the CNN heat maps highlight the critical areas of design features of different styles,providing alternative clues related to the blurred *** study provides insights into practical problems for designers,manufacturers,and marketers in product *** not only contributes to the scientific understanding of design development,but also provides industry professionals with practical tools and methods to improve the design process and maintain brand *** can use these techniques to find features that influence brand ***,capture these features as innovative design elements and maintain core brand values.

关键词： Machine learning product differentiation brand consistency principal component analysis convolutional neural network computer mouse

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Exponentially Bounded C-semigroup and the Cauchy Initial Value Problems in Complete Random Normed Modules

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2024年第9期40卷 2195-2212页

作者： Son TA CONG Thang Dang hung Oanh Le THI Department of Mathematics University of ScienceVietnam National University 334 Nguyen TraiThanh XuanHanoiVietnam Faculty of Natural Sciences Hong Duc University565 Quang TrungDong VeThanh HoaVietnam

In this paper,the notion of C-semigroup of continuous module homomorphisms on a complete random normal(RN)module is introduced and *** existence and uniqueness of solution to the Cauchy problem with respect to exponen... 详细信息

关键词： C-semigroup Cauchy problem random normed modules L^(0)-Lipschitz

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Study of relationship between motion of mechanisms in gas operated weapon and its shock absorber

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第3期33卷 42-54页

作者： Jiri Balla Roman Vitek Dung Nguyen Van Zbynek Krist hung Nguyen Van Department of Weapons and Ammunition University of Defence BrnoCzech Republic Department of Weapons Le Quy Don Technical UniversityHanoiViet Nam Department of Design and Special Engineering Alexander Dubcek University of TrencinSlovakia

The article deals with the motion of the breech block carrier and the weapon casing of an automatic weapon mounted on a flexible carriage and the base of the *** works,which did not consider the dynamic properties of the base of the weapon,did not allow to reconcile the calculated and experimental results of the weapon casing displacement when shooting from firing *** the analysis of the motion of individual parts,the methods of mathematical modelling and firing experiments using a high-speed camera were *** show the best accord with experiment when modelling the system with 4 degrees of *** oscillation of the system regarding the movement of the breech block carrier and the weapon casing was investigated under changed conditions of rate of fire,the use of a muzzle brake and different types of shock *** velocities and displacements of the weapon casing and the breech block carrier at different values of the impulse of the gases to the breech block carrier were determined.

关键词： Shock absorber Gas-operated weapon Force-impulse diagram Recoil system Breech block carrier

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Hard Paternalism and Confucian Familism

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Fudan Journal of the Humanities and Social Sciences 2024年第3期17卷 455-478页

作者： Andrew Tsz Wan hung Division of Social Sciences Humanities and DesignCollege of Professional and Continuing EducationThe Hong Kong Polytechnic University9 Hoi Ting RoadYau Ma TeiKowloonHong KongChina

In this paper,I criticize Joel Feinberg's argument of soft paternalism,which stands against hard paternalism,as being *** assessing one's voluntariness is very difficult and controversial,paternalistic measures would be preferable to be implemented by hard paternalism rather than soft paternalism.I then examine four usual criticisms of hard paternalism from the perspective of utilitarianism and the principle of autonomy.I argue that these criticisms are unsound and unfounded,and I defend hard paternalism from the perspective of Confucian familism.I argue that as one's life and identity are inseparable from one's family,“self-regarding”actions,traditionally understood,do not only affect the self,but also one's family ***,paternalistic measures to protect individuals from self-harming are also aimed to protect their family members which are indeed compatible with Mill's harm principle.

关键词： Paternalism Feinberg John S.Mill-Confucian familism Autonomy:Voluntariness

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