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Enigmatic origin of hepatitis B virus:An ancient travelling companion or a recent encounter?

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第24期20卷 7622-7634页

作者： Gianguglielmo Zehender Erika Ebranati Elena Gabanelli chiara sorrentino Alessra Lo Presti Elisabetta Tanzi Massimo Ciccozzi Massimo Galli L.Sacco Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences University of Milan20157 MilanItaly Department of Infectious Parasitic and Immunomediated DiseasesNational Institute of Health00161 RomeItaly Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health University of Milan20157 MilanItaly

Hepatitis B virus(HBV)is the leading cause of liver disease and infects an estimated 240 million people *** is characterised by a high degree of genetic heterogeneity because of the use of a reverse transcriptase during viral *** ten genotypes(A-J)that have been described so far further segregate into a number of subgenotypes which have distinct ethno-geographic *** A and D are ubiquitous and the most prevalent genotypes in Europe(mainly represented by subgenotypes D1-3 and A2);genotypes B and C are restricted to eastern Asia and Oceania;genotype E to central and western Africa;and genotypes H and F(classified into 4 subgenotypes)to Latin America and *** review summarises the data obtained by studying the global phylodynamics and phylogeography of HBV genotypes,particularly those concerning the origin and dispersion histories of genotypes A,D,E and F and their *** lack of any consensus concerning the HBV substitution rate and the conflicting data obtained using different calibration approaches make the time of origin and divergence of the various genotypes and subgenotypes largely *** is hypothesised that HBV evolutionary rates are time dependent,and that the changes depend on the main transmission routes of the genotypes and the dynamics of the infected populations.

关键词： Hepatitis B virus genotypes and subgenotypes Phylogeography Population dynamics and epidemics Molecular epidemiology Hepatitis B virus phylodynamics

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Virtual brain twins: from basic neuroscience to clinical use

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National Science Review 2024年第05期 72-86页

作者： Huifang E.Wang Paul Triebkorn Martin Breyton Borana Dollomaja Jean-Didier Lemarechal Spase Petkoski Pierpaolo sorrentino Damien Depannemaecker Meysam Hashemi Viktor K.Jirsa Aix Marseille Université Institut National de la Santéet de la Recherche Médicale Institut de Neurosciences des Systèmes(INS) UMR1106 Service de Pharmacologie Clinique et Pharmacosurveillance AP–HM

Virtual brain twins are personalized, generative and adaptive brain models based on data from an individual's brain for scientific and clinical use. After a description of the key elements of virtual brain twins,we present the standard model for personalized whole-brain network models. The personalization is accomplished using a subject's brain imaging data by three means:(1) assemble cortical and subcortical areas in the subject-specific brain space;(2) directly map connectivity into the brain models, which can be generalized to other parameters; and(3) estimate relevant parameters through model inversion, typically using probabilistic machine learning. We present the use of personalized whole-brain network models in healthy ageing and five clinical diseases: epilepsy, Alzheimer's disease, multiple sclerosis, Parkinson's disease and psychiatric disorders. Specifically, we introduce spatial masks for relevant parameters and demonstrate their use based on the physiological and pathophysiological hypotheses. Finally, we pinpoint the key challenges and future directions.

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New frontiers in retinal transplantation

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World Journal of Transplantation 2024年第4期14卷 67-77页

作者： Francesco Saverio sorrentino Patrick Di Terlizzi Francesco De Rosa Carlo Salati Leopoldo Spadea Caterina Gagliano Mutali Musa Marco Zeppieri Department of Surgical Sciences Unit of OphthalmologyOspedale MaggioreBologna 40100Italy Department of Oncology IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori“Dino Amadori”Meldola 47014Italy Department of Ophthalmology University Hospital of UdineUdine 33100Italy Eye Clinic Policlinico Umberto I"Sapienza"University of RomeRome 00142Italy Department of Medicine and Surgery University of Enna"Kore"Enna 94100Italy Eye Clinic Catania University San Marco HospitalCatania 95121Italy Department of Optometry University of BeninBenin 300283Nigeria Department of Ophthalmology Centre for Sight AfricaNkporOnitsha 434112Nigeria

New frontiers about retinal cell transplantation for retinal degenerative diseases start from the idea that acting on stem cells can help regenerate retinal layers and establish new synapses among retinal *** or alterations of synaptic input and neurotrophic factors result in trans-neuronal degeneration of the inner retinal ***,the disruption of photoreceptors takes ***,even in advanced forms of retinal degeneration,a good percentage of the ganglion cells and the inner nuclear layer neurons remain *** phenomenon provides evidence for obtaining retinal circuitry through the transplantation of photoreceptors into the subretinal *** eye is regarded as an optimal organ for cell transplantation because of its immunological privilege and the relatively small number of cells collaborating to carry out visual *** eyeball's immunological privilege,characterized by the suppression of delayed-type hypersensitivity responses in ocular tissues,is responsible for the low rate of graft rejection in transplant *** main discoveries highlight the capacity of embryonic stem cells(ESCs)and induced pluripotent stem cells to regenerate damaged retinal *** progress has shown significant enhancements in transplant procedures and *** research also explores the ethical ramifications linked to the utilization of stem cells,emphasizing the ongoing issue surrounding *** analysis centers on recent breakthroughs,including the fabrication of three-dimensional retinal organoids and the innovation of scaffolding for cell ***,researchers are currently assessing the possibility of CRISPR and other advanced gene editing technologies to enhance the outcomes of retinal *** widespread use of universally recognized safe surgical and imaging methods enables retinal transplantation and monitoring of transplanted cell growth toward the correct ***,most therapy approaches

关键词： Retinal transplantation Retinal stem cell Human embryonic stem cells Pluripotent stem cells Retinal tissue transplant

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Uveal melanoma:Recent advances in immunotherapy

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World Journal of Clinical Oncology 2024年第1期15卷 23-31页

作者： Francesco Saverio sorrentino Francesco De Rosa Patrick Di Terlizzi Giacomo Toneatto Andrea Gabai Lucia Finocchio Carlo Salati Leopoldo Spadea Marco Zeppieri Department of Surgical Sciences Unit of OphthalmologyOspedale MaggioreBologna 40100Italy Department of Oncology IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori“Dino Amadori”Meldola 47014Italy Department of Ophthalmology University Hospital of UdineUdine 33100Italy Eye Clinic Policlinico Umberto I“Sapienza”University of RomeRome 00142Italy

Uveal melanoma(UM)is the most common primary intraocular cancer in *** incidence in Europe and the United States is 6-7 per million population per *** most primary UMs can be successfully treated and locally controlled by irradiation therapy or local tumor resection,up to 50%of UM patients develop metastases that usually involve the liver and are fatal within 1 *** date,chemotherapy and targeted treatments only obtain minimal responses in patients with metastatic UM,which is still characterized by poor *** standard therapeutic approaches for its prevention or treatment have been *** application of immunotherapy agents,such as immune checkpoint inhibitors that are effective in cutaneous melanoma,has shown limited effects in the treatment of ocular *** is due to UM’s distinct genetics,natural history,and complex interaction with the immune *** cutaneous melanomas characterized mainly by BRAF or NRAS mutations,UMs are usually triggered by a mutation in GNAQ or *** a result,more effective immunotherapeutic approaches,such as cancer vaccines,adoptive cell transfer,and other new molecules are currently being *** this review,we examine novel immunotherapeutic strategies in clinical and preclinical studies and highlight the latest insight in immunotherapy and the development of tailored treatment of UM.

关键词： Uveal melanoma Immunotherapy Ocular oncology Tumor Metastatic disease Genetic mutations

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Effect of operating temperature on aged single lap bonded joints

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2020年第2期16卷 283-289页

作者： Costanzo Bellini Gianluca Parodo Luca sorrentino Department of Civil and Mechanical Engineering University of Cassino and Southern LazioCassino FR03043Italy

In recent decades,designers have increasingly focused on the stability of assemblies in composite materials over time,particularly when used in structural *** use of structural adhesives allows for realising assemblies without mechanical *** fact,bonding is an assembly technique that prevent corrosion,ensures uniform stresses in the joint,and grows the specific resistance of the *** knowledge of the behaviour of bonded joint is necessary to ensure the reliability of this technique over time,especially in aggressive *** aim of this wo rk consists in investigating the combined effect of hydrothermal ageing and temperature test on the lap shear strength of single lap joints realised in *** results showed a higher influence of the ageing on paste adhesive compared to film ***,the ageing,combined with the operating temperature,played a fundamental role on the shear strength of the bonded joints.

关键词： Temperature tests Hydrothermal ageing Adhesive bonding Single lap joint Experimental tests

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Microbial dysbiosis in spouses of ulcerative colitis patients: any clues to disease pathogenesis?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第37期23卷 6747-6749页

作者： Dario sorrentino IBD Center Division of Gastroenterology Virginia Tech Carilion School of Medicine Department of Clinical and Experimental Medical Sciences University of Udine School of Medicine

A number of alterations have been found within the gutmicrobial profile of patients with inflammatory bowel diseases when compared with the healthy population; however, it is unclear whether such dysbiosis is the cause or simply the consequence of the disease state. In ulcerative colitis, the environment seems to play a crucial role in disease etiology since monozygotic twins show a concordance rate of only 8%-10%-though it is unclear whether it does so by acting through the microbiome. In this study, the authors investigated the influence of cohabitation on the gut microbial community in healthy partners of ulcerative colitis patients-with the intent of clarifying some of these issues. As expected, ulcerative colitis patients had a significant dysbiosis and alterations in microbial metabolism. Interestingly, these abnormal fecal microbial communities were relatively similar amongst patients and their spouses. Thus, this study shows that the microbial profile might be partially transferred from ulcerative colitis patients to healthy individuals. Whether this finding impacts on disease development or has any implication for the role of the microbiome in inflammatory bowel disease etiology remains to be determined.

关键词： ulcerative colitis Cohabitation Spouses Gut microbiome

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Summary of Useful Concepts About the Coordination of Directional Overcurrent Protections

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CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems 2019年第3期5卷 382-390页

作者： Elmer sorrentino Naren Gupta Universidad Simon Bolivar Apdo.Postal 89.000Caracas 1080Venezuela Edinburgh Napier University Edinburgh EH105DTUK

This paper summarizes some useful concepts about the coordination of directional overcurrent *** following key topics are described:the analysis of systems in a ring configuration and only one source of short-circuit currents;the impossibility of obtaining selectivity for all the possible system configurations with multiple sources;the need for inverse functions in order to obtain selectivity in systems with multiple sources;the coordination with protections for radial loads;the coordination between instantaneous and delayed functions;the considerations to select the pickup values;the influence of contributions from motors to short circuit currents;the transient configurations due to sequential trips at both line ends;the influence of dynamic behavior of overcurrent functions;the influence of stability constraints;other specific considerations for ground functions;some specific considerations for systems with distributed generation.A summary of these points and their effect on the coordination of directional overcurrent protections is not available in the current *** novel description should facilitate the inclusion of these key points in research and coordination studies related to these protective functions.

关键词： Coordination of protective relays directional overcurrent protection directional overcurrent relays directional overcurrent functions power system protection

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Enhancing the response of CALUX and CAFLUX cell bioassays for quantitative detection of dioxin-like compounds

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Science China Chemistry 2010年第5期53卷 1010-1016页

作者： BASTON David S. KHAN Elaine sorrentino Claudio DENISON Michael S. Laboratorium voor Analytische en Milieu Chemie Vrije Universiteit Brussel Pesticide Epidemiology Section Pesticide and Environmental Toxicology BranchOffice of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment Human and Ecological Risk Office Brownfields and Environmental Restoration ProgramDepartment of Toxic Substances Control Department of Environmental Toxicology University of California

Reporter genes produce a protein product in transfected cells that can be easily measured in intact or lysed cells and they have been extensively used in numerous basic and applied research *** the past 10 years,reporter gene assays have been widely accepted and used for analysis of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin and related dioxin-like compounds in various types of matrices,such as biological,environmental,food and feed samples,given that high-resolution instrumental analysis techniques are impractical for large-scale screening *** most sensitive cell-based reporter gene bioassay systems developed are the mechanism-based CALUX(Chemically Activated Luciferase Expression) and CAFLUX(Chemically Activated Fluorescent Expression) bioassays,which utilize recombinant cell lines containing stably transfected dioxin(AhR) responsive firefly luciferase or enhanced green fluorescent protein(EGFP) reporter genes,*** the current CALUX and CAFLUX bioassays are very sensitive,increasing their lower limit of sensitivity,magnitude of response and dynamic range for chemical detection would significantly increase their utility,particularly for those samples that contain low levels of dioxin-like HAHs(i.e.,serum) .In this study,we report that the addition of modulators of cell signaling pathways or modification of cell culture conditions results in significant improvement in the magnitude and overall responsiveness of the existing CALUX and CAFLUX cell bioassays.

关键词： dioxin reporter gene bioassay CALUX CAFLUX

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Contrast-enhanced sonography versus biopsy for the differential diagnosis of thrombosis in hepatocellular carcinoma patients

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2009年第18期15卷 2245-2251页

作者： Paolo sorrentino Salvatore D'Angelo Luciano Tarantino Umberto Ferbo Alessandra Bracigliano Raffaela Vecchione Liver Unit Clinical and Experimental HepatologyDepartment of Internal MedicineS.G.Moscati Hospital83100 AvellinoItaly Department of Biomorphological Science University of Naples Federico Ⅱ80131 NaplesItaly Hepatology and Interventional Ultrasound Unit S.Giovanni di Dio HospitalASL 380027 FrattamaggioreNaplesItaly Institute of Pathology S.G.Moscati Hospital83100 AvellinoItaly

AIM:To clarify which method has accuracy:2nd gen-eration contrast-enhanced ultrasound or biopsy of portal vein thrombus in the differential diagnosis of portal vein ***:One hundred and eighty-six patients with hepatocellular carcinoma and portal vein thrombosis underwent in blinded fashion a 2nd generation contrast-enhanced ultrasound and biopsy of portal vein thrombus;both results were examined on the basis of the follow-up of patients compared to ***:One hundred and eight patients completed the *** thrombosis on 2nd generation contrast-enhanced ultrasound was characterised by progressive hypoenhancing of the thrombus;in malignant portal vein thrombosis there was a precocious homo-geneous enhancement of the *** follow-up there were 50 of 108 patients with benign thrombosis:all were correctly diagnosed by both *** were 58 of 108 patients with malignant thrombosis:amongst these,52 were correctly diagnosed by both methods,the remainder did not present malignant cells on portal vein thrombus biopsy and showed on 2nd generation contrast-enhanced ultrasound an inho-mogeneous enhancement pattern.A new biopsy during the follow-up,guided to the area of thrombus that showed up on 2nd generation contrast-enhanced ultra-sound,demonstrated an enhancing pattern indicating malignant ***:In patients with hepatocellular carcinoma complicated by portal vein thrombosis,2nd generation contrast-enhanced ultrasound of portal vein thrombus is very useful in assessing the benign or malignant nature of the *** biopsy of thrombus is usually accurate but presents some sampling errors,so,when pathological results are required,2nd generation contrast-enhanced ultrasound could guide the sampling needle to the correct area of the thrombus.

关键词： Hepatocellular carcinoma 2nd generationcontrast enhanced ultrasound Contrast enhancedsonography Malignant thrombosis Portal vein biopsy

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Myeloperoxidase-a link between inflammation and cardiovascular disease

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2007年第4期4卷 213-214页

作者： Matthew J.sorrentino Department of Medicine University of Chicago Pritzker School of Medicine 5842 S. Maryland Ave MC 6080Chicago

　　The majority of acute myocardial infarctions occur because of the sudden development of a thrombus in a coronary artery. The thrombus is frequently associated with a ruptured plaque releasing tissue factor into th... 详细信息

关键词： MPO Myeloperoxidase-a link between inflammation and cardiovascular disease HDL LDL STEMI

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