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Individual Differences in Blood Alcohol Concentrations after Moderate Drinking Are Mainly Regulated by Gastric Emptying Rate Together with Ethanol Distribution Volume

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2012年第6期3卷 732-737页

作者： Shunji Oshima Takeshi Haseba chiaki masuda Ema Kakimi Manabu Sami Tomomasa Kanda Youkichi Ohno Department of Legal Medicine Nippon Medical School Tokyo Japan. Research Laboratories for Fundamental Technology of Food Asahi Group Holdings Ltd. Ibaraki Japan

Blood alcohol concentration (BAC) differs greatly among individuals, even when people of the same sex and age drink alcohol under the same drinking conditions. In this study, we investigated the main factors involved in the internal reg-ulation of individual differences in BAC, focusing on the alcohol dehydrogenase 1B (ADH1B) genotype, blood acetal-dehyde concentration (BAcH), amount of habitual alcohol consumption, pharmacokinetic parameters of BAC, distribution volume of ethanol (Vd), and gastric emptying rate (GER) under the same drinking conditions. Twenty healthy Japanese males aged between 40 and 59 years old and having the aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) genotype of ALDH 2*1/*2 were recruited for this study. The subjects were given 0.32 g ethanol/kg body weight in the form of commercially available beer (5%, v/v). The results showed that BAC-max differed greatly among individuals with a more than two-fold variation. When the BAC-time curve was compared among ADH1B genotypes (ADH1B*1/*1, *1/*2, and *2/*2), there were no differences in BAC among the genotypes. Although BAcH, monthly alcohol consumption, elimination rate of blood ethanol (β value) and ethanol disappearance rate from the body (EDR) can affect BAC, all of them had no correlations with BAC-max. However, Vd (liter/kg), ΔPlasma glucose concentration (ΔPGC = PGC30 min ? PGC0 min) and the serum concentration of gastric inhibitory polypeptide (GIP) did correlate with BAC-max. Model 2 in multiple linear regression analysis showed the optimal model for Vd and GIP with positive correlations with BAC-max. As GIP and ΔPGC are both reflected by gastric emptying rate (GER), we concluded that the individual differences in BAC after moderate drinking are mainly regulated by GER together with Vd. These findings demonstrate that together with body water content, the gastrointestinal tract plays an important role in the regulation of individual differences in BAC, involving first pass metabolism of ethanol.

关键词： Individual Differences Blood Ethanol Concentration Moderate Drinking Gastric Emptying Rate Distribution Volume

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Nondestructive and active interrogation system for special nuclear material:proof of principle and initial results

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第5期35卷 216-225页

作者： Mahmoud Bakr Kai masuda Yoshiyuki Takahashi Tsuyoshi Misawa Norio Yamakawa Tomas Scott Institute of Advanced Energy Kyoto UniversityGokashoUjiKyoto 611‑0011Japan School of Physics University of BristolBs81TL Tyndall AvenueBristolUK Physics Department Faculty of ScienceAssiut UniversityAssiut 71516Egypt Research Reactor Institute Kyoto University2 Asashiro‑NishiKumatoriOsaka 590‑0494Japan Pony Industry Co.Ltd. 2‑3‑6 Kitakyuhoji‑MachiChuo‑KuOsaka 541‑0057Japan Astral Neutronics LTD Unit H5HallenBristol BS107SBUK

Herein,we employ the threshold energy neutron analysis(TENA)technique to introduce the world's first active interrogation system to detect special nuclear materials(SNMs),including U-235 and *** system utilizes a DD neutron generator based on inertial electrostatic confinement(IEC)to interrogate suspicious *** detect secondary neutrons produced during fission reactions induced in SNMs,a tensioned metastable fluid detector(TMFD)is *** current status of the system's development is reported in this paper,accompanied by the results from experiments conducted to detect 10 g of highly enriched uranium(HEU).Notably,the experimental findings demonstrate a distinct difference in the count rates of measurements with and without *** difference in count rates surpasses two times the standard deviation,indicating a confidence level of more than 96% for identifying the presence of *** paper presents and extensively discusses the proof-of-principle experimental results,along with the system's planned trajectory.

关键词： Special nuclear materials Uranium detection Inertial electrostatic confinement fusion TENA HEU CTMFD

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Individual Differences in Blood Alcohol Concentrations after Moderate Drinking Are Mainly Regulated by Gastric Emptying Rate Together with Ethanol Distribution Volume

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Food and Nutrition Sciences（食品与营养科学） 2012年第6期

作者： Shunji Oshima Takeshi Haseba chiaki masuda Ema Kakimi Manabu Sami Tomomasa Kanda Youkichi Ohno

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Study on Distribution of Four Pseudomonas Species in Living Environment Using Multiplex PCR

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Open Journal of Stomatology 2024年第2期14卷 77-86页

作者： Sachiyo Hayashi Koji Umezawa Osamu Tsuzukibashi Akira Fukatsu Mana Fuchigami chiaki Komine Hiroshi Yamamoto Mio Hagiwara-Hamano Yukiko Iizuka Satoshi Uchibori Masanobu Wakami Hiroshi Murakami Taira Kobayashi Masahiko Fukumoto Takato Nomoto Department of Special Needs Dentistry Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo Chiba Japan Department of Laboratory Medicine for Dentistry for the Compromised Patient Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo Chiba Japan Department of Oral Surgery Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo Chiba Japan Department of Fixed Prosthodontics Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo Chiba Japan Department of Oral Implantology Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo Chiba Japan

Purpose: The genus Pseudomonas is a ubiquitous microorganism frequently detected from immunocompromised patients. The inherent resistance to numerous antimicrobial agents contributes to the opportunistic character of this pathogen exhaustive monitoring of this pathogen is considered of critical importance to public health organizations. The reliable identification method able to distinguish genetic close Pseudomonas species is needed, because these organisms are difficult to differentiate by phenotypic or biochemical methods. The purpose of the present study was to design species-specific primers in order to identify and detect four Pseudomonas species which are frequently detected from the human oral cavities, and to investigate the distribution of these organisms in the living environment using a multiplex PCR. Methods: Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) primers were designed based on partial sequences of the rpoD gene of four Pseudomonas species. Swab samples were collected from fifty washstands, and the distribution of Pseudomonas species was investigated using a conventional PCR at genus level and a multiplex PCR at species level. Results: Multiplex PCR method developed in this study was able to distinguish four Pseudomonas species clearly. The genus Pseudomonas was detected from all samples (100%), whereas P. putida, P, aeruginosa, P. stutzeri and P. fluorescens were detected at 44%, 8%, 4% and 2% in fifty swab samples, respectively. Conclusion: Our developed one-step multiplex PCR method is accurate, specific, cost-effective, time-saving, and works without requiring DNA extraction. It was indicated that washstands were the uninhabitable environment for P. putida, P, aeruginosa, P. stutzeri and P. fluorescens.

关键词： Genus Pseudomonas Multiplex PCR Living Environment

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Adsorption of ^133Cs and ^87Sr on pumice tuff：A comparative study between powder and intact solid phase

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Acta Geochimica 2017年第2期36卷 224-231页

作者： Mohammad Rajib chiaki T.Oguchi Graduate School of Science and Engineering Saitama University 255 Shimo Okubo Sakura ku Saitama shi Saitama 338-8570 Japan Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission Paramanu Bhaban E-12/A Sher-e-Banglanagar Dhaka 1207 Bangladesh Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Saitama University 255 Shimo Okubo Sakura ku Saitama shi Saitama 338-8570 Japan

This study examines the use of intact samples as an alternative to powder in conventional batch sorption studies to determine the distribution coefficient(K_d).Stable cesium(^(133)Cs) and strontium(^(87)Sr) were used under specified geochemical conditions to compare the Kdvalues of powder and block pumice tuff samples. The aim of the study was to infer any Kddifference under laboratory and field conditions. Kdvalues for block samples were found to be less than one order of magnitude lower than powder materials for both Cs and Sr on fresh tuff, and more than one order of magnitude lower in oxidized tuff. Destruction of micropores in oxidized tuff was estimated to be mainly responsible for reducing Kdvalues in oxidized tuff. However, approximately one order of magnitude difference in Kdvalues indicates that homogenously prepared intact samples can be used for sorption coefficient measurement at closer to in situ conditions. Pore size distribution analysis using mercury intrusion porosimetry revealed that lower Kdvalues on block samples result from lower surface area available as sorption sites due to inaccessible closed pores in the intact solid.

关键词： Cesium Strontium Pumice tuff Adsorption

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Ag7(MBISA)6 Nanoclusters Conjugated with Quinacrine for FRET-Enhanced Photodynamic Activity under Visible Light Irradiation

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物理化学学报 2018年第7期34卷 805-811页

作者： TOMINAGA chiaki HIKOSOU Dailo OSAKA Issey KAWASAK Hideya Department of Chemistry and Materials Engineering Faculty of Chemistry Materials and Bioengineering Kansai University Suita-shi Osaka 564-8680 Japan Center for Nano Materials and Technology Advanced Institute of Science and Technology 1-1 A

Singlet oxygen(1 O2) plays an important role in various applications, such as in the photodynamic therapy(PDT) of cancers,photodynamic inactivation of microorganisms, photo-degradation of toxic compounds, and photo-oxidation in synthetic chemistry. Recently,water-soluble metal nanoclusters(NCs) have been utilized as photosensitizers for the generation of highly reactive 1 O2 because of their high water solubility, low toxicity, and surface functionalizability for targeted substances. In the case of metal NC-based photosensitizers, the photo-physical properties depend on the core size of the NCs and the core/ligand interfacial structures. A wide range of atomically precise gold NCs have been reported; however, reports on the synthesis of atomically precise silver NCs are limited due to the high reactivity and low photostability(i.e., easy oxidation) of Ag NCs. In addition, there have been few reports on what kinds of metal NCs can generate large amounts of 1 O2. In this study, we developed a new one-pot synthesis method of water-soluble Ag7(MBISA)6(MBISA= 2-mercapto-5-benzimidazolesulfonic acid sodium salt) NCs with highly efficient 1 O2 generation ability under the irradiation of white light emitting diodes(LEDs). The molecular formula and purity were determined by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry and gel electrophoresis. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on atomically precise thiolate silver clusters(Agn(SR)m) for efficient 1 O2 generation under visible light irradiation. The 1 O2 generation efficiency of Ag7(MBISA)6 NCs was higher than those of the following known water-soluble metal NCs: bovine serum albumin(BSA)-Au25 NCs,BSA-Ag8 NCs, BSA-Ag14 NCs,Ag25(dihydrolipoic acid)14 NCs,Ag35(glutathione)18 NCs,and Ag75(glutathione)40 NCs. The metal NCs examined in this study showed the following order of 1 O2 generation efficiency under white light irradiation: Ag7(MBISA)6 > BSA-Ag14 > Ag75(SG)40 > Ag35(SG)18 >BSA-Au25 >>BSA-Ags(not detected)

关键词： Silver nanoclusters Singlet oxygen Photodynamic therapy Organic dyes FRET Hybrid photosensitizers

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On Descriptions of Products of Simplices

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Chinese Annals of Mathematics,Series B 2021年第5期42卷 777-790页

作者： Li YU Mikiya masuda Department of Mathematics Nanjing UniversityNanjing210093China Department of Mathematics Osaka City UniversitySugimotoSumiyoshi-kuOsaka 558-8585Japan

The authors give several new criteria to judge whether a simple convex polytope in a Euclidean space is combinatorially equivalent to a product of simplices. These criteria are mixtures of combinatorial, geometrical and topological conditions that are inspired by the ideas from toric topology. In addition, they give a shorter proof of a well known criterion on this subject.

关键词： Convex polytope Product of simplices Moment-angle complex

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Incompressible SPH simulation of solitary wave propagation on permeable beaches

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2020年第4期32卷 664-671页

作者： chiaki Tsurudome Dongfang Liang Yuma Shimizu Abbas Khayyer Hitoshi Gotoh Department of Engineering University of CambridgeTrumpington StreetCambridgeUK Graduate School of Engineering Kyoto UniversityKyotoJapan

Wave propagation on uniformly sloped beaches is a canonical coastal engineering topic that has been studied extensively in the past few ***,most of these studies treat beaches as solid boundaries even though they are often made of porous materials,such as sediment and *** beaches struck by tsunami-like waves have not been adequately *** is expected that the degree of penneability plays a crucial role in mitigating the impact of the *** study examines solitary wave run-ups on sandy beaches using an incompressible smoothed particle hydrodynamics(ISPH)*** permeability of the beach is considered to be directly related to the diameter of its constituent sand *** obtain a satisfactory pressure field,which cannot be achieved using the original ISPH algorithm,the source term of the pressure Poisson equation has been modified based on a higher-order source-term *** within the porous medium are computed in the same framework as those outside the porous *** the current model,no transition zone is needed at the boundary of the porous *** wave-attenuation effect of the porous medium is discussed,with a particular focus on the relationship between the mn-up height and grainsize.

关键词： Solitary wave porosity incompressible smoothed particle hydrodynamics(ISPH) run-up

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Geochemical behavior of rare-earth elements and other major and minor elements in sound-producing and silent beach sands in Japan

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Chinese Journal Of Geochemistry 2007年第1期26卷 35-45页

作者： chiaki Igarashi Naotatsu Shikazono Haruhiro Otani Graduate School of Science and Technology Keio University3-14-1 HiyoshiKohoku-kuYokohama223-8522Japan Faculty of Science and Technology Department of Applied ChemistryEnvironmental GeochemistryKeio University3-14-1 HiyoshiKohoku-kuYokohama223-8522Japan

The major element composition of sound-producing sand is reported together with rare-earth elements (REE) and other selected elements for the first time. Rare-earth element concentrations in beach sands from Miyagi and Tottori in Japan were determined by induction-coupled, argon-plasma spectrometry (ICP-MS) to characterize the REE of sound-producing and silent sands relative to the parental rocks. Sound-producing sand beaches are very common and all over in Japan: five beaches in Miyagi and 2 in Tottori are selected with other silent sand beaches in the areas. Both sound-producing sand and silent sand samples from Miyagi and Tottori contain more than 60wt% of SiO2 and are composed mainly of quartz and feldspar. Miyagi sand samples are characterized by light REE enrichment and flat chondrite-normalized patterns that are similar to those of local source sandstone. However, all sand samples from Miyatojima in Miyagi show positive Eu anomalies, a characteristic feature not shown in other sand samples from Miyagi. Tottori sand samples also are characterized by high REE contents and remarkable positive Eu anomalies. The sands containing lower REE contents are due to high quartz and feldspar contents. Miyatojima sand samples and Tottori sand samples have high REE contents and show remarkable positive Eu anomalies due to the presence of feldspar. The best results are obtained using all of the geological methods and the Principal Component Analysis (PCA) as a measure of the similarity between sound-producing sand and silent sand. The difference between sound-producing sand and silent sand is obtained from the PCA results.

关键词：日本发声沙滩无声沙滩稀土元素常量元素微量元素地球化学行为

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Broadband FIR absorption spectra of lowdensity polyethylene sheets containing six different antioxidants and estimation of their contents by chemometric analysis

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High Voltage 2019年第3期4卷 161-166页

作者： Takaaki Ogishima chiaki Kuroda Naoshi Hirai Yoshimichi Ohki Department of Electrical Engineering and Bioscience Waseda UniversityShinjuku-kuTokyo 169-8555Japan Research Institute for Materials Science and Technology Waseda UniversityShinjuku-kuTokyo 169-8555Japan Cooperative Major in Nuclear Energy Waseda UniversityShinjuku-kuTokyo169-8555Japan

Antioxidants are usually added to polymeric insulating materials to suppress oxidative ***,the details of antioxidant added to a polymer are often not *** the other hand,compared to mid-infrared absorption spectroscopy,terahertz(THz)absorption spectroscopy,and far-infrared(FIR)absorption spectroscopy have not been performed so *** on the above backgrounds,six different kinds of antioxidants were added into low-density polyethylene sheets with four different contents,and their THz and FIR absorption spectra were *** a result,it has become clear that each antioxidant shows its specific absorption peaks,by which the antioxidants can be ***,the antioxidant content can be estimated by the absorption intensity of the specific peak.A chemometric analysis can make the estimation more accurately than a simple comparison of absorption intensity.

关键词： FIR absorption estimation

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