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Serum Iron Overload Triggers the SMAD Pathway and Induces Hepcidin Expression in Hepatocytes through SMURF1

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Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology 2024年第9期12卷 761-762页

作者： Taha Yazal chia-Yang Li School of Medicine College of MedicineKaohsiung Medical UniversityKaohsiung Graduate Institute of Medicine College of MedicineKaohsiung Medical UniversityKaohsiung Department of Medical Research Kaohsiung Medical University HospitalKaohsiung Department of Biological Science and Technology National Pingtung University of Science and TechnologyPingtung

Dear Editors,In the article“Serum Iron Overload Activates the SMAD Pathway and Hepcidin Expression of Hepatocytes via SMURF1”,Ning Zhang et *** the molecular mechanisms linking serum iron overload to hepcidin expression,emphasizing the role of SMURF1 as a pivotal regulator of the bone morphogenetic proteins(BMP)/SMAD pathway in response to holo-transferrin induction.1 This research is significant given hepcidin’s crucial role in iron homeostasis and the pathophysiology of iron overload disorders,such as hereditary hemochromatosis.

关键词： Serum SMAD al.

Optimism,Social Support,and Caregiving Burden among the Long-Term Caregivers:The Mediating Effect of Psychological Resilience

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International Journal of Mental Health Promotion 2024年第9期26卷 697-708页

作者： chia-Hui Hou Po-Lin Chen Department of Gerontology and Health Care Management Chang Gung University of Science and TechnologyTaoyuan33303Taiwan Department of Psychology and Counseling National Taipei University of EducationTaipei106Taiwan

Background:As the elderly population grows,the demand for long-term care services is *** significant investments in care quality and workforce training,long-term care workers often face challenges such as work fatigue,heavy workloads,and inadequate *** issues can impact job satisfaction,mental health,and care quality,leading to staff *** study examines how optimism,social support,and psychological resilience relate to caregiving burden,aiming to understand their effects on caregivers’well-being and performance to enhance the quality of long-term care ***:The participants were 542 long-term care *** statistics,t-tests,one-way ANOVA,and hierarchical regression were used for data ***:(1)Optimism and social support were significantly and positively correlated with psychological resilience and significantly and negatively associated with caregiving burden.(2)Regarding differences in optimism,social support,psychological resilience,and caregiving burden among long-term care workers,females scored significantly higher than males in“social support;”married workers scored significantly higher than unmarried workers in“optimism,”“social support,”and“psychological resilience”;workers aged 45–65 scored significantly higher than those aged 25–45 in“optimism”;workers aged 25–45 scored significantly higher than those aged 45–65 in“caregiving burden”;social workers scored significantly higher than nursing staff in“optimism.”(3)Psychological resilience partially mediated the relationship between social support and caregiving burden concerning explanatory and predictive ***:These findings suggest that optimism,social support,and psychological resilience are essential factors in reducing the caregiving burden among long-term care *** study highlights the importance of promoting psychological resilience and providing social support to alleviate the burden of caregiving.

关键词： Long-term care optimism social support psychological resilience caregiving burden

New signature of low mass Z'in J/ψdecays

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Chinese Physics C 2024年第8期48卷 1-5页

作者： Chao-Qiang Geng chia-Wei Liu Jiabao Zhang School of Fundamental Physics and Mathematical Sciences Hangzhou Institute for Advanced StudyUCASHangzhou 310024China Tsung-Dao Lee Institute&School of Physics and Astronomy Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Institute of Theoretical Physics University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China

We explored a new approach to search for a low-mass Z′particle through J/ψdecays by identifying its existence through parity-violating phenomena in the isospin-violating final states ofΛΣ¯^(0)and the corresponding charge conjugated states ofΛΣ¯^(0).Our investigation centered on a generation-independent and leptophobic Z′with mass below 10 *** the present experimental conditions at Beijing Spectrometer III(BESIII)and the anticipated opportunities at the Super Tau Charm Factory(STCF),we conducted Monte-Carlo simulations to predict possible events at both ***,we foresee a substantial enhancement in the precision of the lower limit estimation ofαNP as well as a reduction in statistical uncertainty with upcoming STCF ***,it is essential to highlight that a null result in the measurement ofαNP would impose stringent constraints,requiring the Z′−q−q couplings to be in the order of 10^(−2).

关键词： Z′ parity violation J/ψ

Hypermethylation of the ALOX12 and CBS promoters in osteoporosis:Potential biomarkers for early diagnosis

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Genes & Diseases 2024年第1期11卷 30-33页

作者： Shang Guo Yue Wu Weekai chia Peichun Hsu Hongwei Wang Yunliang Wang Biao Zhong Department of Orthopedic Surgery Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai 200023China Institute of Translational Medicine Shanghai General HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine(SJTU-SM)Shanghai 200025China The University of Chicago Department of MedicineChicagoIL 60637USA Department of Neurology The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouHenan 450014China

As a bone-confined chronic degenerative disorder,the progression of osteoporosis is characterized by abnormal crosstalk between osteoblasts and osteoclasts,leading to an imbalance of bone remodeling in adults.1 Several studies reported that arachidonic acid ester 12 lipoxygenase(ALOX12)acts as a regulator in bone genesis by participating in the activation of the peroxisome proliferatoractivated receptor(PPARG)pathway through its reaction product.

关键词： osteoporosis diagnosis remodeling

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第1期12卷 176-179页

作者： Hsin-chia Angela Lin Kam-Fai Lee Tzu Hao Huang Division of General Surgery Department of SurgeryChang Gung Memorial HospitalChiayi 613Taiwan Department of Anatomic Pathology Chang Gung Memorial HospitalChiayi 613Taiwan

BACKGROUND Gastric IgG4-related disease(IgG4-RD)is rarely encountered in clinical practice,and especially more so among pediatric *** our knowledge,this is the first report of IgG4-RD presenting as a calcifying gastric mass in a *** describe how this entity was difficult to differentiate from a gastrointestinal stromal tumor(GIST)imaging-based ***,this case highlights the importance of considering IgG4-RD in the differential diagnosis of gastric tumor before performing surgical resection,especially to distinguish it from malignancy to avoid unnecessary *** SUMMARY The patient suffered from epigastric pain for several *** and computed tomography scan revealed a submucosal *** diagnoses included GIST,leiomyoma,teratoma,and mucinous ***,laparoscopic proximal gastrectomy allowed for the definitive diagnosis of IgG4-related stomach *** We emphasize the importance of considering IgG4-RD in the differential diagnosis of gastric submucosal tumors before performing surgical resection.

关键词： IgG4-related disease Gastrointestinal stromal tumor Child Pediatric Case report

Can ChatGPT be used to generate scientific hypotheses?

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Journal of Materiomics 2024年第3期10卷 578-584页

作者： Yang Jeong Park Daniel Kaplan Zhichu Ren chia-Wei Hsu Changhao Li Haowei Xu Sipei Li Ju Li Department of Nuclear Science and Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology77 Massachusetts AvenueCambridgeMA02139USA Institute of New Media and Communications Seoul National University1 Gwanak-roGwanak-guSeoul08826Republic of Korea Department of Condensed Matter Physics Weizmann Institute of ScienceRehovot7610001Israel Department of Materials Science and Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology77 Massachusetts AvenueCambridgeMA02139USA Global Technology Applied Research JPMorgan Chase237 Park AveNew YorkNY10017USA

We investigate whether large language models can perform the creative hypothesis generation that human researchers regularly *** the error rate is high,generative AI seems to be able to effectively structure vast amounts of scientific knowledge and provide interesting and testable *** future scientific enterprise may include synergistic efforts with a swarm of“hypothesis machines”,challenged by automated experimentation and adversarial peer reviews.

关键词： large language models scientific hypothesis generation generative AI GPT-4

Automatic fovea detection and choroid segmentation for choroidal thickness assessment in optical coherence tomography

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2024年第10期17卷 1763-1771页

作者： Chen Yu Lin Hung Ju Chen Yi Kit Chan Wei Ping Hsia Yu Len Huang chia Jen Chang Department of Ophthalmology Taichung Veterans General HospitalTaichung 407TaiwanChina Department of Computer Science Tunghai UniversityTaichung 407TaiwanChina

AIM:To develop an automated model for subfoveal choroidal thickness(SFCT)detection in optical coherence tomography(OCT)images,addressing manual fovea location and choroidal contour ***:Two procedures were proposed:defining the fovea and segmenting the *** localization from B-scan OCT image sequence with three-dimensional reconstruction(LocBscan-3D)predicted fovea location using central foveal depression features,and fovea localization from two-dimensional en-face OCT(LocEN-2D)used a mask region-based convolutional neural network(Mask R-CNN)model for optic disc detection,and determined the fovea location based on optic disc relative *** segmentation also employed Mask ***:For 53 eyes in 28 healthy subjects,LocBscan-3D’s mean difference between manual and predicted fovea locations was 170.0μm,LocEN-2D yielded 675.9μ***-2D performed better in non-high myopia group(P=0.02).SFCT measurements from Mask R-CNN aligned with manual ***:Our models accurately predict SFCT in OCT ***-3D excels in precise fovea localization even with high ***-2D shows high detection rates but lower accuracy especially in the high myopia *** both models offers a robust SFCT assessment approach,promising efficiency and accuracy for large-scale studies and clinical use.

关键词： subfoveal choroidal thickness optical coherence tomography automatic foveal detection automatic choroid segmentation

Pancreatic pseudocyst:The past,the present,and the future

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2024年第7期16卷 1986-2002页

作者： Jonathan GA Koo Matthias Yi Quan Liau Igor A Kryvoruchko Tamer AAM Habeeb Christopher chia Vishal G Shelat Department of General Surgery Khoo Teck Puat HospitalSingapore 768828Singapore Lee Kong chian School of Medicine Nanyang Technological UniversitySingapore 308232Singapore Department of Surgery No.2 Kharkiv National Medical UniversityKharkiv 61022Ukraine Department of General Surgery Faculty of Medicine Zagazig UniversitySharkia 44511Egypt Department of Gastroenterology Woodlands General HospitalSingapore 737628Singapore Department of General Surgery Tan Tock Seng HospitalSingapore 308433Singapore

A pancreatic pseudocyst is defined as an encapsulated fluid collection with a welldefined inflammatory wall with minimal or no *** diagnosis cannot be made prior to 4 wk after the onset of *** clinical presentation is often nonspecific,with abdominal pain being the most common *** a diagnosis is suspected,contrast-enhanced computed tomography and/or magnetic resonance imaging are performed to confirm the diagnosis and assess the characteristics of the *** ultrasound with cyst fluid analysis can be performed in cases of diagnostic *** of the pancreas can lead to complications such as hemorrhage,infection,and *** management of pancreatic pseudocysts depends on the presence of symptoms and the development of complications,such as biliary or gastric outlet *** options include endoscopic or surgical *** aim of this review was to summarize the current literature on pancreatic pseudocysts and discuss the evolution of the definitions,diagnosis,and management of this condition.

关键词： Pancreatic pseudocyst Pancreatic fluid collection Cystic pancreatic lesions Pancreatitis Endoscopic ultrasound

Neuroprotective Effects of MIP-15 Peptide from Morchella importuna Against Ischemic-Hypoxic Brain Damage in Rats

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年

作者： Chuan Xiong Ping Li Qiang Luo chia Wei Phan Xin Jin Wenli Huang Biotechnology and Nuclear Technology Research Institute， Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences The Second Affiliated Hospital， Chongqing Medical University Department of Anatomy， Faculty of Medicine， Universiti Malaya

Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) is a prominent cause of neuronal damage and neonatal death， and effective treatment strategies remain limited. In a prior investigation， we purified a novel peptide (designated MIP-15) from the rare mushroom Morchella importuna， demonstrating its notable free radical scavenging activity. Nevertheless， the potential neuroprotective role of MIP-15 in neonatal hypoxic-ischemic brain damage (HIBD) and its underlying mechanism remain elusive. The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether MIP-15 exerts neuroprotective effects by inhibiting the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway after HIBD. A HIBD model in 7-day-old (P7) rats was established by the Rice–Vannucci method to evaluate the effect of MIP-15 on the neurological damage severity and space cognitive ability of rats. Subsequently， an oxygen glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) model was established in rat primary hippocampal neurons to explore the mechanism of MIP-15 action. Both in vivo and in vitro data showed that MIP-15 markedly restored endogenous antioxidative activity， decreased brain water content， and ameliorated pathological abnormalities following HIBD. The spatial cognitive ability and motor function of HIBD rats were also repaired. Moreover， in primary hippocampal neurons after OGD/R， MIP-15 increased cell viability by inhibiting the mitochondrial-dependent apoptosis pathway， as manifested by stabilization of the mitochondrial membrane potential， prevention of the release of cytochrome c， upregulation of Bcl-2/Bax， and reduction in the triggering of caspase proteins. These data indicate that MIP-15 may have the potential to act as a neuroprotective agent.

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