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Silk fibroin as an additive for cell-free protein synthesis

Synthetic and Systems Biotechnology 2020年第3期5卷 145-154页

作者： Marilyn S.Lee chia-suei hung Daniel A.Phillips Chelsea C.Buck Maneesh K.Gupta Matthew W.Lux US Army Combat Capabilities Development Command Chemical and Biological Center 8567 Ricketts Point RoadAberdeen Proving GroundMD21010USA US Air Force Research Laboratory 217912th St.B652/R122 Wright-Patterson Air Force BaseOH45433USA US Naval Research Laboratory Center for Bio/Molecular Science and Engineering Bldg.42Room 3034555 Overlook Ave.WashingtonDC 20375UES Inc.4401 Dayton Xenia Rd.BeavercreekOH 45432USA

Cell-free systems contain many proteins and metabolites required for complex functions such as transcription and translation or multi-step metabolic *** into expanding the delivery of these systems by drying or by embedding into other materials is enabling new applications in sensing,point-of-need manufacturing,and responsive ***,silk fibroin from the silk worm,Bombyx mori,has received attention as a protective additive for dried enzyme formulations and as a material to build biocompatible hydrogels for controlled localization or delivery of biomolecular *** this work,we explore the effects of silk fibroin as an additive in cell-free protein synthesis(CFPS)*** of silk fibroin on CFPS activity and stability after drying,as well as the potential for incorporation of CFPS into hydrogels of crosslinked silk fibroin are *** find that simple addition of silk fibroin increased productivity of the CFPS reactions by up to 42%,which we attribute to macromolecular crowding ***,we did not find evidence that silk fibroin provides a protective effects after drying as previously described for purified ***,the enzymatic crosslinking transformations of silk fibroin typically used to form hydrogels are inhibited in the presence of the CFPS reaction *** attempts did not impact CFPS activity,but did yield localized protein aggregates rather than a *** discuss the mechanisms at play in these results and how the silk fibroin-CFPS system might be improved for the design of cell-free devices.

关键词： Cell-free systems Cell-free protein synthesis CFPS Silk fibroin Preservation

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Numerical Simulation of Radiation Transport to Improve Microalgae Cultivation in an Air-Lift Photobioreactor

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Journal of Thermal Science 2025年第1期34卷 62-76页

作者： ZHANG Xianbin LI Mingjia hung Tzuchen ZHANG Zixun Key Laboratory of Thermo-Fluid Science and Engineering of Ministry of Education School of Energy and Power EngineeringXi'an Jiaotong University School of Mechanical Engineering Beijing Institute of Technology Department of Mechanical Engineering Taipei University of Technology

A comprehensive numerical model is developed to simulate the growth of microalgae under light/dark cycling *** purpose of this study is to predict the growth rate of Chlorella vulgaris cultivated in photobioreactors(PBRs) in order to improve the light conditions for microalgae and enhance the photosynthetic *** fluid dynamics(CFD) is used to simulate its internal hydrodynamic *** Lagrangian method is employed to track the movement of microalgae *** radiative transfer equation(RTE)is used to obtain light intensity *** combination of light radiation field and microalgae cell motions is used to construct the light history and they are integrated into the model of the photosynthetic units(PSU) to calculate the microalgae growth *** numerical results demonstrate that enhanced light/dark cycling frequency with ordered mixing can promote efficient microalgae *** effect of the vortex flow field generated by the baffles in an air-lift PBR is analyzed for increasing microalgae growth *** using the 1:1 baffle spacing,the biomass production of microalgae is increased by 41.8% compared to the original PBR.

关键词： light distribution particle tracking photobioreactor structure optimization

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Role of metabolic dysfunction and inflammation along the liver-brain axis in animal models with obesity-induced neurodegeneration

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第4期20卷 1069-1076页

作者： Evridiki Asimakidou Eka Norfaishanty Saipuljumri Chih hung Lo Jialiu Zeng Department of Clinical Neurosciences University of CambridgeCambridgeUK School of Applied Science Republic PolytechnicSingaporeSingapore Lee Kong chian School of Medicine Nanyang Technological UniversitySingaporeSingapore

The interaction between metabolic dysfunction and inflammation is central to the development of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease and Parkinson’s ***-related conditions like type 2 diabetes and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease exacerbate this *** lipid accumulation,particularly in the liver,initiates a cascade of inflammatory processes that extend to the brain,influencing critical metabolic regulatory *** and palmitate,key lipid components,along with lipid transporters lipocalin-2 and apolipoprotein E,contribute to neuroinflammation by disrupting blood–brain barrier integrity and promoting *** insulin resistance further exacerbates brain insulin resistance and *** interventions targeting peripheral lipid metabolism and insulin signaling pathways have shown promise in reducing neuroinflammation in animal ***,translating these findings to clinical practice requires further investigation into human *** conclusion,metabolic dysfunction,peripheral inflammation,and insulin resistance are integral to neuroinflammation and *** these complex mechanisms holds potential for identifying novel therapeutic targets and improving outcomes for neurodegenerative diseases.

关键词： Alzheimer’s disease inflammatory cytokines insulin resistance lipid

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Privacy-preserving explainable AI: a survey

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2025年第1期68卷 23-56页

作者： Thanh Tam NGUYEN Thanh Trung HUYNH Zhao REN Thanh Toan NGUYEN Phi Le NGUYEN Hongzhi YIN Quoc Viet hung NGUYEN School of Information and Communication Technology Griffith University School of Computer and Communication Sciences Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science University of Bremen Faculty of Information Technology HUTECH University Department of Computer Science Hanoi University of Science and Technology School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science The University of Queensland

As the adoption of explainable AI(XAI) continues to expand, the urgency to address its privacy implications intensifies. Despite a growing corpus of research in AI privacy and explainability, there is little attention on privacy-preserving model explanations. This article presents the first thorough survey about privacy attacks on model explanations and their countermeasures. Our contribution to this field comprises a thorough analysis of research papers with a connected taxonomy that facilitates the categorization of privacy attacks and countermeasures based on the targeted explanations. This work also includes an initial investigation into the causes of privacy leaks. Finally, we discuss unresolved issues and prospective research directions uncovered in our analysis. This survey aims to be a valuable resource for the research community and offers clear insights for those new to this domain. To support ongoing research, we have established an online resource repository, which will be continuously updated with new and relevant findings.

关键词： privacy-preserving explainable AI privacy attacks privacy defences PrivEx PPXAI

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Defect inspection of indoor components in buildings using deep learning object detection and augmented reality

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Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration 2023年第1期22卷 41-54页

作者： Shun-Hsiang Hsu Ho-Tin hung Yu-Qi Lin chia-Ming Chang Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignUSA Department of Civil Engineering Taiwan University(NTU)TaiwanChina

Visual inspection is commonly adopted for building operation,maintenance,and *** durability and defects of components or materials in buildings can be quickly assessed through visual ***,implementations of visual inspection are substantially time-consuming,labor-intensive,and error-prone because useful auxiliary tools that can instantly highlight defects or damage locations from images are not ***,an advanced building inspection framework is developed and implemented with augmented reality(AR)and real-time damage detection in this *** this framework,engineers should walk around and film every corner of the building interior to generate the three-dimensional(3D)environment through ***,a trained YOLOv5 model real-time detects defects during this process,even in a large-scale field,and the defect locations indicating the detected defects are then marked in this 3D *** defects areas can be measured with centimeter-level accuracy with the light detection and ranging(LiDAR)on *** required damage information,including defect positions and sizes,is collected at a time and can be rendered in the 2D and 3D ***,this visual inspection can be efficiently conducted,and the previously generated environment can also be loaded to re-localize existing defect marks for future maintenance and change ***,the proposed framework is also implemented and verified by an underground parking lot in a building to detect and quantify surface defects on concrete *** seen in the results,the conventional building inspection is significantly improved with the aid of the proposed framework in terms of damage localization,damage quantification,and inspection efficiency.

关键词： visual inspection damage detection augmented reality damage quantification deep learning

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Impulsive force of debris flow on a curved dam

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2008年第2期23卷 149-158页

作者： Chjeng-Lun SHIEH chia-Hsien TING hung-Wen PAN Dept.of Hydraulic and Ocean Engineering Cheng-Kung UniversityTaiwanChinaProf Candidate Dept.of Hydraulic and Ocean EngineeringCheng-Kung UniversityTaiwanChinaPh.D. Dept.of Hydraulic and Ocean Engineering Cheng-Kung UniversityTaiwanChinaPostgraduate

Although Sabo dams are an efficient method for river and basin management,traditional Sabo dams have a great impact on ecology and ***,such dams are hit and often damaged by great impulsive force when they block the debris ***,alternative shapes for Sabo dam deserve thorough *** this investigation,a curved dam was designed by changing the upstream-dam-surface geometric shape to reduce the impulsive force of the debris flow,with enhanced stability and reduced concrete mass being the anticipated *** this study,the flume and laboratory facilities simulated the impulsive force of the debris flow to the Sabo *** geometric forms,including vertical,slanted and curved Sabo dams,were used to determine the impulsive *** force theories of the debris flow were derived from the momentum equation and the Bernoulli *** these,the impulsive force was balanced by the friction force of the Sabo dam and the opposite force of the load cell behind the dam as it was hit by the debris *** correlations were found when comparing the experimental data with the theoretical *** findings suggest that our impulsive force theory has predictive validity with regard to the experimental *** results from both theory and experimental data clearly show that curved dams were sustained less force than the other dams under the same debris *** comparison demonstrates the importance of curved geometry for a well-designed Sabo dam.

关键词： Debris flow Impulsive force Load cell Sabo dam

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Particle Trajectories in Nonlinear Water Wave on Uniform Current

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China Ocean Engineering 2008年第4期22卷 611-621页

作者： hung-Chu HSU Yang-Yih CHEN chia-Yan CHENG Wen-Jer TSENG Tainan Hydraulics Laboratory National Cheng Kung University Department of Marine Environment and Engineering National Sun Yat-Sen University Coastal and Offshore Resources Research Center Fisheries Research Institute Department of Civil Engineering Cheng Shiu University

The study in this paper is focusing on trajectories of particles in the irrotational progressive water waves coexisting with uniform current. The parametric equations of particle trajectories over a range of levels in a Lagrangian type of description are developed analytically via the Euler-Lagrange transformation. The Lagrangian wave period of particle motion differing from the Eulerian wave period and the mass transport can also be obtained directly. The third-order solution of particle trajectory exhibits that they do not move in closed orbital motion but represent a net movement that decreases exponentially with the water depth. Uniform current is found to have significant effect on the trajectories and drift velocity of gravity waves. Overall, the influence of increased uniform current is to increase the relative horizontal distance traveled by a particle, as well as the magnitude of the time-averaged drift velocity on the free surface. For adverse current cases, a reverse behavior is found. The obtained third-order solutions satisfy the irrotational condition contrasted to the Gerstner waves and are verified by reducing to those of two-dimensional gravity waves in Lagrangian coordinates.

关键词： wave current Lagrangian Euler- Lagrange transformation particle trajectory

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Activation of phagocytosis by immune checkpoint blockade

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Frontiers of Medicine 2018年第4期12卷 473-480页

作者： chia-Wei Li Yun-Ju Lai Jennifer L. Hsu Mien-Chie hung Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center Houston TX 77030 USA Department of Neurology McGovern Medical School The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston Houston TX 77030 USA

Inhibition of macrophage-mediated phagocytosis has emerged as an essential mechanism for tumor immune evasion. One mechanism inhibiting the innate response is the presence of the macrophage inhibitory molecule, signal regulatory protein-a （SIRPa）, on tumor-associated macrophages （TAMs） and its cognate ligand cluster of differentiation 47 （CD47） on tumor cells in the tumor microenvironment. On the basis of a recently discovered programmed death protein 1 （PD-1） in TAMs, we discuss the potential inhibitory receptors that possess new functions beyond T cell exhaustion in this review. As more and more immune receptors are found to be expressed on TAMs, the corresponding therapies may also stimulate macrophages for phagocytosis and thereby provide extra anti-tumor benefits in cancer therapy. Therefore, identification of biomarkers and combinatorial therapeutic strategies, have the potential to improve the efficacy and safety profiles of current immunotherapies.

关键词： CD47 PD-1 PD-L1 immunotherapy TAM phagocytosis macrophage

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Improving Supply Chain Performance Through Supplier Selection and Order Allocation Problem

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第1期70卷 1667-1681页

作者： chia-Nan Wang Ming-Cheng Tsou Chih-hung Wang Viet Tinh Nguyen Pham Ngo Thi Phuong Department of Industrial Engineering and Management National Kaohsiung University of Science and TechnologyKaohsiung80778Taiwan Department of Shipping Technology National Kaohsiung University of Science and TechnologyKaohsiung80778Taiwan Department of International Business Shih Chien UniversityTaipei80778Taiwan Faculty of Commerce Van Lang UniversityHo Chi Minh City70000Vietnam Faculty of Industrial Engineering and Management International UniversityHo Chi Minh City70000Vietnam

Suppliers play the vital role of ensuring the continuous supply of goods to themarket for *** businesses do not maintain a strong bond with their suppliers,they may not be able to secure a steady supply of goods and products for their *** a result of failure to deliver products,the production and business activities of the business can be delayed which leads to the loss of ***,each trading enterprise will have a variety of commodity supply chains withmultiple *** play an important role and contribute to the value of the entire supply *** any supplier encounters a problem,the whole supply chain of businesses will be affected and could lead to not guaranteeing the stable supply to the ***,suppliers can be seen as a threat to businesses where they have the ability to increase input prices or decrease the quality of the required products and services they *** quantity of the business,and the supply lead time directly affect the operations and reduce the profitability of the *** paper mainly focuses on the supplier selection problemunder a variety of price level and product families when using a two-phase fuzzy multi-objective linear *** objectives of the proposed model are to minimize the total purchasing and ordering cost in order to reduce the quantity of defective materials and the late-delivery components from ***,the piecewise linear membership function is applied in themodel to determine an optimal solution which is based on the requirement of decision makers under their fuzzy *** results of this study can be applied in various business environment and provide a reliable decision tool for choosing potential suppliers relating to these *** on the results,the company canmake a good decision on supplier selection;therefore,the company can improve the quality and quantity of their final *** is because,the best supplier can su

关键词： Supplier selection multi-objective linear programming multiprice level multi-product fuzzy sets

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An evaluation of the inflammatory response of lipopolysaccharide-treated primary dental pulp cells with regard to calcium silicate-based cements

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International Journal of Oral Science 2014年第2期6卷 94-98页

作者： Wei-Yun Lai chia-Tze Kao Chi-Jr hung Tsui-Hsien Huang Ming-You Shie School of Dentistry Chung Shan Medical University Department of Dentistry Chung Shan Medical University Hospital Institute of Oral Science Chung Shan Medical University

This study compared the biological changes of lipopolysaccharide （LPS）-treated dental pulp （DP） cells directly cultured on mineral trioxide aggregate （MTA） and calcium silicate （CS） cements. DP cells were treated with LPS for 24 h. Then, the LPS-treated DP cells were cultured on MTA or CS cements. Cell viability, cell death mechanism and interleukin （IL）-1β expressions were analysed. A one-way analysis of variance was used to evaluate the significance of the differences between the means. A significantly higher IL-1β expression （2.9-fold） was found for LPS-treated cells （P〈0.05） compared with DP cells without LPS treatment at 24 h. Absorbance values of LPS-treated cells cultured on CS cement were higher than a tissue culture plate. A significant difference （P〈0.05） in cell viability was observed between cells on CS and MTA cements 24 h after seeding. At 48 h, a high concentration of Si （5 mM） was released from MTA, which induced LPS-treated DP cell apoptosis. The present study demonstrates that CS cement is biocompatible with cultured LPS-treated DP cells. MTA stimulates inflammation in LPS-treated DP cells, which leads to greater IL-1β expression and apoptosis.

关键词： calcium silicate cement dental pulp cell mineral trioxide aggregate immune response interleukin-1β

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