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Role of autophagy in therapeutic resistance of glioblastoma

Journal of Cancer Metastasis and Treatment 2019年第9期4卷 10-19页

作者： chia-hung chien Wei-Ting Hsueh Jian-Ying Chuang Kwang-Yu Chang National Institute of Cancer Research National Health Research InstitutesTainan 70456Taiwan Center for Neurotrauma and Neuroregeneration Taipei Medical UniversityTaipei 11031Taiwan The Ph.D.Program for Neural Regenerative Medicine Taipei Medical UniversityTaipei 11503Taiwan Division of Hematology/Oncology Department of Internal MedicineNational Cheng Kung University HospitalTainan 70403Taiwan Department of Oncology School of MedicineNational Cheng Kung UniversityTainan 70403Taiwan Department of Radiation Oncology National Cheng Kung University HospitalCollege of MedicineNational Cheng Kung UniversityTainan 70403Taiwan

Patients with glioblastoma (GBM), a malignant brain tumor, exhibit a mean survival of less than 1.5 years. Despite treatment, the disease eventually develops resistance, resulting in disease relapse. Autophagy is a process of degradation and clearance that is activated to maintain cellular homeostasis. Its roles in cancer disease course and the treatment response, however, are controversial. In GBM, accumulating evidence has indicated that autophagy can protect cells, especially those with stemness features, causing the development of cell resistance. In this review, we discuss the impact of the cell reaction to currently active treatments, including temozolomide, radiation, tumor treating fields, bevacizumab (Avastin), etoposide (VP-16), cisplatin (CDDP), and carmustine (BCNU). Most of these induce the up-regulation of autophagy through signaling pathways of DNA damage response, reactive oxygen species, hypoxia, retinoblastoma, AMP-activated protein kinase, AKT/mTOR and MST4 kinase affecting cell fate by altering cell metabolism, cell death, and DNA repair. Treatment-related autophagy may be modulated by combining autophagy inhibitors such as chloroquine or antioxidants to prevent the development of resistance, thus improving cancer treatment.

关键词： Autophagy resistance glioblastoma

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Fuel Consumption System

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Journal of Computer and Communications 2015年第5期3卷 153-158页

作者： Yen-Jen Chen chia-hung chien Ming Chi University of Technology 84 Gungjuan Rd. Taishan Dist. New Taipei City 24301 Taiwan

Fleet Management System (FMS) is a highly applicable system which gets more and more attention among industrial field. Recent years, fuel consumption has become one of the most concerned topics, hence, establishment of a fuel consumption monitoring system is required. In this study, based-on the FMS, a system which was capable of precisely monitoring and calculating the fuel consumption was designed. This FMS was composed of the front end Vehicle Tracking System (VTS) and the back end Management Server (MS). VTS was established and installed into the vehicles, based on several well-known technologies, such as Mobile Telecommunications Technology of GPRS or 3G, Global Positioning System (GPS), and On-Board Diagnostics II (OBD-II). In addition, VTS was also connected with the Vehicle Electronic Control Unit (VECU) through the OBD-II interface. By using GPRS/3G technology and the TCP/IP communication protocol, real-time vehicle operation data obtained from the OBD-II and positioning information from the GPS could be sent backward to the MS. The MS was designed through JBoss Developer Studio, and included the Data Collector (DC) and Web server. The DC gathers data sent back from VTS and the Web server calculates and decides the vehicle's present situation according to the data. The result can also be presented on websites by the Web server. In this study, the fuel consumption status of vehicles could be performed. Furthermore, the Web service also provided the users instant online manipulation.

关键词： Fleet Management System Vehicle Tracking System Fuel Consumption Mobile Telecommunications GPS OBD-II

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Injury-induced rapid activation of MAPK signaling in dechorionated eggs and larvae of the silkworm Bombyx mori

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Insect Science 2017年第2期24卷 248-258页

作者： Shi-Hong Gu chien-hung Chen Department of Biology National Museum of Natural Science Taichung Taiwan China Chung Hwa University of Medical Technol-ogy Tainan County Taiwan China

Previous study showed that diapause in Bombyx mori eggs can be ter- minated by dechorionation and that activation in the mitogen-activated protein kinase （MAPK）/extracellular signal-regulated kinase （ERK） in dechorionated cultured eggs is involved in diapause termination. In the present study, the possible mechanism underlying activation of ERK upon dechorionation was further investigated. Results showed that me- chanical injury of diapause eggs without medium incubation also resulted in rapid increase in the phospho-ERK levels and that injury increased the phospho-ERK levels at different stages of both diapause eggs and eggs in which diapause initiation was prevented by HC1. Effects of anaerobiosis on dechorionation-stimulated phospho-ERK levels showed that the mechanical injury itself but not the dramatic increase in oxygen uptake upon injury is in- volved in a rapid activation of ERK. Chemical anaerobiosis on dechorionation-stimulated phospho-ERK levels and the in vivo effect of anaerobiosis showed that the supply of oxygen also plays a role in ERK signaling. In addition, injury induced the phosphory- lation of c-jun N-terminal kinases （JNKs） and p38 kinase, components of two parallel MAPK pathways. A kinase assay showed a dramatic increase in .INK kinase activity in egg lysates upon injury. When newly hatched first instar larvae were injured, an increase in the phospho-ERK levels similar to that in dechorionated eggs was observed. From the results, we hypothesize that the injury-induced rapid activation of MAPK signaling, which serves as a natural signal for embryonic development, is related to diapause termination in dechorionated eggs.

关键词： Bombyx mori dechorionation embryonic diapause ERK phosphorylation injury MAPK

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Numerical Simulation of the Motion of A Floating Body with Partially Filled Tanks by A Pressure-Convection Particle Method

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China Ocean Engineering 2010年第3期24卷 401-416页

作者： hung-Pin chien Jen-Shiang KOUH Yen-Jen CHEN Institute of Engineering Science and Ocean Engineering National Taiwan University Department of Multimedia and Game Science Lunghwa University of Science Technology

The moving particle semi-implicit（MPS）method has demonstrated its usefulness in practical engineering *** it has wide applicability,it is still hard to predict the pressure precisely using the MPS method.A pressure-convection particle method based on the MPS method is proposed to overcome this *** improved performance of this new method is validated with computational and measured *** approach is also applied to compute the problem of sloshing associated with floating body motion in *** pressure-convection MPS method demonstrated its capability to improve the prediction of pressure.

关键词： pressure-convection particle method impact pressure heaving motion rolling motion

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On the Current Error Based Sampled-data Iterative Learning Control with Reduced Memory Capacity

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International Journal of Automation and computing 2015年第3期12卷 307-315页

作者： chiang-Ju chien Yu-Chung hung Rong-Hu Chi Department of Electronic Engineering Huafan University School of Automation and Electrical Engineering Qingdao University of Science and Technology

The design of iterative learning controller(ILC) requires to store the system input, output or control parameters of previous trials for generating the input of the current trial. In order to apply the iterative learning controller for a real application and reduce the memory size for implementation, a current error based sampled-data proportional-derivative(PD) type iterative learning controller is proposed for control systems with initial resetting error, input disturbance and output measurement noise in this *** proposed iterative learning controller is simple and effective. The first contribution in this paper is to prove the learning error convergence via a rigorous technical analysis. It is shown that the learning error will converge to a residual set if a forgetting factor is introduced in the controller. All the theoretical results are also shown by computer simulations. The second main contribution is to realize the iterative learning controller by a digital circuit using a field programmable gate array(FPGA) chip applied to repetitive position tracking control of direct current(DC) motors. The feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed current error based sampleddata iterative learning controller are demonstrated by the experiment results. Finally, the relationship between learning performance and design parameters are also discussed extensively.

关键词： Iterative learning control current error sampled-data system memory capacity field programmable gate array(FPGA) chip.

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Liu-stain quick cytodiagnosis of ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration in diagnosis of liver tumors

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2007年第3期13卷 448-451页

作者： Chi-Sin Changchien Jing-Houng Wang Chao-hung hung chien-hung Chen Chuan-Mo Lee Division of Hepato-Gastroenterology Department of Internal Medicine Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital Kaohsiung Medical Center Chang Gung University College of Medicine Taiwan China

AIM： To combine ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration （US-FNA） and Liu （Riu） stain to make a quick study on liver tumor lesions. METHODS： Two hundred and twenty-eight aspirations from 232 patients were completely studied. The operator himself made the quick cytodiagnosis of US-FNA smear stained by Liu method within thirty minutes. The US-FNA specimen was also sent to the pathological department for cytological study and cellblock histology. The result of our Uu-stain quick cytodiagnosis in each patient was confirmed by the final cytopathological diagnosis from pathological report. RESULTS： Among 228 samples, the quick cytodiagnosis revealed 146 malignancies, 81 benign lesions and one inadequate specimen. Cytopathological diagnosis from the pathological department revealed 150 malignancies, and 78 benign lesions. Four well-differentiated hepatocellular carcinomas （HCCs） were under-diagnosed by quick cytodiagnosis as benign and 3 benign lesions were over-diagnosed as well-differentiated HCCs. Compared with cytopathological diagnosis, quick cytodiagnosis correctly diagnosed 143 malignancies and 77 benign lesions. Except for the one inadequate specimen in quick cytodiagnosis, the accuracy of quick cytodiagnosis was 96.9% （220/227）, and its sensitivity, specificity and positive and negative predictive values were 97.9%, 95.1%, 97.3% and 96.3%, respectively. CONCLUSION： Liu-stain quick cytodiagnosis is a fast, convenient, safe and effective method for hepatologists in clinic practice to diagnose liver tumor. In few cases of well-differentiated HCC, Liu-stain quick cytodiagnosis has its limitation.

关键词： Liver tumor Cytology Ultrasound guided FNA Liu stain

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Smart partition system - A room level support system for integrating smart technologies into existing buildings

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Frontiers of Architectural Research 2014年第4期3卷 376-385页

作者： Sheng-Fen chien hung-Jen Wang Department of Architecture University of Cheng Kung University 1 University Road Tainan 70101Taiwan China

We proposed a support system caLLed the ＂Smart Partition System＂ for infill elements that integrate smart technologies according to the Open Building principles. The design requirements were collected from design practitioners. These design requirements consisted of both architectural and information subsystems. The Smart Partition System was composed of the foLLowing multiple levels of smartness： the foundation/core Level with an embedded design knowledge in the support system and the utility Level with a modular infill that integrate smart technologies. We constructed functional prototypes to demonstrate the feasibility of our proposed support system and some of the possibilities of the smart infill elements. Furthermore, the prototypes were evaluated by design practitioners. We compared our approach with current practices of smart building developments, and we also discussed some future prospects.

关键词： Support system Smart house Open buildins Building renovationmodule Technotogy intesration

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Real-world effectiveness of direct-acting antivirals in people living with human immunodeficiency virus and hepatitis C virus genotype 6 infections

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2022年第11期28卷 1172-1183页

作者： Hsin-Yun Sun chien-Yu Cheng Chi-Ying Lin chia-Jui Yang Nan-Yao Lee Bo-Huang Liou hung-Jen Tang Yuang-Meng Liu Chun-Yuan Lee Tun-Chieh Chen Yi-chia Huang Yuan-Ti Lee Ming-Jui Tsai Po-Liang Lu hung-Chin Tsai Ning-Chi Wang Tung-Che hung Shu-Hsing Cheng chien-Ching hung Department of Internal Medicine National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of MedicineTaipei 100225TaiwanChina Department of Infectious Diseases Taoyuan General HospitalMinistry of Health and WelfareTaoyuan 330215TaiwanChina School of Public Health National Yang Ming Chiao Tung UniversityTaipei 112304TaiwanChina Department of Internal Medicine National Taiwan University Hospital Yun-Lin BranchYun-Lin County 640203TaiwanChina Department of Internal Medicine Far Eastern Memorial HospitalNew Taipei City 220216TaiwanChina School of Medicine National Yang Ming Chiao Tung UniversityTaipei 112304TaiwanChina Department of Medicine National Cheng Kung University HospitalCollege of MedicineNational Cheng Kung UniversityTainan 704302TaiwanChina Department of Internal Medicine Hsinchu MacKay Memorial HospitalHsin-Chu 300044TaiwanChina Department of Internal Medicine Chi Mei Medical CenterTainan 710402TaiwanChina Department of Health and Nutrition Chia Nan University of Pharmacy and SciencesTainan 717301TaiwanChina Department of Internal Medicine Changhua Christian HospitalChanghua 500209TaiwanChina Department of Internal Medicine Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital and College of MedicineKaohsiung Medical UniversityKaohsiung 807378TaiwanChina Department of Internal Medicine Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung HospitalKaohsiung 801735TaiwanChina Department of Internal Medicine National Taiwan University Hospital Biomedical Park BranchHsin-Chu 302058TaiwanChina Department of Internal Medicine Chung Shan Medical University HospitalTaichung 402306TaiwanChina School of Medicine Chung Shan Medical UniversityTaichung 402306TaiwanChina Department of Internal Medicine Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital and College of MedicineKaohsiung Medical UniversityKaohsiung 807377TaiwanChina Department of Internal Medicine Kaohsiung Veterans General HospitalKaohsiung 813414TaiwanChina Department of Internal Medicine Tri-Service General HospitalNational Defen

BACKGROUND Hepatitis C virus(HCV)genotype 6(HCV-6)infection is prevalent predominantly in Southeast Asia,and the data on the virologic response of HCV-6 to direct-acting antivirals(DAAs)are sparse in people living with human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)(PLWH).AIM To assess the virologic response of HCV-6 to DAAs in *** From September 2016 to July 2019,PLWH coinfected with HCV-6 initiating DAAs were *** investigations were performed at baseline,the end of treatment,and 12 wk *** Of the 349 PLWH included(mean age 48.9 years,82.5%men),80.5%comprised people who inject drugs,18.1%men who have sex with men,and 1.4%*** hepatitis B virus infection was present in 12.3%of the included PLWH,liver cirrhosis 10.9%,hepatocellular carcinoma 0.9%,and previous HCV treatment experience 10.9%.The mean baseline plasma HCV RNA was 6.2 log10 IU/m *** with glecaprevir/pibrentasvir was initiated in 51.9%,sofosbuvir/ledipasvir 41.5%,sofosbuvir/velpatasvir 6.3%,and sofosbuvir/daclatasvir 0.3%.At DAA initiation,antiretroviral therapy containing tenofovir alafenamide was given in 26.4%,tenofovir disoproxil fumarate 34.4%,non-tenofovir alafenamide/tenofovir disoproxil fumarate 39.3%,non-nucleoside reverse-transcriptase inhibitors 30.4%,protease inhibitors 4.0%,and integrase strand transfer inhibitors 66.8%;94.8%of the included patients had CD4 counts≥200 cells/mm3 and 96.0%had plasma HIV RNA<50 copies/m ***,96.8%achieved undetectable plasma HCV RNA(<30 IU/m L)at end of treatment;and 92.3%achieved sustained virologic response 12 wk off-therapy in the intention-to-treat analysis(93.5%in patients receiving sofosbuvir-based DAAs and 91.2%in those receiving glecaprevir/pibrentasvir).CONCLUSION Similar to the observation made in HIV-negative patients,sustained virologic response 12 wk offtherapy with DAAs is high in PLWH coinfected with HCV-6.

关键词： Viral hepatitis End-of-treatment response Sustained virologic response People who inject drugs Antiretroviral therapy Tenofovir

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Strengthening reinforced concrete beams using prestressed glass fiber-reinforced polymer-Part I: Experimental study

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science A(Applied Physics & Engineering) 2005年第8期6卷 166-174页

作者： WU Jong-hwei YEN Tsong hung chien-hsing LIN Yiching Department of Civil Engineering National Chung-Hsing University 40227 Taiwan ChinaDepartment of Civil Engineering National Chung-Hsing University 40227 Taiwan ChinaDepartment of Civil Engineering National Chung-Hsing University 40227 Taiwan ChinaDepartment of Civil Engineering National Chung-Hsing University 40227 Taiwan China

This work is aimed at studying the strengthening of reinforced concrete (R. C.) beams using prestressed glass fi- ber-reinforced polymer (PGFRP). Carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) has recently become popular for use as repair or rehabilitation material for deteriorated R. C. structures, but because CFRP material is very stiff, the difference in CFRP sheet and concrete material properties is not favorable for transferring the prestress from CFRP sheets to R. C. members. Glass fi- ber-reinforced polymer (GFRP) sheets with Modulus of Elasticity quite close to that of concrete was chosen in this study. The load-carrying capacities (ultimate loads) and the deflections of strengthened R. C. beams using GFRP and PGFRP sheets were tested and compared. T- and ⊥-shaped beams were used as the under-strengthened and over-strengthened beams. The GFRP sheets were prestressed to one-half their tensile capacities before being bonded to the T- and ⊥-shaped R. C. beams. The prestressed tension in the PGFRP sheets caused cambers in the R. C. beams without cracks on the tensile faces. The PGFRP sheets also enhanced the load-carrying capacity. The test results indicated that T-shaped beams with GFRP sheets increased in load-carrying capacity by 55% while the same beams with PGFRP sheets could increase load-carrying capacity by 100%. The ⊥-shaped beams with GFRP sheets could increase load-carrying capacity by 97% while the same beams with PGFRP sheets could increase the loading-carrying capacity by 117%. Under the same external loads, beams with GFRP sheets underwent larger deflections than beams with PGFRP sheets. While GFRP sheets strengthen R. C. beams, PGFRP sheets decrease the beams’ ductility, especially for the over-strengthened beams (⊥-shaped beams).

关键词： Strengthening Prestressed glass fiber reinforcement polymer Modulus of Elasticity R. C. beams

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Terminal ileum gangrene secondary to a type Ⅳ paraesophageal hernia

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第8期22卷 2642-2646页

作者： Ching Tsai Hsu Po Jen Hsiao Chih chien Chiu Jenq Shyong Chan Yee Fung Lin Yuan hung Lo chia Jen Hsiao Department of Internal Medicine Taoyuan Armed Forces General Hospital Tri-Service General Hospital National Defense Medical Center Division of Nephrology Department of Internal Medicine Taoyuan Armed Forces General Hospital Division of General Surgery Department of Surgery Taoyuan Armed Forces General Hospital Division of Gastroenterology Department of Internal Medicine Taoyuan Armed Forces General Hospital

Type Ⅳ paraesophageal hernia(PEH) is very rare, and is characterized by the intrathoracic herniation of the abdominal viscera other than the stomach into the chest. We describe a 78-year-old woman who presented at our emergency department because of epigastric pain that she had experienced over the past 24 h. On the day after admission, her pain became severe and was accompanied by right chest pain and dyspnea. Chest radiography revealed an intrathoracic intestinal gas bubble occupying the right lower lung field. Emergency explorative laparotomy identified a type Ⅳ PEH with herniation of only the terminal ileum through a hiatal defect into the right thoracic cavity. In this report, we also present a review of similar cases in the literature published between 1980 and 2015 in Pub Med. There were four published cases of small bowel herniation into the thoracic cavity during this period. Our patient represents a rare case of an individual diagnosed with type Ⅳ PEH with incarceration of only the terminal ileum.

关键词： Gangrene Hiatal Ileum Paraesophageal hernia Thoracic cavity

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