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Role of metabolic dysfunction and inflammation along the liver-brain axis in animal models with obesity-induced neurodegeneration

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第4期20卷 1069-1076页

作者： Evridiki Asimakidou Eka Norfaishanty Saipuljumri chih Hung lo Jialiu Zeng Department of Clinical Neurosciences University of CambridgeCambridgeUK School of Applied Science Republic PolytechnicSingaporeSingapore Lee Kong chian School of Medicine Nanyang Technological UniversitySingaporeSingapore

The interaction between metabolic dysfunction and inflammation is central to the development of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease and Parkinson’s ***-related conditions like type 2 diabetes and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease exacerbate this *** lipid accumulation,particularly in the liver,initiates a cascade of inflammatory processes that extend to the brain,influencing critical metabolic regulatory *** and palmitate,key lipid components,along with lipid transporters lipocalin-2 and apolipoprotein E,contribute to neuroinflammation by disrupting blood–brain barrier integrity and promoting *** insulin resistance further exacerbates brain insulin resistance and *** interventions targeting peripheral lipid metabolism and insulin signaling pathways have shown promise in reducing neuroinflammation in animal ***,translating these findings to clinical practice requires further investigation into human *** conclusion,metabolic dysfunction,peripheral inflammation,and insulin resistance are integral to neuroinflammation and *** these complex mechanisms holds potential for identifying novel therapeutic targets and improving outcomes for neurodegenerative diseases.

关键词： Alzheimer’s disease inflammatory cytokines insulin resistance lipid

A Dynamic Forecasting System with Applications in Production logistics

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厦门大学学报（自然科学版） 2002年第S1期41卷 133-134页

作者： CHEUNG chi-fai LEE Wing-bun lo Victor Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hung HomDepartment of Industrial and Systems EngineeringThe Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hung Hom Kowloon Hong Kong ChinaKowloonHong Kong China Kaz (Fast East) Ltd Room 1705-07Kodak House II39 Healthy Street EastNorth Point Hong Kong China

Production logistics involve the co-ordination of ac tivities such as production and materials control (PMC), inventory management, p roduct life cycle management, etc. Those activities demand for an accurate forec asting model. However, the conventional methods of making sell and buy decision based on human forecast or conventional moving average and exponential smoothing methods is no longer be sufficient to meet the future need. Furthermore, the un derlying statistics of the market information change from time to time due to a number of reasons such as change of global economic environment, government poli cies and business risks. This demands for highly adaptive forecasting model which is robust enough to response and adapt well to the fast changes in the dat a characteristics, in other words, the trajectory of the "dynamic characteristic s" of the data. In this paper, an adaptive time-series modelling method was proposed for short -term dynamic forecasting. The method employs an autoregressive (AR) time-seri es model to carry out the forecasting process. A modified least mean square (MLM S) adaptive filter algorithm was established for adjusting the AR model coeffici ents so as to minimise the sum of squared of forecasting errors. A prototype dyn amic forecasting system was built based on the adaptive time-series modelling m ethod. Basically, the dynamic forecasting system can be divided into two phases, i.e. the Learning Phase and the Application Phase. The learning procedures star t with the determination of upper limit of the adaptation gain based on the conv ergence in the mean square criterion. Hence, the optimum ELMS filter parameters are determined using an iteration algorithm which changes each filter parameter i.e. the order, the adaptation gain andthe values initial coefficient vector on e by one inside a predetermined iteration range. The set of parameters which giv es the minimum value for sum of squared errors within the iteration range is sel ecte

关键词： adaptive time-series model dynamic forecasting production logistics modified least mean square algorithm

Ferroptosis and glaucoma: implications in retinal ganglion cell damage and optic nerve survival

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Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第3期18卷 545-546页

作者： Ming Yang Kwok-fai So Wai-ching Lam Amy Cheuk Yin lo Department of Ophthalmology School of Clinical MedicineLi Ka Shing Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong KongHong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences The University of Hong KongHong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina GHM Institute of CNS Regeneration Jinan UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina

Glaucoma and visual pathway degeneration:Glaucoma is the leading cause of irreversible blindness worldwide,which leads to a progressive loss of *** can be classified into two types:primary open-angle glaucoma and primary closed-angle *** open-angle glaucoma can be caused by the blockage of the trabecular meshwork,and this results in elevation of the intraocular pressure(IOP),leading to retinal ganglion cell(RGC)***,many glaucoma patients have normal IOP;this is known as normal-tension ***,excitotoxic damage and oxidative stress can also lead to RGC damage in normal-tension glaucoma(Almasieh et al.,2012).Glaucomatous genes such as TIGR,OPTN,and CYP1B1 have been suggested to contribute to the pathogenesis of ***,some glaucomatous patients may remain asymptomatic in the early,moderate,and late *** type of glaucoma is primary closed-angle *** this clinical condition,a relative pupillary block is contributed by the iris obstructing aqueous *** patients may suffer from corneal swelling,headache,nausea,and blurred vision during the acute phase.

关键词： glaucoma damage degeneration

Hepatitis D virus infection, replication and cross-talk with the hepatitis B virus

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第40期20卷 14589-14597页

作者： chi-Ruei Huang Szecheng John lo Institute of Microbiology and Immunology National Yang-Ming University Department and Institute of Biomedical Sciences College of Medicine Chang Gung University Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences College of Medicine Chang Gung University

Viral hepatitis remains a worldwide public health *** hepatitis D virus(HDV)must either coinfect or superinfect with the hepatitis B virus(HBV).HDV contains a small RNA genome(approximately 1.7 kb)with a single open reading frame(ORF)and requires HBV supplying surface antigens(HBsAgs)to assemble a new HDV *** HDV replication,two isoforms of a delta antigen,a small delta antigen(SDAg)and a large delta antigen(LDAg),are produced from the same ORF of the HDV *** SDAg is required for HDV replication,whereas the interaction of LDAg with HBsAgs is crucial for packaging of HDV *** clinical outcomes of HBV/HDV dual infection have been reported,but the molecular interaction between HBV and HDV is poorly understood,especially regarding howHBV and HDV compete with HBsAgs for assembling *** this paper,we review the role of endoplasmic reticulum stress induced by HBsAgs and the molecular pathway involved in their promotion of LDAg nuclear *** the nuclear sublocalization and export of LDAg is regulated by posttranslational modifications(PTMs),including acetylation,phosphorylation,and isoprenylation,we also summarize the relationship among HBsAg-induced endoplasmic reticulum stress signaling,LDAg PTMs,and nuclear export mechanisms in this review.

关键词： Hepatitis B virus Hepatitis D virus Posttranslational modification Endoplasmic reticulum stress Nuclear export

Pre-ischemia electro-acupuncture potentiates the expression of Bcl-2 and transforming growth factor-beta 1 in rat brains

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Neural Regeneration Research 2012年第24期7卷 1859-1865页

作者： Ka Keung Yip Samuel CL lo Kwok-fai So Dora MY Poon Mason CP Leung Department of Rehabilitation Sciences the Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHung HomHong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology the Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHung HomHong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina Department of Anatomy the University of Hong KongPokfulamHong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina

The expression of the anti-apoptotic molecules Bcl-2 and transforming growth factor-beta 1 is known to confer protective effects on the cerebral ischemia-reperfusion *** current study investigated the expression levels of Bcl-2 and transforming growth factor-beta 1 in response to multiple pre-ischemia electro-acupuncture at acupoints Zusanli（ST36）and Fengchi（GB20） *** were divided into five groups：uninjured,control,non-acupoint,GB20 and ST36. Rats in the non-acupoint,GB20 and ST36 groups received 30 minutes（3 times or 18 times）of electro-acupuncture stimulation before experimental cerebral ischemia was ***-2 and transforming growth factor-beta 1 were found to be significantly increased in the ST36 groups with either 3 or 18 electro-acupuncture treatments（P〈0.05）.The production was higher with 18 electro-acupuncture treatments in the ST36 groups（P〈0.05）.In the GB20 groups,significant increase was only observed in transforming growth factor-beta 1 with 18 electro-acupuncture treatments（P〈0.05）.No significant elevation of the level of transforming growth factor-beta 1 was observed in the non-acupoint ***,the production of Bcl-2 increased with 18 treatments in the non-acupoint groups（P〈0.05）.The data suggest that multiple pre-ischemia electro-acupuncture at ST36 was effective in conferring neuroprotective effect on the brain by means of upregulation of Bcl-2 and transforming growth factor-beta 1 and the effect was increase with the number of treatment.

关键词： cerebral ischemia stroke prevention electro-acupuncture transforming growth factor-beta 1 Bcl-2 acupoint

Fucoidan-Based Theranostic Nanogel for Enhancing Imaging and Photodynamic Therapy of Cancer

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Nano-Micro Letters 2020年第4期12卷 14-28页

作者： Mi Hyeon Cho Yan Li Pui‑chi lo Hyeri Lee Yongdoo Choi Division of Translational Science Research InstituteNational Cancer Center323 Ilsan‑roGoyangGyeonggi 10408Republic of Korea Department of Biomedical Sciences City University of Hong KongTat Chee AvenueKowloonHong KongChina

In this study, a fucoidan-based theranostic nanogel(CFN-gel) consisting of a fucoidan backbone, redox-responsive cleavable linker and photosensitizer is developed to achieve acti-vatable near-infrared fluorescence imaging of tumor sites and an enhanced photodynamic therapy(PDT) to induce the com-plete death of cancer cells. A CFN-gel has nanomolar a nity for P-selectin, which is overexpressed on the surface of tumor neovascular endothelial cells as well as many other cancer cells. Therefore, a CFN-gel can enhance tumor accumulation through P-selectin targeting and the enhanced permeation and retention e ect. Moreover, a CFN-gel is non-fluorescent and non-phototoxic upon its systemic administration due to the aggregation-induced self-quenching in its fluorescence and singlet oxygen generation. After internalization into cancer cells and tumor neovascular endothelial cells, its photoactivity is recovered in response to the intracellular redox potential, thereby enabling selective near-infrared fluorescence imaging and an enhanced PDT of tumors. Since a CFN-gel also shows nanomolar a nity for the vascular endothelial growth factor, it also provides a significant anti-tumor e ect in the absence of light treatment in vivo. Our study indicates that a fucoidan-based theranostic nanogel is a new theranostic material for imaging and treating cancer with high e cacy and specificity.

关键词： Fucoidan Theranostic nanogel P-selectin Activatable Anti-angiogenic

Rare complication of inflammatory bowel disease-like colitis from glycogen storage disease type 1b and its surgical management:A case report

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2021年第16期9卷 4081-4089页

作者： Frederick chi-Wai Lui Oswens Siu-Hung lo Department of Surgery LKS Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong KongHong KongChina

BACKGROUND Glycogen storage disease(GSD)is an autosomal recessive inborn metabolic *** with GSD are prone to hypoglycaemia,hyperlactacidemia and *** type 1b(GSD-1b)patients specifically can develop neutropenia,recurrent bacterial infection and inflammatory bowel disease(IBD).Documentation of the long-term outcomes of surgical management of GSD-1b has been scarce,especially for Asian *** herein describe a case of GSD-1b complicated by IBD-like colitis and coloduodenal *** patient was managed successfully with surgical *** SUMMARY A 20-year-old chinese lady confirmed by genetic testing to have GSD-1b was initially managed with uncooked cornstarch and granulocyte-colony stimulating *** recurrent abdominal symptoms,her condition was treated as clinical“Crohn’s disease”with mesalazine,prednisolone and azathioprine *** showed a tight stricture at the hepatic *** computerized tomographic colonography revealed a phlegmon at the ileocaecal region with a suspected coloduodenal *** an exploratory laparotomy was performed and severe colitis at the ascending colon with coloduodenal fistula was *** hemicolectomy with primary anastomosis and repair of the duodenum were *** management of complications from GSD-1b associated IBD-like colitis has rarely been ***-line treatment would usually be *** intervention like hemicolectomy is mainly reserved for refractory *** Surgical management of coloduodenal fistula in GSD-1b patients is a feasible and safe option when failed conservative management.

关键词： Glycogen storage disease Coloduodenal fistula Inflammatory bowel diseaselike colitis Case report Perioperative management

Remarkable synergistic effect in cobalt-iron nitride/alloy nanosheets for robust electrochemical water splitting

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2022年第2期31卷 405-414页

作者： Mingpeng Chen Di Liu Baoye Zi Yuyun Chen Dong Liu Xinyu Du Feifei Li Pengfei Zhou Ye Ke Jielei Li Kin Ho lo chi Tat Kwok Weng fai Ip Shi Chen Shuangpeng Wang Qingju Liu Hui Pan Institute of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering University of MacaoMacaoChina Yunnan Key Laboratory for Micro/Nano Materials&Technology National Center for International Research on Photoelectric and Energy MaterialsSchool of Materials and EnergyYunnan UniversityKunming 650091YunnanChina Department of Electromechanical Engineering Faculty of Science and TechnologyUniversity of MacaoMacaoChina Department of Physics and Chemistry Faculty of Science and TechnologyUniversity of MacaoMacaoChina

Design and synthesis of noble-metal-free bifunctional catalysts for efficient and robust electrochemical water splitting are of significant importance in developing clean and renewable energy sources for sustainable energy ***,a simple three-step strategy is reported to construct cobalt-iron nitride/alloy nanosheets on nickel foam(CoFe-NA/NF)as a bifunctional catalyst for both hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)and oxygen evolution reaction(OER).The electrocatalyst with optimized composition(CoFe-NA2/NF)can achieve ultralow overpotentials of 73 mV and 250 mV for HER and OER,respectively,at a current density of 10 mA cm^(-2) in 1 M ***,the electrolyzer based on this electrocatalyst is able to boost the overall water splitting with a cell voltage of 1.564 V to deliver 10 mA cm^(-2) for at least 50 h without obvious performance ***,our experiment and theoretical calculation demonstrate that the combination of cobalt-iron nitride and alloy can have low hydrogen adsorption energy and facilitate water dissociation during *** addition,the surface reconstruction introduces metal oxyhydroxides to optimize the OER *** work may pave a new pathway to design bifunctional catalysts for overall water splitting.

关键词： Bifunctional electrocatalyst Metal nitride/alloy nanocomposite Overall water splitting High performance

Lycium barbarum polysaccharides related RAGE and Aβ levels in the retina of mice with acute ocular hypertension and promote maintenance of blood retinal barrier

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Neural Regeneration Research 2020年第12期15卷 2344-2352页

作者： Xue-Song Mi Qian Feng Amy Cheuk Yin lo Raymond Chuen-Chung Chang Sookja Kim Chung Kwok-fai So Department of Ophthalmology the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Institute of CNS Regeneration Jinan UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina Changsha Academician Expert Workstation Aier Eye Hospital GroupChangshaHunan ProvinceChina State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences Hong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina Department of Ophthalmology The University of Hong KongHong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina Faculty of Medicine Macao University of Science and TechnologyMacao Special Administrative RegionChina School of Biomedical Science LKS Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong KongHong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina

Our previous study verified the protective effects of Lycium barbarum polysaccharides(LBP)on retinal neurons and blood vessels in acute ocular hypertension(AOH)*** investigate the effect of LBP on the reactivity of retinal glial cells,an AOH mouse model was established in one eye by maintaining ocular hypertension of 90 mm Hg for 60 *** LBP solution(1 mg/kg)or phosphate-buffered saline was administrated to the mice by gavage daily,starting 7 days before the AOH insult and continuing until the mice were sacrificed for specimen collection on day 4 *** AOH insult,increased numbers of astrocytes and microglia were observed,together with decreased expression of the following glial cell biomarkers in the retinal ganglion cells of AOH mice:glial fibrillary acidic protein,glutamine synthetase,aquaporin-4,S-100 proteins,ionized calcium-binding adaptor molecule 1,amyloid precursor protein and receptor of advanced glycosylation *** intervention with LBP,the above changes were significantly ***,morphological remodeling of blood vessel-associated retinal astrocytes,marked by glial fibrillary acidic protein,was also *** results,taken together,suggest that LBP regulated the production of amyloid-βand expression of receptor of advanced glycosylation end-products,as well as mediating the activity of retinal glial cells,which may lead to the promotion of better maintenance of the blood-retinal barrier and improved neuronal survival in AOH *** study was approved by the Committee for the Use of Live Animals in Teaching and Research(approval ***-#1664-08).

关键词： astrocyte blood-retinal barrier glial cell Lycium barbarum microglia model plasticity remodel retina