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Individual consistency in spatiotemporal characteristics of migratory Whimbrels in the East Asian–Australasian Flyway

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Avian Research 2024年第3期 308-315页

作者： Siwei An Fenliang Kuang Wei Wu Chris J.Hassell Jonathan T.Coleman Zijing Gao Xuena Sun Yue Yuan Grace Maglio Kar-Sin K.leung Xuesong Feng Zhijun Ma Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering Coastal Ecosystems Research Station of the Yangtze River Estuary Institute of Biodiversity Science School of Life Sciences Fudan University School of Chemistry and Environment Yunnan Minzu University Shanghai Chongming Dongtan Nature Reserve Administration Center Global Flyway Network Australasian Wader Studies Group Queensland Wader Study Group Hong Kong Waterbirds Ringing Group

Many migratory birds exhibit interannual consistency in migration schedules, routes and stopover sites. Detecting the interannual consistency in spatiotemporal characteristics helps understand the maintenance of migration and enables the implementation of targeted conservation measures. We tracked the migration of Whimbrel(Numenius phaeopus) in the East Asian–Australasian Flyway and collected spatiotemporal data from individuals that were tracked for at least two years. Wilcoxon non-parametric tests were used to compare the interannual variations in the dates of departure from and arrival at breeding/nonbreeding sites, and the interannual variation in the longitudes when the same individual across the same latitudes. Whimbrels exhibited a high degree of consistency in the use of breeding, nonbreeding, and stopover sites between years. The variation of arrival dates at nonbreeding sites was significantly larger than that of the departure dates from nonbreeding and breeding sites. Repeatedly used stopover sites by the same individuals in multiple years were concentrated in the Yellow Sea coast during northward migration, but were more widespread during southward migration. The stopover duration at repeatedly used sites was significantly longer than that at sites used only once. When flying across the Yellow Sea, Whimbrels breeding in Sakha(Yakutia) exhibited the highest consistency in migration routes in both autumn and spring. Moreover, the consistency in migration routes of Yakutia breeding birds was generally higher than that of birds breeding in Chukotka. Our results suggest that the northward migration schedule of the Whimbrels is mainly controlled by endogenous factors, while the southward migration schedule is less affected by endogenous factors. The repeated use of stopover sites in the Yellow Sea coast suggests this region is important for the migration of Whimbrel, and thus has high conservation value.

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Incidence and Risk Factors of Obstetric Anal Sphincter Injuries after Various Modes of Vaginal Deliveries in chinese Women

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chinese Medical Journal 2015年第18期128卷 2420-2425页

作者： Tung chi Wai Cheon Willy Cecilia Tong Wai Mei Anny leung Hau Yee Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Queen Elizabeth Hospital Hong Kong China

Background： Obstetric anal sphincter injuries （OASIS） can cause an adverse impact on women＇s physical and mental health. There was lack of published data in chinese population particularly on studying the risk of OASIS for nonrotational outlet forceps. This study was to determine the incidence and risk factors of OASIS. Methods： This is a retrospective cohort study carried out in a tertiary referral hospital in Hong Kong. The control group was selected randomly. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to evaluate the influence of potential risk factors on OASIS. This study reviewed the obstetric records of OASIS women and random control from January 2011 to June 2014. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to evaluate the influence of potential risk factors on OASIS. Results： Of 15,446 women delivered, 49 had OASIS. The percentage of OASIS increased from 0.3% （2011） to 0.38% （2014）. There was an increasing trend of OASIS in attempted spontaneous vaginal delivery without episiotorny （P 〈 0.01）~ but it did not increase the OASIS risk （P = 0.46）. Univariate analysis of 49 cases and 438 control subjects showed that forceps delivery （odds ratio [OR] -8.73, P 〈 0.01 ）, prolong second stage of labor （OR = 1.43, P 〈 0.01） increased the risk lbr OASIS. In multivariate regression models, only lbrceps delivery （OR = 6.28, P 〈 0.01） proved to be independent risk factor. Conclusions： The incidence of OASIS in chinese women was increased alter 2012, but still lower than the reported figures in the literature. Outlet forceps delivery could be a possible associated risk factor.

关键词： Anal Incontinence: Operative Vaginal Delivery Postnatal Care

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Message from Deputy Editor-in-chief Gabriel M leung—International Trade and Global Health Protection

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china CDC weekly 2019年第4期1卷 45-46页

作者： Gabriel M leung china CDC Weekly Dean of Medicine The University of Hong KongHong Kong SARChina

It was external trade that first prompted the collection and reporting of surveillance data at the foreign ports from which the US imported *** established Bulletin of the Public Health—the first precursor to the US ... 详细信息

关键词： Trade prompt Health

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Synthesis of benzo[b]phosphole-based alkynylgold(I)complexes with resistive memory properties modulated by donor–acceptor chromophores

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SmartMat 2021年第3期2卷 406-418页

作者： Yat-Hin Cheng Eugene Yau-Hin Hong Ming-Yi leung Shiu-Lun Lai Vivian Wing-wah Yam Institute of Molecular Functional Materials and Department of Chemistry The University of Hong KongHong KongChina

A class of benzo[b]phosphole-based alkynylgold(I)complexes has been synthesized and *** complexes share a similar benzo-[b]phosphole ligand,in which the phosphole moiety is substituted with variousπ-conjugated units with different donor strengths,namely phenoxazinylphenyl,tris(di-tert-butylcarbazolyl)phenyl and 2,4-dimethylphenyl *** phosphole-containing gold(I)complexes are found to be strongly luminescent in toluene with tunable emission maxima and possess solvatochromic behaviors,suggesting an emission of metal-perturbed intraligand charge transfer *** voltammetry studies reveal that the presence of gold(I)metal center strongly perturbs the electronic properties of the phosphole moiety of the resultant complexes,which can be further finetuned by the auxiliary ligand on the gold(I)*** the resistive memory studies,devices based on these alkynylgold(I)complexes exhibit satisfactory binary memory behaviors,demonstrating low threshold voltages in narrow distributions,high durability and low misreading *** performances are believed to be originated from a field-induced charge transfer of the alkynylgold(I)complexes,in which the electron-accepting phosphole-gold(I)unit plays a crucial role in stabilizing the charge transfer state and that led to the observed resistive switching and memory behavior.

关键词： alkynylgold(I)complexes benzo[b]phosphole charge transfer donor-acceptor resistive memories

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Large-scale Circulation Control of the Occurrence of Low-level Turbulence at Hong Kong International Airport

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2018年第4期35卷 435-444页

作者： Marco Y. T. leung Wen ZHOU chi-Ming SHUN Pak-Wai CHAN Guy Carpenter Asia-Pacific Climate Impact Center School of Energy and Environment City University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China Hong Kong Observatory Hong Kong China

This study identifies the atmospheric circulation features that are favorable for the occurrence of low-level turbulence at Hong Kong International Airport [below 1600 feet （around 500 m）]. By using LIDAR data at the airport, turbulence and nonturbulence cases are selected. It is found that the occurrence of turbulence is significantly related to the strength of the southerly wind at 850 hPa over the South china coast. On the other hand, the east-west wihd at this height demonstrates a weak relation to the occurrence. This suggests that turbulence is generated by flow passing Lantau Island from the south. The southerly wind also transports moisture from the South china Sea to Hong Kong, reducing local stability. This is favorable for the development of strong turbulence. It is also noted that the strong southerly wind during the occurrence of low-level turbulence is contributed by an anomalous zonal gradient of geopotential in the lower troposphere over the South china Sea. This gradient is caused by the combination of variations at different timescales. These are the passage of synoptic extratropical cyclones and anticyclones and the intraseasonal variation in the western North Pacific subtropical high. The seasonal variation in geopotential east of the Tibetan Plateau leads to a seasonal change in meridional wind, by which the frequency of low-level turbulence is maximized in spring and minimized in autumn.

关键词： LIDAR temperate cyclone and anticyclone western North Pacific subtropical high seasonal cycle topography effect

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纪恩绵泽圆明园的建筑与亲情

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紫禁城 2024年第4期351卷 94-113页

作者：梁慧淇香港故宫文化博物馆

圆明园原是康熙帝玄烨赐给其子胤禛的园林。胤禛继位后,圆明园升格为御园,历经雍正、乾隆、嘉庆、道光、咸丰五朝皇帝经营。在一百五十余年中,君臣父子的事迹在园内一再上演,通过艺术及文学创作,流传后世。

关键词：胤禛玄烨圆明园康熙帝咸丰雍正嘉庆

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Molecular Advances in Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-associated Coronavirus (SARS-CoV)

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Genomics, Proteomics & Bioinformatics 2003年第4期1卷 247-262页

作者： Raymond Kin Hi Hui Raymond Tsz Yeung Wong chi Wai Yip Frederick chi ching leung Department of Zoology The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong SAR China.Department of Zoology The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong SAR China.Department of Zoology The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong SAR China.Department of Zoology The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong SAR China.

The sudden outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) in 2002 prompted the establishment of a global scientific network subsuming most of the traditional rivalries in the competitive field of virology. Within months of the SARS outbreak, collaborative work revealed the identity of the disastrous pathogen as SARS-associated coronavirus (SARS-CoV). However, although the rapid identifi-

关键词： severe acute respiratory syndrome SARS-CoV genome phylogenetics human leukocyte antigen (HLA) system molecular epidemiology

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Initial experience with stereotactic body radiotherapy for intrahepatic hepatocellular carcinoma recurrence after liver transplantation

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2020年第13期8卷 2758-2768页

作者： Kin Pan Au chi leung chiang Albert chi Yan Chan Tan To Cheung Chung Mau Lo Kenneth Siu Ho Chok Department of Surgery Queen Mary HospitalThe University of Hong KongHong Kong 999077China Department of Clinical Oncology Queen Mary Hospitalthe University of Hong KongHong Kong 999077China

BACKGROUND Graft hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)recurrence after liver transplant is more frequently *** hepatectomy is technically challenging and is associated with high *** body radiation therapy(SBRT)has been shown to be safe and effective for the treatment of primary ***,its role in HCC recurrence in a liver graft remains *** To evaluate the safety and efficacy of SBRT for the treatment of graft HCC recurrence after liver *** A retrospective study was *** 2012 to 2018,6 patients with intrahepatic HCC recurrence after liver transplant were treated with SBRT at Queen Mary Hospital,the University of Hong *** primary outcome was time to overall disease progression and secondary outcomes were time to local progression and best local response,as assessed with the Modified response Evaluation Criteria for Solid Tumours *** were monitored for treatment related toxicities and graft *** A total of 9 treatment courses were given for 13 *** median tumour size was 2.3 cm(range 0.7-3.6 cm).Two(22%)patients had inferior vena cava tumour *** best local treatment response was:5(55%)complete response,1(11%)partial response and 3(33%)stable *** a median follow up duration of 15.5 mo,no local progression or mortality was yet *** median time to overall disease progression was 6.5 *** were 6 regional progression in the liver graft(67%)and 2 distant progression in the lung(22%).There was no grade 3 or above toxicity and there was no graft dysfunction after *** SBRT appears to be safe in this *** progression is the mode of failure.

关键词： Stereotactic body radiotherapy Hepatocellular carcinoma Liver transplantation Recurrence Radiosurgery Outcomes

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Balthazar computed tomography severity index is superior to Ranson criteria and APACHE Ⅱ scoring system in predicting acute pancreatitis outcome

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2005年第38期11卷 6049-6052页

作者： Ting-Kai leung chi-Ming Lee Shyr-Yi Lin Hsin-chi Chen Hung-Jung Wang Li-Kuo Shen Ya-Yen Chen Department of Diagnostic Radiology Taipei Medical University Hospital Taipei TaiwanChina Department of Internal Medicine Taipei Medical University Hospital Taipei Taiwan China

AIM： Acute pancreatitis （AP） is a process with variable involvement of regional tissues or organ systems. Multifactorial scales included the Ranson, Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation （APACHE Ⅱ） systems and Balthazar computed tomography severity index （CTSI）. The purpose of this review study was to assess the accuracy of CTSI, Ranson score, and APACHE II score in course and outcome prediction of AP. METHODS： We reviewed 121 patients who underwent helical CT within 48 h after onset of symptoms of a first episode of AP between 1999 and 2003. Fourteen inappropriate subjects were excluded; we reviewed the 107 contrastenhanced CT images to calculate the CTSI. We also reviewed their Ranson and APACHE Ⅱ score. In addition, complications, duration of hospitalization, mortality rate, and other pathology history also were our comparison parameters. RESULTS： We classified 85 patients （79%） as having mild AP （CTSI 〈5） and 22 patients （21%） as having severe AP （CTSI ≥5）. In mild group, the mean APACHE II score and Ranson score was 8.6±1.9 and 2.4±1.2, and those of severe group was 10.2±2.1 and 3.1±0.8, respectively. The most common complication was pseudocyst and abscess and it presented in 21 （20%） patients and their CTSI was 5.9±1.4. A CTSI ≥5 significantly correlated with death, complication present, and prolonged length of stay. Patients with a CTSI ≥5 were 15 times to die than those CTSI 〈5, and the prolonged length of stay and complications present were 17 times and 8 times than that in CTSI 〈5, respectively. CONCLUSION： CTSI is a useful tool in assessing the severity and outcome of AP and the CTSI ≥5 is an index in our study. Although Ranson score and APACHE II score also are choices to be the predictors for complications, mortality and the length of stay of AP, the sensitivity of them are lower than CTSI.

关键词： Acute pancreatitis Ranson score APACHE Ⅱ score Balthazar computed tomography severity index

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Suppression of innate antiviral response by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus M protein is mediated through the first transmembrane domain

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2014年第2期11卷 141-149页

作者： Kam-leung Siu chi-Ping Chan Kin-Hang Kok Patrick chiu-Yat Woo Dong-Yan Jin Department of Biochemistry The University of Hong Kong Pokfulam Hong Kong Department of Microbiology The University of Hong KongPokfulam Hong Kong

Coronaviruses have developed various measures to evade innate immunity, We have previously shown that severe acute respiratory syndrome （SARS） coronavirus M protein suppresses type I interferon （IFN） production by impeding the formation of functional TRAF3-containing complex. In this study, we demonstrate that the IFN-antagonizing activity is specific to SARS coronavirus M protein and is mediated through its first transmembrane domain （TM 1） located at the N terminus. M protein from human coronavirus HKU 1 does not inhibit IFN production. Whereas N-linked glycosylation of SARS coronavirus M protein has no influence on IFN antagonism, TM1 is indispensable for the suppression of IFN production. TM 1 targets SARS coronavirus M protein and heterologous proteins to the Golgi apparatus, yet Golgi localization is required but not sufficient for IFN antagonism. Mechanistically, TM 1 is capable of binding with RIG-I, TRAF3, TBK1 and IKK~, and preventing the interaction of TRAF3 with its downstream effectors. Our work defines the molecular architecture of SARS coronavirus M orotein reouired for suooression of innate antiviral re^nnn^e.

关键词： human coronavirus HKU1 innate antiviral response SARS coronavirus TRAF3 type I interferons

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