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Enhancing the Performance of Perovskite Light-Emitting Diodes via Synergistic Effect of Defect Passivation and Dielectric Screening

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第10期16卷 244-256页

作者： Xuanchi Yu Jia Guo Yulin Mao Chengwei Shan Fengshou Tian Bingheng Meng Zhaojin Wang Tianqi Zhang Aung ko ko Kyaw Shuming Chen Xiaowei Sun Kai Wang Rui Chen Guichuan Xing Institute of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering University of MacaoAvenida da UniversidadeTaipaMacao 999078People's Republic of China Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055People's Republic of China

Metal halide perovskites,particularly the quasi-two-dimensional perovskite subclass,have exhibited considerable potential for next-generation electroluminescent materials for lighting and ***,the presence of defects within these perovskites has a substantial influence on the emission efficiency and durability of the *** this study,we revealed a synergistic passivation mechanism on perovskite films by using a dual-functional compound of potassium *** dual functional potassium bromide on the one hand can passivate the defects of halide vacancies with bromine anions and,on the other hand,can screen the charged defects at the grain boundaries with potassium *** approach effectively reduces the probability of carriers quenching resulting from charged defects capture and consequently enhances the radiative recombination efficiency of perovskite thin films,leading to a significant enhancement of photoluminescence quantum yield to near-unity values(95%).Meanwhile,the potassium bromide treatment promoted the growth of homogeneous and smooth film,facilitating the charge carrier injection in the ***,the perovskite light-emitting diodes based on this strategy achieve a maximum external quantum efficiency of~21%and maximum luminance of~60,000 cd m^(-2).This work provides a deeper insight into the passivation mechanism of ionic compound additives in perovskite with the solution method.

关键词： Synergistic passivation strategy Defects passivation Dielectric screening Perovskite light-emitting diodes

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Early response of understory vegetation to the mass dieback of Norway spruce in the European lowland temperate forest

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Forest Ecosystems 2024年第2期11卷 214-225页

作者： Jan Marek Matuszkiewicz Andrzej N.Affek Piotr Zaniewski Ewa kołaczkowska Faculty of Geography and Regional Studies University of WarsawPoland Institute of Geography and Spatial Organization Polish Academy of SciencesPoland Institute of Forest Sciences Warsaw University of Life SciencesPoland

Spruce-dominated forests are commonly exposed to disturbances associated with mass occurrences of bark *** dieback of trees triggers many physical and chemical processes in the ecosystem resulting in rapid changes in the vegetation of the lower forest *** aimed to determine the response of non-tree understory vegetation to the mass dieback of Norway spruce(Picea abies)in the first years after the disturbance caused by the European spruce bark beetle(Ips typographus)*** study area was the Białowieża Biosphere Reserve covering the Polish part of the emblematic Białowieża Forest,in total 597km^(2).The main data source comprised 3,900 phytosociological relevés(combined spring and summer campaigns)collected from 1,300 systematically distributed forest sites in 2016–2018–the peak years of the bark beetle *** found that the understory responded immediately to mass spruce dieback,with the most pronounced changes observed in the year of the disturbance and the subsequent ***-tolerant forest species declined in the initial years following the mass spruce dieback,while hemicryptophytes,therophytes,light-demanding species associated with non-forest seminatural communities,as well as water-demanding forest species,*** acetosella,the most common understory species in the Białowieża Forest,showed a distinct fluctuation pattern,with strong short-term expansion right after spruce dieback,followed by a gradual decline over the next 3–4 years to a cover level 5 percentage points lower than before the ***,our study revealed that mass spruce dieback selectively affects individual herb species,and their responses can be directional and non-directional(fluctuation).Furthermore,we demonstrated that the mass dieback of spruce temporarily increases plant species diversity(α-diversity).

关键词： Forest disturbance Bark beetle outbreak Picea abies Ips typographus Response of understory vegetation Herbaceous species Biaowieza Forest

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Hybrid Modular Smart Transformer for Asymmetrically Bidirectional Power Flow Operation

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CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems 2024年第4期10卷 1384-1398页

作者： Kangan Wang Youngjong ko Rongwu Zhu Siyu Wu Weimin Wu Marco Liserre Shanghai Maritime University Shanghai 201306China Pukyong National University Busan 48513South Korea Harbin Institute of Technology(Shenzhen) Shenzhen 518000China Kiel University Kiel 24118Germany

The presence of renewable energy resources in LV distribution networks may lead to a distribution transformer,also known as a Smart Transformer(ST),experiencing the bidirectional power ***,the ST must have the capability to operate in both ***,the reverse power is less as compared to the forward power,thus the design of ST with the same capacity in both directions increases the hardware cost and decreases the system *** paper proposes a Hybrid-modular-ST(H-ST),composed of a mixed use of single active bridge-based series resonant converter and dual active bridge instead of complete use of uni-or bi-directional converter adopted in the conventional *** on the proposed H-ST,the impacts of power imbalance among cascaded modules in reverse operation mode are analyzed and then an effective solution based on reactive power compensation combined with the characteristics of the proposed architecture is *** simulation and experimental results clearly validate the effectiveness and feasibility of the theoretical analyses.

关键词： Cascaded H-bridge dual-active bridge series resonant converter smart transformer(ST) three-stage architecture

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Low-temperature NH_(3)-SCR performance of a novel Chlorella@Mn composite denitrification catalyst

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第3期137卷 271-286页

作者： Hengheng Liu Fengyu Gao Songjin ko Ning Luo Xiaolong Tang Erhong Duan Honghong Yi Yuansong Zhou School of Energy and Environmental Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China Beijing Key Laboratory of Resource-oriented Treatment of Industrial Pollutants Beijing 100083China School of Environmental Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology HebeiHebei 050018China Department of Chemistry Pyongyang University of ArchitecturePyongyangDemocratic People’s Republic of Korea

The synthesis process of conventional Mn-based denitrification catalysts is relatively complex and *** this paper,a resource application of chlorella was proposed,and a Chlorella@Mn composite denitrification catalyst was innovatively synthesized by electrostatic *** Chlorella@Mn composite denitrification catalyst prepared under the optimal conditions(0.54 g/L Mn^(2+)concentration,20 million chlorellas/mL concentration,450℃ calcination temperature)exhibited a well-developed pore structure and large specific surface area(122 m^(2)/g).Compared with MnOx alone,the Chlorella@Mn composite catalyst achieved superior performance,with~100%NH_(3)selective catalytic reduction(NH_(3)-SCR)denitrification activity at 100-225℃.The results of NH_(3)temperature-programmed desorption(NH_(3)-TPD)and H_(2)temperature-programmed reduction(H_(2)-TPR)showed that the catalyst had strong acid sites and good redox *** potential testing showed that the electronegativity of the chlorella cell surface could be used to enrich with Mn^(2+).X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS)confirmed that Chlorella@Mn had a high content of Mn^(3+)and surface chemisorbed ***-situ diffuse refectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy(in-situ DRIFTS)experimental results showed that both Langmuir-Hinshelwood(L-H)and Eley-Rideal(E-R)mechanisms play a role in the denitrification process on the surface of the Chlorella@Mn catalyst,where the main intermediate nitrate species is monodentate *** presence of SO_(2)promoted the generation and strengthening of Bronsted acid sites,but also generated more sulfate species on the surface,thereby reducing the denitrification activity of the Chlorella@Mn *** Chlorella@Mn composite catalyst had the characteristics of short preparation time,simple process and low cost,making it promising for industrial application.

关键词： Chlorella@Mn catalyst NH_(3)-SCR Poisoning resistance Reaction mechanism Infuence of SO_(2)

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Tuning the reactivity of TiO_(2)layer with uniform distribution of Sub-5 nm Fe_(2)O_(3)particles via in situ voltage-assisted oxidation for robust catalytic reduction

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Nano Materials Science 2024年第2期6卷 223-234页

作者： Nisa Nashrah Abdelkarim Chaouiki Wail Al Zoubi Young Gun ko Integrated Materials Chemistry Laboratory School of Materials Science and EngineeringYeungnam UniversityGyeongsan38541Republic of Korea

The trade-off between efficiency and stability has limited the application of TiO_(2)as a catalyst due to its poor surface ***,we present a modification of a TiO_(2)layer with highly stable Sub-5 nm Fe_(2)O_(3)nanoparticles(NP)by modulating its structure-surface reactivity relationship to attain efficiency-stability balance via a voltage-assisted oxidation *** situ simultaneous oxidation of the Ti substrate and Fe precursor using high-energy plasma driven by high voltage resulted in uniform distribution of Fe_(2)O_(3)NP embedded within porous TiO_(2)*** surface characterizations with density functional theory demonstrated an improved electronic transition in TiO_(2)due to the presence of surface defects from reactive oxygen species and possible charge transfer from Ti to Fe;it also unexpectedly increased the active site in the TiO_(2)layer due to uncoordinated electrons in Sub-5 nm Fe_(2)O_(3)NP/TiO_(2)catalyst,thereby enhancing the adsorption of chemical functional groups on the *** unique embedded structure exhibited remarkable improvement in reducing 4-nitrophenol to 4-aminophenol,achieving approximately 99%efficiency in 20 min without stability decay after 20 consecutive cycles,outperforming previously reported TiO_(2)-based *** finding proposes a modified-electrochemical strategy enabling facile construction of TiO_(2)with nanoscale oxides extandable to other metal oxide systems.

关键词： Titanium dioxide Oxide nanoparticle Electrochemical oxidation Surface reactivity Efficiency Stability

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Hydrogels for active photonics

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2024年第1期10卷 1-16页

作者： Byoungsu ko Nara Jeon Jaekyung Kim Hyunjung Kang Junhwa Seong Suhyeon Yun Trevon Badloe Junsuk Rho Department of Mechanical Engineering Pohang University of Science and Technology(POSTECH)Pohang 37673Republic of Korea Department of Chemical Engineering Pohang University of Science and Technology(POSTECH)Pohang 37673Republic of Korea Graduate School of Artificial Intelligence Pohang University of Science and Technology(POSTECH)Pohang 37673Republic of Korea POSCO-POSTECH-RIST Convergence Research Center for Flat Optics and Metaphotonics Pohang 37673Republic of Korea

Conventional photonic devices exhibit static optical properties that are design-dependent,including the material’s refractive index and geometrical ***,they still possess attractive optical responses for applications and are already exploited in devices across various *** photonics has emerged as a promising solution in the field of active photonics by providing primarily deformable geometric parameters in response to external *** the past few years,various studies have been undertaken to attain stimuli-responsive photonic devices with tunable optical ***,we focus on the recent advancements in hydrogel-based photonics and micro/nanofabrication techniques for *** particular,fabrication techniques for hydrogel photonic devices are categorized into film growth,photolithography(PL),electron-beam lithography(EBL),and nanoimprint lithography(NIL).Furthermore,we provide insights into future directions and prospects for deformable hydrogel photonics,along with their potential practical applications.

关键词： lithography photonics attractive

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Primary Ewing sarcoma of the kidney mimicking cystic papillary renal cell carcinoma in an older patient:A case repor

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第15期12卷 2606-2613页

作者： Suhong Kim Jongsoo Park Young Hwii ko Hee Jung Kwon Department of Radiology Yeungnam UniversityDaegu 42415South Korea Department of Urology Yeungnam UniversityDaegu 42415South Korea Department of Pathology Yeungnam UniversityDaegu 42415South Korea

BACKGROUND Ewing’s sarcoma(ES)is a neuroectodermal tumor that typically occurs in the bones and soft tissues of children and young *** renal ES is rare;only a few cases and a small case series have been documented,and only four cases involved primary renal ES in older people(>65 years old).CASE SUMMARY Herein,we describe the radiological and pathological features of primary renal ES in an older person.A 76-year-old man complained of poor oral intake and was found to have a large cystic renal mass with indistinct margins on computed ***-guided biopsy revealed that the tumor contained small round blue *** patient underwent a right radical *** tumor cells showed diffuse membranous CD99,and nuclear friend leukemia integration 1 transcription factor and NK2 Homeobox *** in situ hybridization revealed EWSR1 ***,18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography revealed no evidence of *** patient was diagnosed with primary renal *** months following the surgery,local recurrence and distant metastasis were *** renal ES is rare and often lethal in older *** specific imaging findings are unknown,and treatment protocols have not been *** This case report describes the radiological and pathological features of primary renal ES in an older person.

关键词： Ewing sarcoma Elder Renal Kidney Neuroectodermal Case report

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Long-term olfactory loss post-COVID-19:Pathobiology and potential therapeutic strategies

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World Journal of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery 2024年第2期10卷 148-155页

作者： Sarah Kim John B.Finlay Tiffany ko Bradley J.Goldstein Department of Head and Neck Surgery&Communication Sciences Duke UniversityDurhamNorth CarolinaUSA Medical Scientist Training Program Duke UniversityDurhamNorth CarolinaUSA Department of Neurobiology Duke UniversityDurhamNorth CarolinaUSA

An acute loss of smell emerged as a striking symptom present in roughly half of the people infected with the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)virus in the early phases of the COVID-19 *** most COVID-19 patients,olfaction recovers over the course of a few ***,a lasting partial or complete loss of smell,often associated with distorted olfactory perceptions termed parosmia,has emerged as a widespread problem impacting at least 5%-10%of those who experience anosmia due to *** inability to offer effective therapies to this hyposmic or anosmic population,comprising millions of patients,highlights an enormous unmet need for the medical ***,we summarize the current understanding of the pathobiology causing acute olfactory loss due to SARS-CoV-2 infection,focusing on how the virus interacts with the peripheral olfactory system,a major site of viral *** also explore the problem of long-COVID olfactory dysfunction,which may accompany other persistent systemic disorders collectively termed postacute sequelae of ***,we discuss an emerging model focused on unresolved immune cell activity driving ongoing ***,we review current and future therapeutic approaches aimed at restoring olfactory function.

关键词： hyposmia inflammation long-COVID parosmia

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Machine-learned wearable sensors for real-time hand-motion recognition: toward practical applications

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National Science Review 2024年第2期11卷 231-263页

作者： Kyung Rok Pyun Kangkyu Kwon Myung Jin Yoo Kyun Kyu Kim Dohyeon Gong Woon-Hong Yeo Seungyong Han Seung Hwan ko Department of Mechanical Engineering Seoul National University IEN Center for Human-Centric Interfaces and Engineering Institute for Electronics and NanotechnologyGeorgia Institute of Technology School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology Department of Chemical Engineering Stanford University Department of Mechanical Engineering Ajou University George W.Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology Institute of Advanced Machinery and Design(SNU-IAMD) Seoul National University

Soft electromechanical sensors have led to a new paradigm of electronic devices for novel motion-based wearable applications in our daily lives. However, the vast amount of random and unidentified signals generated by complex body motions has hindered the precise recognition and practical application of this technology. Recent advancements in artificial-intelligence technology have enabled significant strides in extracting features from massive and intricate data sets, thereby presenting a breakthrough in utilizing wearable sensors for practical applications. Beyond traditional machine-learning techniques for classifying simple gestures, advanced machine-learning algorithms have been developed to handle more complex and nuanced motion-based tasks with restricted training data sets. Machine-learning techniques have improved the ability to perceive, and thus machine-learned wearable soft sensors have enabled accurate and rapid human-gesture recognition, providing real-time feedback to users. This forms a crucial component of future wearable electronics, contributing to a robust human–machine interface. In this review, we provide a comprehensive summary covering materials, structures and machine-learning algorithms for hand-gesture recognition and possible practical applications through machine-learned wearable electromechanical sensors.

关键词： wearable sensor soft electronics artificial intelligence machine learning human–machine interfaces gesture recognition

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From In-Out Duality to the Foundation of Social Quantum Mechanics

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Open Journal of Applied Sciences 2024年第4期14卷 893-926页

作者： Kyoung-Il ko Department of Political Science Konkuk University Seoul Republic of Korea

This paper introduces a framework of in-out duality, merging insights from quantum mechanics with social sciences to illuminate the complex interplay between internal potentialities and external manifestations. It articulates foundational, mathematical axioms (Entanglement, Homogeneity, Emergence, and Measurement) that underpin the dynamics of systems, emphasizing the interconnectedness and emergent behaviors resulting from internal and external interactions. By exploring quantum concepts like coherence, entanglement, and superposition, the paper proposes an interdisciplinary approach termed Quantum Social Mechanics. This approach challenges classical paradigms, advocating for a reevaluation of conventional notions through the lens of quantum principles. The paper argues that understanding the universe’s complexities requires a synthesis of motion states and potential states, suggesting a paradigm shift towards integrating quantum mechanics into the philosophical foundation of social theory. Through this comprehensive framework, the paper aims to foster a deeper understanding of the universe’s interconnected nature and the dynamic processes that govern the emergence of complex systems and behaviors.

关键词： Ontology Meta-Theory Quantum Social Science Structure Duality Entanglement

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