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NHE7 upregulation potentiates the uptake of small extracellular vesicles by enhancing maturation of macropinosomes in hepatocellular carcinoma

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Cancer Communications 2024年第2期44卷 251-272页

作者： Yue Yao Yi Xu Liang Yu ting-Mao Xue Zhi-Jie Xiao Pui-chi tin Hiu-Ling Fung Hoi-Tang Ma Jing-Ping Yun Judy Wai Ping Yam Department of Pathology School of Clinical MedicineLi Ka Shing Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong KongHong KongP.R.China Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical UniversityHarbinHeilongjingP.R.China Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical UniversityHarbinHeilongjingP.R.China State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South china Cancer Center of Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdongP.R.China Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery II Zhujiang HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdongP.R.China Scientific Research Center The Seventh Affiliated HospitalSun Yat-sen UniversityShenzhenGuangdongP.R.China State Key Laboratory of Liver Research The University of Hong KongHong KongP.R.China Department of Pathology Cancer Center of Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdongP.R.China

Background:Small extracellular vesicles(sEVs)mediate intercellular commu-nication that contributes to hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)progression via multifaceted *** success of cell entry determines the effect of sEV on recipient ***,we aimed to delineate the mechanisms underlying the uptake of sEV in ***:AF,Alexa Fluor;ANOVA,analysis of variance;ATP9A,ATPase Phospholipid Transporting 9A;BCECF-AM,2’,7’-bis-(2-barboxyethyl)-5-(and-6)-carboxyfluorescein,acetoxymethyl ester;BSA,bovine serum albumin;CCMR,Centre for Comparative Medicine Research;CRISPR,clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats;CTL,ctrl;CXCR4,C-X-C Chemokine Receptor Type 4;DAPI,4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole;DFS,disease-free survival;DMEM,Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle Medium;DMSO,dimethyl sulfoxide;Dox,doxycycline;EEA1,early endosome antigen 1;EIPA,5-(N-ethyl-N-isopropyl)-amiloride;FBS,fetal bovine serum;FITC,fluorescein isothiocyanate;GAPDH,glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase;GM130,Golgi matrix protein 130;HCC,hepatocellular carcinoma;HEPES,4-(2-hydroxyethyl)-1-piperazineethanesulfonic acid;HPRT1,hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase 1;H-score,histoscore;IAA,indole-3-acetic acid;KD,knockdown;KO,knockout;mAID,mini-auxin-inducible degron;MTT,3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide;NHE7,Na(+)/H(+)exchanger 7;ns,non-significant;OD,optical density;OS,overall survival;PBS,phosphate-buffered saline;PCR,polymerase chain reaction;pHe,endosomal pH;pHi,intracellular pH;PKH67,Paul Karl Horan 67;Rab21,Ras-associated binding protein 21;RIPA,radioimmunoprecipitation assay;SAM,synergistic activation mediator;SEMs,standard error of the means;sEVs,small extracellular vesicles;sgRNA,single-guide RNA;shRNA,short-hairpin RNA;SLC9,solute carrier gene 9;SLiCE,Seamless Ligation Cloning Extract;TCGA,The Cancer Genome Atlas;TCL,total cell lysates;TGN,trans-Golgi network;TMA,tissue microarray;TMR,tetramethyl rhodamine;TSG101,tumor susceptibility gene *** Yao an

关键词： hepatocellular carcinoma small extracellular vesicles macropinocytosis pH regulation sodium-hydrogen exchanger

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Comparing 11 early warning scores and three shock indices in early sepsis prediction in the emergency department

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World Journal of Emergency Medicine 2024年第4期15卷 273-282页

作者： Rex Pui Kin Lam Zonglin Dai Eric Ho Yin Lau Carrie Yuen ting Ip Ho ching Chan Lingyun Zhao Tat chiTsang Matthew Sik hon Tsui Timothy Hudson Rainer Department of Emergency Medicine School of Clinical MedicineLi Ka Shing Faculty of Medicinethe University of Hong KongHong KongChina School of Public Health Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicinethe University of Hong KongHong KongChina Accident and Emergency Department Queen Mary HospitalHong KongChina

BACKGROUND:This study aimed to evaluate the discriminatory performance of 11 vital sign-based early warning scores(EWSs)and three shock indices in early sepsis prediction in the emergency department(ED).METHODS:We performed a retrospective study on consecutive adult patients with an infection over 3 months in a public ED in hong *** primary outcome was sepsis(Sepsis-3 definition)within 48 h of ED *** c-statistics and the DeLong test,we compared 11 EWSs,including the National Early Warning Score 2(NEWS2),Modified Early Warning Score,and Worthing Physiological Scoring System(WPS),etc.,and three shock indices(the shock index[SI],modified shock index[MSI],and diastolic shock index[DSI]),with Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome(SIRS)and quick Sequential Organ Failure Assessment(qSOFA)in predicting the primary outcome,intensive care unit admission,and mortality at different time ***:We analyzed 601 patients,of whom 166(27.6%)developed ***2 had the highest point estimate(area under the receiver operating characteristic curve[AUROC]0.75,95%CI 0.70-0.79)and was significantly better than SIRS,qSOFA,other EWSs and shock indices,except WPS,at predicting the primary ***,the pooled sensitivity and specificity of NEWS2≥5 for the prediction of sepsis were 0.45(95%CI 0.37-0.52)and 0.88(95%CI 0.85-0.91),*** discriminatory performance of all EWSs and shock indices declined when used to predict mortality at a more remote time ***:NEWS2 compared favorably with other EWSs and shock indices in early sepsis prediction but its low sensitivity at the usual cut-off point requires further modification for sepsis screening.

关键词： Sepsis Emergency department Clinical prediction rule Early warning score Shock index

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Toward Cloud Computing QoS Architecture:Analysis of Cloud Systems and Cloud Services

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2017年第1期4卷 6-18页

作者： Mohammad Hossein Ghahramani MengChu Zhou chi tin.hon IEEE Institute of Systems Engineering Macao University of Science and Technology Helen and John C. Hartmann Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering New Jersey Institute of Technology School of Management Fudan University

Cloud can be defined as a new computing paradigm that provides scalable, on-demand, and virtualized resources for users. In this style of computing, users can access a shared pool of computing resources which are provisioned with minimal management efforts of users. Yet there are some obstacles and concerns about the use of clouds. Guaranteeing quality of service QoS by service providers can be regarded as one of the main concerns for companies tending to use it. Service provisioning in clouds is based on service level agreements representing a contract negotiated between users and providers. According to this contract, if a provider cannot satisfy its agreed application requirements, it should pay penalties as compensation. In this paper, we intend to carry out a comprehensive survey on the models proposed in literature with respect to the implementation principles to address the QoS guarantee issue. © 2014 chinese Association of Automation.

关键词： Cloud computing Distributed computer systems System of systems Systems engineering Telecommunication services Web services

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Use of antiarrhythmic drugs in elderly patients

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2011年第3期8卷 184-194页

作者： hon-chi Lee Kristin TL Huang Win-Kuang Shen Division of Cardiovascular Diseases Department of Internal Medicine Mayo Clinic 200 First Street SW Rochester MN 55905 USA Harvard Medical School 25 Shattuck Street Boston MA 02115 USA Division of Cardiovascular Diseases Department oflnternal Medicine Mayo Clinic 13400 East Shea Blvd. Scottsdale AZ 85259 USA

Human aging is a global issue with important implications for current and future incidence and prevalence of health conditions and disability. Cardiac arrhythmias, including atrial fibrillation, sudden cardiac death, and bradycardia requiring pacemaker placement, all increase exponentially after the age of 60. It is important to distinguish between the normal, physiological consequences of aging on cardiac electrophysiology and the abnormal, pathological alterations. The age-related cardiac changes include ventricular hypertrophy, senile amyloidosis, cardiac valvular degenerative changes and annular calcification, fibrous infiltration of the conduction system, and loss of natural pacemaker cells and these changes could have a profound effect on the development of arrhythmias. The age-related cardiac electrophysiological changes include up- and down-regulation of specific ion channel expression and intmcellular Ca2＋ overload which promote the development of cardiac arrhythmias. As ion channels are the substrates of antiarrhythmic drugs, it follows that the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of these drugs will also change with age. Aging alters the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and elimination of antiarrhythmic drugs, so liver and kidney function must be monitored to avoid potential adverse drug effects, and antiarrhythmic dosing may need to be adjusted for age. Elderly patients are also more susceptible to the side effects of many antiarrhytbanics, including bradycardia, orthostatic hypotension, urinary retention, and falls. Moreover, the choice of antiarrhythmic drugs in the elderly patient is frequently complicated by the presence of co-morbid conditions and by polypharmacy, and the astute physician must pay careful attention to potential drug-drug interactions. Finally, it is important to remember that the use of antiarrhythmic drugs in elderly patients must be individualized and tailored to each patient＇s physiology, disease processes, and medication

关键词： aging antiarrhythmic drugs pharmacokinetics pharmacodynamics polypharmacy cardiac electrophysiology ion channels

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In-situ deposited anti-aging tin capping layer for Nb superconducting quantum circuits

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chinese Physics B 2024年第9期33卷 133-137页

作者： Hao-Ran Tao Lei Du Liang-Liang Guo Yong Chen Hai-Feng Zhang Xiao-Yan Yang Guo-Liang Xu chi Zhang Zhi-Long Jia Peng Duan Guo-Ping Guo CAS Key Laboratory of Quantum Information University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China CAS Center for Excellence and Synergetic Innovation Center in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Origin Quantum Computing Company Limited Hefei 230088China

The performance of Nb superconducting quantum devices is predominantly limited by dielectric loss at the metal–air interface,where Nb2O5 is considered the main loss ***,we suppress the formation of native oxides by in-situ deposition of a tin capping layer on the Nb *** tin capping layers,no Nb2O5 forms on the surface of the Nb *** quality factor Qi of the Nb resonator increases from 5.6×10^(5) to 7.9×10^(5) at low input power and from 6.8×10^(6) to 1.1×10^(7)at high input ***,the tin capping layer also shows good aging resistance in Nb resonator devices,with no significant performance fluctuations after one month of *** findings highlight the effectiveness of tin capping layers in enhancing the performance and longevity of Nb superconducting quantum devices.

关键词： anti-aging oxidation dielectric loss Nb superconducting quantum circuits

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The Upper Ocean Thermal Structure and the Genesis Locations of Tropical Cyclones in the South china Sea

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Journal of Ocean University of china 2007年第2期6卷 125-131页

作者： WANG Lei Fung chi-Hung Lau Kai-hon Department of Mathematics Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Hong Kong SAR P. R. China Institute for the Environment Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyHong Kong SAR P. R. China

The relationship between the upper ocean thermal structure and the genesis locations of tropical cyclones (TCs) in the South china Sea (SCS) is investigated by using the Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC) best-track archives and high resolution (1/4 degree) temperature analyses of the world's oceans in this paper. In the monthly mean genesis positions of TCs from 1945 to 2005 in the SCS, the mean sea surface temperature (SST) was 28.8℃ and the mean depth of 26℃ water was 53.1 m. From the monthly distribution maps of genesis positions of TCs, SST and the depth of 26℃ water in the SCS, we discovered that there existed regions with SST exceeding 26℃ and 26℃ water depth exceeding 50 m where no tropical cyclones formed from 1945 to 2005 in the SCS, which suggests that there were other factors unfavorable for TC formation in these regions.

关键词： tropical cyclone ocean thermal structure South china Sea

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Numerical Simulation of the Genesis of Typhoon Durian (2001) over the South china Sea:the Effect of Sea Surface Temperature

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Journal of Ocean University of china 2010年第2期9卷 99-115页

作者： WANG Lei LAU Kai-hon FUNG chi-Hung Department of Mathematics Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Hong Kong P. R. China Institute for the Environment Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Hong Kong P. R. China

Typhoon Durian (2001),which formed over the South china Sea (SCS),was simulated by using the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model. The genesis of typhoon Durian which formed in the monsoon trough was reproduced by numerical simulations. The simulated results agree reasonably well with observations. Two numerical experiments in which the sea surface temperature (SST) was either decreased or increased were performed to investigate the impact of the SST on the genesis of the ty-phoon. When the SST was decreased by 5℃ uniformly for all grids in the model,the winds calculated became divergent in the lower troposphere and convergent in the upper troposphere,creating conditions in which the amount of total latent heat release (TLHR) was low and the tropical cyclone (TC) could not be formed. This simulation shows the importance of the convergence in the lower tropo-sphere and the divergence in the upper troposphere for the genesis of the initial vortex. When the SST was increased by 1℃ uni-formly for all grids,a stronger typhoon was generated in the results with an increase of about 10 m s-1 in the maximum surface wind speed. Only minor differences in intensity were noted during the first 54 h in the simulation with the warmer SST,but apparent dif-ferences in intensity occurred after 54 h when the vortex began to strengthen to typhoon strength. This experiment shows that warmer SST will speed the strengthening from tropical storm strength to typhoon strength and increase the maximum intensity reached,while only minor impact can be seen during the earlier stage of genesis before the TC reaches the tropical storm strength. The results sug-gest that the amount of TLHR may be the dominant factor in determining the formation and the intensification of the TC.

关键词： tropical cyclone WRF numerical simulation cyclone genesis

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Electrical remodeling in human atrial fibrillation

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chinese Medical Journal 2013年第12期126卷 2380-2383页

作者： hon-chi Lee Division of Cardiovascular Diseases Department of Internal Medicine Mayo Clinic Rochester Minnesota USA

Atrial fibrillation is the most common clinically important cardiac arrhythmia accounting for 20% to 25% of strokes and is a common cause of congestive heart failure.1,2 With the aging population and changing demographics,atrial fibrillation has become an epidemic affecting 2.66 million people in the United *** prevalence of atrial fibrillation is estimated to increase by 5 fold to 12 million by 2050.3 The diagnosis and treatment of atrial fibrillation represent a significant health care burden of $15.7 billion per year.4 Treatment of atrial fibrillation using antiarrhythmic drugs has been disappointing,while radiofrequency ablation approaches have limitations,including unclear long-term *** in treatment is needed and pursuit of novel modalities of therapy requires fundamental knowledge in the molecular mechanisms that lead to atrial fibrillation,including electrical remodeling in atrial fibrillation.

关键词： atrial fibrillation electrical remodeling ion channels oxidative stress and inflammation microRNA

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Enhanced optical Kerr nonlinearity of MoS2 on silicon waveguides

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Photonics Research 2015年第5期3卷 206-209页

作者： Linghai Liu Ke Xu Xi Wan Jianbin Xu chi Yan Wong hon Ki Tsang Department of Electronic Engineering The Chinese University of Hong Kong Department of Electronic and Information Engineering Shenzhen Graduate SchoolHarbin Institute of Technology

A quasi-two-dimensional layer of MoS2 was placed on top of a silicon optical waveguide to form a MoS2–silicon hybrid structure. chirped pulse self-phase modulation measurements were carried out to determine the optica Kerr nonlinearity of the structure. The observed increase in the spectral broadening of the optical pulses in the MoS2–silicon waveguide compared with the silicon waveguides indicated that the third-order nonlinear effect in MoS2 is about 2 orders of magnitude larger than that in silicon. The measurements show that MoS2 has an effective optical Kerr coefficient of about 1.1 × 10-16m2∕W. This work reveals the potential application of MoS2 to enhance the nonlinearity of hybrid silicon optical devices.

关键词： Mo Enhanced optical Kerr nonlinearity of MoS2 on silicon waveguides mode

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Features of Ocean Surface Winds Observed by the QuikSCAT Satellite Before Tropical Cyclogenesis over the South china Sea

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Journal of Ocean University of china 2008年第3期7卷 241-245页

作者： WANG Lei LAU Kai-hon FUNG chi-Hung ZHANG Qinghong Department of Mathematics Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Hong Kong P. R. China Institute for the Environment Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Hong Kong P. R. China Department of Atmospheric Sciences Peking University Beijing 100871 P. R. China

Ocean surface winds observed by the Quick Scatterometer(QuikSCAT) satellite prior to the geneses of 36 tropical cy-clones(TCs) in the South china Sea(SCS) are investigated in this paper. The results show that there are areas with negative mean horizontal divergence around the TC genesis locations three days prior to TC formation. The divergence term [-(f+ζ)(u/x+v/y) ] in the vorticity equation is calculated based upon the QuikSCAT ocean surface wind data. The calculated mean divergence term is about 10.3 times the mean relative vorticity increase rate around the TC genesis position one day prior to TC genesis,which shows the important contributions of the divergence term to the vorticity increase prior to TC formation. It is suggested that criteria related with the divergence and divergence term be applied in early detections of tropical cyclogenesis using the QuikSCAT satellite data.

关键词： tropical cyclone QuikSCAT South china Sea cyclone genesis

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