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Is the advantage of coronary bypass graft surgery over percutaneous coronary intervention in diabetic patients with severe multivessel disease influenced by the status of insulin requirement？

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2014年第1期11卷 83-89页

作者： Beom Jun Lee Peter Herbison cheuk-kit wong Department of Cardiology Dunedin School of Medicine University of Otago Dunedin Public Hospital Dunedin New Zealand Department Preventive and Social Medicine Dunedin School of Medicine University of Otago Dunedin New Zealand

Several studies have shown that coronary artery bypass graft surgery （CABG） is superior to percutaneous coronary intervention （PCI） in patients with diabetes and multi-vessel disease. Whether this advantage of CABG over PCI is confined to diabetics who require insulin is unknown. We review the published literature comparing CABG with PCI in diabetics including 8 cohorts and 4,786 patients. There was a lower rate for all-cause mortality （Relative risk （RR）： 0.78, 95% confidence interval （CI）： 0.62-0.99）, and for major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events （MACCE, RR： 0.59, 95% CI： 0.47-0.75） for CABG compared to PCI. Composite outcome of mortality, myocardial infarction and stoke was similar between CABG and PCI （RR： 0.87, 95% CI： 0.54-1.42）. Visual inspection of the forest plots showed that in most analyses, the point estimates of the RR are similar between the insulin requiring group and non-insulin requiring group. On meta-regression, there was no interaction between status of insulin requirement and revascularization strategies （P 〉 0.05 for all）. The pre- sented data on the still unpublished analysis of the FREEDOM trial showed similar results. Thus, in the current era, CABG is superior to PCI with lower mortality and MACCE rates, but the state of insulin requirement had no effect on the outcomes from the two revascularization strategies.

关键词： Percutaneous coronary intervention Coronary artery bypass graft surgery Diabetes mellims Insulin Multivessel disease

On the question of quark confinement in the Abelian U(1)QED gauge interaction

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Frontiers of physics 2023年第6期18卷 39-91页

作者： cheuk-Yin wong Physics Division Oak Ridge National Laboratory*Oak RidgeTN 37831USA

If we approximate light quarks as massless and apply the Schwinger confinement mechanism to light quarks,we will reach the conclusion that a light quark and its antiquark will be confined as a boson in the Abelian U(1)QED gauge interaction in(1+1)D,as in an open *** the work of Coleman,Jackiw,and Susskind,we can infer further that the Schwinger confinement mechanism persists even for massive quarks in(1+1)*** such a QED-confined one-dimensional open string in(1+1)D be the idealization of a flux tube in the physical world in(3+1)D,similar to the case of QCD-confined open string?If so,the QED-confined bosons may show up as neutral QED mesons in the mass region of many tens of MeV[***.C 81,064903(2010)&*** Energy Phys.2020(8),165(2020)].Is it ever possible that a quark and an antiquark be produced and interact in QED alone to form a confined QED meson?Is there any experimental evidence for the existence of a QED meson(or QED mesons)?The observations of the anomalous soft photons,the X17 particle,and the E38 particle suggest that they may bear the experimental evidence for the existence of such QED *** confirmation and investigations on the X17 and E38 particles will shed definitive light on the question of quark confinement in QED in(3+1)*** of quark confinement in the QED interaction are discussed.

关键词： quark confinement QCD interaction QED interaction Schwinger model open string model of mesons QCD molecular states

Airborne transmission during short-term events: Direct route over indirect route

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Building Simulation 2022年第12期15卷 2097-2110页

作者： Xiujie Li Zhengtao Ai Jinjun Ye cheuk Ming Mak Hai Ming wong Department of Building Environment and Energy Engineering The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong KongChina Department of Civil Engineering Hunan UniversityChangshaChina National Center for International Research Collaboration in Building Safety and Environment Hunan UniversityChangshaChina Faculty of Dentistry The University of Hong KongHong KongChina

Numerous short-term exposure events in public spaces were reported during the COVID-19 pandemic,especially during the spread of Delta and ***,the currently used exposure risk assessment models and mitigation measures are mostly based on the assumption of steady-state and complete-mixing *** present study investigates the dynamics of airborne transmission in short-term events when a steady state is not reached before the end of the ***-eddy simulation(LES)is performed to predict the airborne transmission in short-term events,and three representative physical distances between two occupants are *** time-averaged and phase-averaged exposure indices are used to evaluate the exposure *** results present that the exposure index in the short-term events constantly varies over time,especially within the first 1/ACH(air changes per hour)hour of exposure between occupants in close proximity,posing high uncertainty to the spatial and temporal evolutions of the risk of *** decoupling analysis of the direct and indirect airborne transmission routes indicates that the direct airborne transmission is the predominated route in short-term *** suggests also that the general dilution ventilation has a relatively limited efficiency in mitigating the risk of direct airborne transmission,but determines largely the occurrence time of the indirect *** the randomness,discreteness,localization,and high-risk characteristics of direct airborne transmission,a localized method that has a direct interference on the respiratory flows would be better than dilution ventilation for short-term events,in terms of both efficiency and cost.

关键词： airborne transmission short-term events direct exposure transient computational fluid dynamics(CFD) exposure risk

Review of evolution of clinical, training and educational services and research program for autism spectrum disorders in Hong Kong

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2015年第10期58卷 991-1009页

作者： Virginia Chun-Nei wong cheuk-Wing FUNG So-Lun LEE Polly Tsz Yan wong Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine the University of Hong Kong Queen Mary Hospital

The evolution of a local fragmented model of services for children with autism in Hong Kong emerged gradually over the past three decades with lack of government funding or support. This had been due to increasing number of children with autism being detected and referred for earlier assessment. With increasing pressure from parents due to long waiting time for assessment and training services and the increasing polarization by mass media there had been a gradual increasing public awareness over the past five years. Though still highly fragmented in the availability of services, there is a growing "business model" available in the community due to increasing need and lack of public funding for support. There is a lack of strategic planning for medical diagnostic and management issues in Hong Kong. Our University of Hong Kong based Autism Research Program was pioneered in 1985 based on the increasing load of autism cases referred for assessment for other developmental problems and diagnosed as Autism in the Duchess of Kent Children's Hospital. As the first author has been the staff of the University of Hong Kong, this program flourished as a research based program. The benefits of early identification and intervention of autism spectrum disorder(ASD) had been increasingly recognized, and with the increased public awareness and increasing trend of earlier diagnosis, there has been a continuously high demand from parents for earlier assessment and training for children suspected to have ASD. This model had not received extra funding for this integrated program for research, teaching and training in autism. We had to apply for various donations and grants to support the development of this pioneer program. The research output and organization of forums for public education and awareness are reviewed. The latter part of the paper reports the summary of clinical profile of autism cases(N=1441) assessed from 1985 to 2010 June under the University of Hong Kong. As the waiti

关键词： autism spectrum disorder (ASD) autism Asperger syndrome children

Overview of methodologies and statistical strategies in observational studies and meta-analyses on the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with chronic hepatitis B on entecavir or tenofovir therapy

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Hepatoma Research 2022年第1期8卷 143-156页

作者： Terry cheuk-Fung Yip Vincent Wai-Sun wong Mandy Sze-Man Lai Vicki Wing-Ki Hui Yee-kitTse Grace Lai-Hung wong Medical Data Analytics Centre Department of Medicine and TherapeuticsThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina Department of Medicine and Therapeutics 9/F Lui Che Woo Clinical Sciences BuildingPrince of Wales Hospital30-32 Ngan Shing StreetShatinHong KongChina Institute of Digestive Disease The Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina

Entecavir(ETV)and tenofovir disoproxil fumarate(TDF)are first-line antiviral therapies for patients with chronic hepatitis B(CHB)and reduce the risk of disease progression and liver-related complications,as well as improve survival by effectively suppressing viral ***,since the first publication in 2019 on a lower risk of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)in Korean patients receiving TDF than those receiving ETV,the topic has remained a hot and unsettled *** studies and meta-analyses have yielded conflicting *** HCC takes time to develop,studies are mainly observational to benefit from a larger sample size and longer follow-up that provides a higher statistical power to compare the two ***,TDF was available to CHB patients a few years later than ETV in most countries,thus leading to a difference in follow-up ***,despite studying the same topic,the difference in data sources and available parameters,inclusion and exclusion criteria,and use of statistical methods complicated the interpretation and comparison of the findings and contributed to between-study heterogeneity in *** review describes some caveats in interpreting and comparing the results from these observational studies and *** studies should explore better designed observational studies with high-quality data sources,and aggregation of patient data in metaanalysis to tackle between-study heterogeneity.

关键词： Bias confounding hepatitis B virus hepatocellular carcinoma liver cancer nucleos(t)ide analogues propensity score

A cyanostilbene-based molecule with aggregation-induced emission properties: amplified spontaneous emission, protonation effect and electroluminescence

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Science China Chemistry 2019年第2期62卷 212-219页

作者： Yujie Dong Suqian Ma Xiaoyu Zhang Jingyu Qian Nianyong Zhu Bin Xu cheuk-Lam Ho Wenjing Tian Wai-Yeung wong Institute of Molecular Functional Materials and Department of Chemistry Hong Kong Baptist University State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry Synthesis Technology College of Chemical Engineering Zhejiang University of Technology State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials Jilin University Department of Applied Biology & Chemical Technology The Hong Kong Polytechnic University

A terpyridine-substituted cyanostilbene derivative(Z)-2-(4′-([2,2′:6′,2″-terpyridin]-4′-yl)-[1,1′-biphenyl]-4-yl)-3-phenylacrylonitrile(CNSTPy) was synthesized and characterized. The compound exhibits remarkable aggregation-induced emission phenomenon and its single crystal shows a blue emission with fluorescent efficiency as high as 45%. Based on its aggregation state behavior, multiple applications towards exploring its lasing, fluorescence switching and electroluminescence properties were realized. Amplified spontaneous emission(ASE) was observed from the crystal and verified by the variable pump strip method, with a threshold value of ～1.5 m J cm^(-2). The protonation/deprotonation processes accompanied by the formation of different molecular aggregation structure result in the distinct blue and yellow emissions. Additionally, the molecule also shows a moderate electroluminescence performance.

关键词： aggregation-induced emission cyanostilbene amplified spontaneous emission protonation effect

Interference with the formation of the epididymal microenvironment——a new strategy for male contraception?

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2000年第1期2卷 39-45页

作者： X.D.Gong G.P.H.Leung B.L.Y.cheuk P.Y.D.wong Department of Phsiology The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shatin N. T. Hong Kong ChinaDepartment of Phsiology The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shatin N. T. Hong Kong ChinaDepartment of Phsiology The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shatin N. T. Hong Kong ChinaDepartment of Phsiology The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shatin N. T. Hong Kong China

The cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFIR) or the small conductance cAMP-activated chlo-ride channel encoded by the CFTR gene has been shown to play an important role in the formation of the epididymalfluid microenvironment. Recent work in our laboratory has shown that this protein is also expressed by developing germcells indicating a role of this protein in spermatogenesis. In view of the fact that the CFTR gene has a far reaching andwidespread effect on human reproduction, understanding the role of CFTR in the male reproductive tissues and its inter-vention by pharmacological agents can open a new avenue of research into the development of novel male contracep-tives. (Asian J Androl 2000; 2: 39 - 45 )

关键词： epididymis cyclooxygenase contraception cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator

Does Minimizing Ventricular Pacing Reduce the Incidence of Atrial Fibrillation ? A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

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Cardiovascular Innovations and Applications 2020年第3期5卷 1-7页

作者： Ishan Lakhani Mengqi Gong cheuk Wai wong George Bazoukis Konstantinos PLetsas Guangping Li Khalid bin Wahleed Yunlong Xia Adrian Baranchuk Gary Tse Keith Sai kit Leung Tong Liu Dong Chang Laboratory of Cardiovascular Physiology Li Ka Shing Institute of Health SciencesHong Kong Special Administrative RegionPeople’s Republic of China Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ionic-Molecular Function of Cardiovascular Disease Department of CardiologyTianjin Institute of CardiologySecond Hospital of Tianjin Medical UniversityTianjin 300211People’s Republic of China Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine The University of Hong KongHong KongSpecial Administrative RegionPeople’s Republic of China Second Department of Cardiology Laboratory of Cardiac ElectrophysiologyEvangelismos General Hospital of AthensAthensGreece Department of Cardiology First Affi liated Hospital of Dalian Medical UniversityDalianChina Division of Cardiology Kingston General HospitalQueen’s UniversityKingstonOntarioCanada Xiamen Cardiovascular Hospital Xiamen UniversityXiamenFujianPeople’s Republic of China Aston Medical School Aston UniversityBirminghamUnited Kingdom

Background:Right ventricular pacing disrupts atrioventricular synchrony and increases the risk of atrial fi brillation(AF).However,whether algorithms for minimizing ventricular pacing reduce the incidence of AF remains ***,we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to compare the incidence of AF between minimizing ventricular pacing and conventional pacing protocols in patients with pacemakers ***:The PubMed,Embase,and Cochrane Library databases were searched up to August 1,2017,for randomized controlled trials that reported the incidence of AF in patients with and without the use of algorithms for minimizing ventricular ***:Eleven studies comprising 5705 participants(61%males,mean age 71 years[standard deviation 11 years])were fi nally included in the *** mean follow-up duration was 24 *** of algorithms for minimizing ventricular pacing signifi cantly reduced the incidence of AF,with an odds ratio of 0.74(95%confi dence interval 0.55–1.00;P<0.05).There was moderate heterogeneity among studies(I 2=63%).Conclusions:The incidence of AF was reduced by 26%with use of algorithms for minimizing ventricular *** incorporation of such algorithms in routine clinical practice should in theory lead to a decrease in AF-related morbidity and mortality.

关键词： Atrial fibrillation minimizing ventricular pacing pacemaker

Pion Elliptic Flow and Interferometry for a Granular Source of QGP Droplets

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Pion Elliptic Flow and Interferometry for a Granular Source ...