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Alexa,let's train now!——A systematic review and classification approach to digital and home-based physical training interventions aiming to support healthy cognitive aging

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第1期13卷 30-46页

作者： Fabian Herold Paula Theobald Thomas Gronwald Navin Kaushal Liye Zou Eling D.de Bruin Louis Bherer Notger gmüller Research Group Degenerative and Chronic Diseases MovementFaculty of Health Sciences BrandenburgUniversity of PotsdamPotsdam 14476Germany Body-Brain-Mind Laboratory Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China Institute of Interdisciplinary Exercise Science and Sports Medicine MSH Medical School HamburgHamburg 20457Germany Department of Health Sciences School of Health&Human SciencesIndiana UniversityIndianapolisIN 46202USA Department of Health Sciences and Technology Institute of Human Movement Sciences and SportETH ZurichZurich 8093Switzerland Department of Neurobiology Care Sciencesand SocietyKarolinska InstituteStockholm 17177Sweden Department of Health OST-Eastern Swiss University of Applied SciencesSt.Gallen 9001Switzerland Montreal Heart Institute MontrealQC H1T 1C8Canada Department of Medicine Universite de MontrealMontrealQC H3T 1J4Canada Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Geriatrie de Montreal MontrealQC H3W 1W5Canada

Background:There is mounting evidence that regular physical activity is an important prerequisite for healthy cognitive ***,the finding that almost one-third of the adult population does not reach the recommended level of regular physical activity calls for further public health *** this context,digital and home-based physical training interventions might be a promising alternative to center-based intervention ***,this systematic review aimed to summarize the current state of the literature on the effects of digital and home-based physical training interventions on adult cognitive ***:In this pre-registered systematic review(PROSPERO;ID:CRD42022320031),5 electronic databases(PubMed,Web of Science,Psyclnfo,SPORTDiscus,and Cochrane Library)were searched by 2 independent researchers(FH and PT)to identify eligible studies investigating the effects of digital and home-based physical training interventions on cognitive performance in *** systematic literature search yielded 8258 records(extra17 records from other sources),of which 27 controlled trials were considered *** reviewers(FH and PT)independently extracted data and assessed the risk of bias using a modified version of the Tool for the assEssment of Study qualiTy and reporting in EXercise(TESTEX scale).Results:Of the 27 reviewed studies,15 reported positive effects on cognitive and motor-cognitive outcomes(i.e.,performance improvements in measures of executive functions,working memory,and choice stepping reaction test),and a considerable heterogeneity concerning study-related,population-related,and intervention-related characteristics was noticed.A more detailed analysis suggests that,in particular,interventions using online classes and technology-based exercise devices(i.e.,step-based exergames)can improve cognitive performance in healthy older *** one-half of the reviewed studies were rated as having a high risk of bias with respect

关键词： Brain Cognition Digital health Exercise-cognition Physical activity

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中美互换摘要

中华高血压杂志 2020年第8期28卷 798-798页

作者：袁源(译) 叶鹏(校) Rathi N Whelton PK chertow gm Cushman WC Cheung AK Wei G Boucher R Kimmel PL Bress AP Kramer HJ Al-Marji C Greene T Beddhu S Dos Santos ESG De Souza OF 不详

糖尿病前期是否影响强化降压对肾脏事件的作用?美国成人>1/3处在糖尿病前期,且普遍伴发高血压。方法:研究者通过对收缩压干预试验(systolic blood pressure intervention trial, SPRINT)事后比较分析(post-hoc analysis),评估糖尿病前... 详细信息

糖尿病前期是否影响强化降压对肾脏事件的作用?美国成人>1/3处在糖尿病前期,且普遍伴发高血压。方法:研究者通过对收缩压干预试验(systolic blood pressure intervention trial, SPRINT)事后比较分析(post-hoc analysis),评估糖尿病前期是否影响强化降压对慢性肾脏病(chronic kidney disease,CKD)及急性肾损伤(acute kidney injury,AKI)的作用。

关键词：糖尿病前期慢性肾脏病美国成人强化降压

收缩压干预试验中不同种族和民族间临床结局:一项随机临床试验

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中华高血压杂志 2018年第10期26卷 998-998页

作者： Still CH Rodriguez CJ Wright JT Jr Craven TE Bress AP chertow gm Whelton PK Whittle JC Freedman BI Johnson KC Foy CG He J Kostis JB Lash JP Pedley CF Pisoni R Powell JR Wall BM 陈云叶鹏

收缩压干预试验（systolic blood pressure intervention trial，SPRINT）结果显示，与降压目标≤140mmHg（标准治疗组）相比，以目标收缩压≤120mmHg的强化治疗更能减少心血管事件的发生；然而，目前尚不清楚是否在所有种族／族群间都... 详细信息

收缩压干预试验（systolic blood pressure intervention trial，SPRINT）结果显示，与降压目标≤140mmHg（标准治疗组）相比，以目标收缩压≤120mmHg的强化治疗更能减少心血管事件的发生；然而，目前尚不清楚是否在所有种族／族群间都有相似的效应。

关键词：干预试验随机临床试验收缩压临床结局种族民族心血管事件降压目标

收缩压干预试验中诊间血压变异性与心血管事件的关系

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中华高血压杂志 2017年第8期25卷 797-797页

作者：陈嘉睿叶鹏 Chang TI Reboussin DM chertow gm Cheung AK Cushman WC Kostis WJ Parati G Raj D Riessen E Shapiro B Stergiou GS Townsend RR Tsioufis K Whelton PK Whittle J Wright JT Papademetriou V Research SPRINT Group

在接受降压治疗的高危高血压患者中观察诊间血压变异性（office blood pressure variability,OBPV）与心血管事件和死亡关系的研究不多。该研究对收缩压干预试验（systolic blood pressure intervention trial,SPRINT）进行事后分析,SPR... 详细信息

在接受降压治疗的高危高血压患者中观察诊间血压变异性（office blood pressure variability,OBPV）与心血管事件和死亡关系的研究不多。该研究对收缩压干预试验（systolic blood pressure intervention trial,SPRINT）进行事后分析,SPRINT试验将参与者随机分为强化降压组（目标血压〈120mm Hg,1mm Hg=0.133kPa）或者标准降压组（目标血压〈140mm Hg）。

关键词：血压变异性干预试验心血管事件目标血压 SPRINT systolic 复合终点诊室血压事后分析噻嗪类利尿剂

Impact of enhanced recovery pathways on safety and efficacy of hip and knee arthroplasty:A systematic review and meta-analysis

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2022年第3期13卷 307-328页

作者： Marion JLF Heymans Nanne P Kort Barbara AM Snoeker Martijn gm Schotanus Zuyderland Academy Zuyderland Medical CenterSittard 6155 NHNetherlands Department of Orthopedic Surgery CortoclinicsSchijndel 5482 WNNetherlands Department of Clinical Epidemiology Biostatistics and BioinformaticsAmsterdam Medical CenterUniversity of AmsterdamAmsterdam 1105 AZNetherlands Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology Zuyderland Medical CenterSittard-Geleen 6162 BGLimburgNetherlands Care and Public Health Research Institute Maastricht University Medical CentreFaculty of HealthMedicine&Life SciencesMaastricht 6229 ERLimburgNetherlands

BACKGROUND Over the past decades,clinical pathways(CPs)for hip and knee arthroplasty have been strongly and continuously evolved based on scientific evidence and *** The present systematic review,including meta-analysis,aimed to compare the safety and efficacy of enhanced recovery pathways(ERP)with regular pathways for patients with hip and/or knee *** A literature search in healthcare databases(Embase,PubMed,Cochrane Library,CINAHL,and Web of Science)was conducted from inception up to June *** randomized controlled trials as well as observational studies comparing ERP,based on novel evidence,with regular or standard pathways,prescribing care as usual for hip and/or knee arthroplasty,were *** effect of both CPs was assessed for(serious)adverse events[(S)AEs],readmission rate,length of hospital stay(LoS),clinician-derived clinical outcomes,patient reported outcome measures(PROMs),and financial *** possible,a meta-analysis was *** case of considerable heterogeneity among studies,a qualitative analysis was *** Forty studies were eligible for data extraction,34 in meta-analysis and 40 in qualitative *** total sample size consisted of more than 2 million patients undergoing hip or knee arthroplasty,with a mean age of 66 years and with 60%of *** methodological quality of the included studies ranged from average to *** ERP had lower(S)AEs[relative risk(RR):0.9,95%confidence interval(CI):0.8-1]and readmission rates(RR:0.8,95%CI:0.7-1),and reduced LoS[median days 6.5(0.3-9.5)],and showed similar or improved outcomes for functional recovery and PROMs compared to regular *** analyses for readmission presented a statistically significant difference in the enhanced recovery pathway in favor of knee arthroplasties(P=0.01).ERP were reported to be cost effective,and the cost reduction varied largely between studies(€109 and$20573).The overall outcomes of all studies reported

关键词： Hip arthroplasty Knee arthroplasty Joint arthroplasty Clinical pathway Enhanced recovery pathway Systematic review Meta-analysis

ULTRASTRUCTURE OF THE MARGINAL DIVISION IN THE RAT STRIATUM

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中华医学杂志(英文版) 1992年第2期105卷 102-109页

作者：舒斯云包新民 gm Peterson 510282 Guangzhou Department of Neurobiology Center of Neuromedicine Zhujiang Hospital Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology East Carolina University School of Medicine Greenville NC 27858-4354 U. S. A.

The discovery of a new subdivision in the striatumof the rat,the marginal division,has recently been *** marginal division is located at the caudalextent of the striatum,surrrounding the rostrolateralborder of the globus pallidus,and has different cellularmorphology,immunohistochemistry and an efferentprojection pattern from those of the main body of *** the present study,the ultrastructural or-ganization of the marginal division was *** neuronal somata in the marginal division werefusiform in shape and had a large pale oval nucleuswithout *** were four types of synapsesin the marginal division:axo-somatic,axo-dendritic,axo-spinous and *** symmetric andasymmetric synapses were observed on the somata,dendrites,or dendritic *** of the symmetricsynapses contained pleomorphic vesicles,whereas theasymmetric ones contained mainly round ***-dividual axo-axo-spinous synapses,which were firstdescribed in the striatum,were also observed in themarginal *** ultrastructural characteristicsdistinguish the marginal division from the rest of thestriatum.

关键词： NEOSTRIATUM GOLGI ORGANIZATION SYNAPSES NEURONS

Detection of colorectal adenomas using artificial intelligence models in patients with chronic hepatitis C

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World Journal of Hepatology 2023年第1期15卷 107-115页

作者： Yuvaraj Singh Maya Gogtay Anuroop Yekula Aakriti Soni Ajay Kumar Mishra Kartikeya Tripathi gm Abraham Department of Internal Medicine Saint Vincent HospitalWorcesterMA 01608United States Hospice and Palliative Medicine University of Texas Health-San AntonioSan AntonioTX 78201United States Division of Cardiology Saint Vincent HospitalWorcesterMA 01608United States Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology UMass Chan School-Baystate Medical CenterSpringfieldMA 01199United States Division of Infectious Disease Chief of MedicineSaint Vincent HospitalWorcesterMA 01608United States

BACKGROUND Hepatitis C virus is known for its oncogenic potential,especially in hepatocellular carcinoma and non-Hodgkin *** studies have shown that chronic hepatitis C(CHC)has an increased risk of the development of colorectal cancer(CRC).AIM To analyze this positive relationship and develop an artificial intelligence(AI)-based tool using machine learning(ML)algorithms to stratify these patient populations into risk groups for CRC/adenoma *** To develop the AI automated calculator,we applied ML to train models to predict the probability and the number of adenomas detected on *** sets were split into 70:30 ratios for training and internal *** Scikit-learn standard scaler was used to scale values of continuous *** findings were used as the gold standard and deep learning architecture was used to train six ML models for prediction.A Flask(customizable Python framework)application programming interface(API)was used to deploy the trained ML model with the highest accuracy as a web ***,Heroku was used for the deployment of the web-based API to https://*** Of 415 patients,206 had colonoscopy *** internal validation,the Bernoulli naive Bayes model predicted the probability of adenoma detection with the highest accuracy of 56%,precision of 55%,recall of 55%,and F1 measure of 54%.Support vector regressor predicted the number of adenomas with the least mean absolute error of *** Our AI-based tool can help providers stratify patients with CHC for early referral for screening *** with providing a numerical percentage,the calculator can also comment on the number of adenomatous polyps a gastroenterologist can expect,prompting a higher adenoma detection rate.

关键词： Machine learning Calculator Artificial intelligence Hepatitis C Screening

Influence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease on non-variceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding:A nationwide analysis

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World Journal of Hepatology 2023年第1期15卷 79-88页

作者： Aakriti Soni Anuroop Yekula Yuvaraj Singh Nitish Sood Dushyant Singh Dahiya Kannu Bansal gm Abraham Department of Internal Medicine Saint Vincent HospitalWorcesterMA 01608United States Department of Internal Medicine Medical College of GeorgiaAugusta UniversityAugustaGA 30912United States Department of Internal Medicine Central Michigan UniversitySaginawMI 48602United States

BACKGROUND Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)is the leading cause of liver disease globally with an estimated prevalence of 25%,with the clinical and economic burden expected to continue to *** the United States,non-variceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding(NVUGIB)has an estimated incidence of 61-78 cases per 100000 people with a mortality rate of 2%-15%based on co-morbidity *** To identify the outcomes of NVUGIB in NAFLD hospitalizations in the United *** We utilized the National Inpatient Sample from 2016-2019 to identify all NVUGIB hospitalizations in the United *** population was divided based on the presence and absence of *** characteristics,outcomes and complications were *** The total number of hospitalizations for NVUGIB was 799785,of which 6%were found to have *** and GIB was,on average,more common in younger patients,females,and Hispanics than GIB without ***,GIB was less common amongst blacks with *** logistic regression analysis was conducted,controlling for the multiple *** primary outcome of interest,mortality,was found to be significantly higher in patients with NAFLD and GIB[adjusted odds ratio(aOR)=1.018(1.013-1.022)].Secondary outcomes of interest,shock[aOR=1.015(1.008-1.022)],acute respiratory failure[aOR=1.01(1.005-1.015)]and acute liver failure[aOR=1.016(1.013-1.019)]were all more likely to occur in this *** with NAFLD were also more likely to incur higher total hospital charges(THC)[$2148($1677-$2618)];however,were less likely to have a longer length of stay[0.27 d(0.17-0.38)].Interestingly,in our study,the patients with NAFLD were less likely to suffer from acute myocardial infarction[aOR=0.992(0.989-0.995)].Patients with NAFLD were not more likely to suffer acute kidney injury,sepsis,blood transfusion,intubation,or *** NVUGIB in NAFLD hospitalizations had higher inpatient mortality,THC,and compli

关键词： Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease Non-variceal gastrointestinal bleeding Outcomes Mortality Complications

EFFECT OF PARTIAL PRESSURE ON SOLUBILITY OF ISOFLURANE IN BLOOD

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中华医学杂志(英文版) 1995年第9期108卷 27-30页

作者： gm Xie R Lauber AM Zbinden Institute for Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care University Hospital 3010 Bern Switzerland

The effect of partial pressure of isoflurane on its solubility in blood of different haematocrit was determined at different isoflurane partial pressures, using a syringe-flask method and gas chromatography with Mood from one donor. The silnbrany of isoflurane decreased with increasing blood haematocrit (39.5%, 51.9% and 61.9%) and isoflurane partial pressve from 1 MAC to 4 MAC. The solubility in 50% and 60% haematocrit blood at 2, 3 and 4 MAC was significantly different from the solubility in normal blood at 1 MAC (P<0.05). We conclude that the solution of isoflurane in blood (especially in high haematocrit blood) does not obey Henry’s law.

关键词： MAC EFFECT OF PARTIAL PRESSURE ON SOLUBILITY OF ISOFLURANE IN BLOOD In high than