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Space-resolved vacuum-ultraviolet spectroscopy for measuring impurity emission from divertor region of EAST tokamak

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Plasma Science and Technology 2022年第6期24卷 14-22页

作者： Liang HE Yongcai SHEN Hongming ZHANG Bo LYU cheonho bae Huajian JI Chaoyang LI Jia FU Xuewei DU Fudi WANG Qiuping WANG Xianghui YIN Shunkuan WAN Bin BIN Yichao LI Shuyu DAI Institute of Plasma Physics HFIPSChinese Academy of SciencesHefei 230031People's Republic of China University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026People's Republic of China School of Physics and Materials Engineering Hefei Normal UniversityHefei 230601People's Republic of China Institute of Energy Comprehensive National Science CenterHefei 230026People's Republic of China School of Electrical Engineering University of South of ChinaHengyang 420001People's Republic of China Anhui Spectreation Instrument Co.Ltd Hefei 230088People's Republic of China National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230029People's Republic of China School of Physics Dalian University of TechnologyDalian 116024People's Republic of China

The measurement of impurity distribution in the divertor region of tokamaks is key to studying edge impurity ***,a space-resolved vacuum-ultraviolet(VUV)spectrometer is designed to measure impurity emission in the divertor region on *** good spectral resolution,an eagle-type VUV spectrometer with 1 m long focal length with spherical holograph grating is used in the *** light collection,a collimating mirror is installed between the EAST plasma and the VUV spectrometer to extend the observing range to cover the upper divertor *** types of detectors,i.e.a back-illuminated charge-coupled device detector and a photomultiplier-tube detector,are adopted for the spectral measurement and high-frequency intensity measurement for feedback control,*** angle between the entrance and exit optical axis is fixed at 15°.The detector can be moved along the exit axis to maintain a good focusing position when the wavelength is scanned by rotating the *** profile of impurity emissions is projected through the space-resolved slit,which is set *** spectrometer is equipped with two gratings with 2400 grooves/mm and2160 grooves/mm,*** overall aberration of the system is reduced by accurate detector *** a result,the total spectral broadening can be reduced to about 0.013 *** simulated performance of the system is found to satisfy the requirement of measurement of impurity emissions from the divertor area of the EAST tokamak.

关键词： impurity measurement vacuum-ultraviolet spectrometer EAST divertor

Inversion techniques to obtain local rotation velocity and ion temperature profiles for the x-ray crystal spectrometer on EAST

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Plasma Science and Technology 2023年第9期25卷 26-33页

作者：林子超张洪明王福地 cheonho bae 符佳金仡飞卢迪安傅盛宇李建康吕波 Institute of Plasma Physics HFIPSChinese Academy of SciencesHefei 230031People’s Republic of China Science Island Branch Graduate School of University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026People’s Republic of China School of Nuclear Science and Technology University of South ChinaHengyang 421001People’s Republic of China

Inversion techniques are conducted based on the tangential x-ray crystal spectroscopy(TXCS)geometry on EAST to obtain the local profiles of ion temperature(Ti)and toroidal rotation velocity(vt).Firstly,local emissivity profiles of the impurity argon are obtained using the asymmetrical Abel ***,the local vt and Ti profiles are calculated by considering the local emissivity profiles and the TXCS detailed *** addition,how the changes in the vt profiles affect the accuracy in the Ti profiles is discussed in *** is also found that the lineintegrated Ti profiles are becoming less accurate with the increase in the radial gradient in the local vt ***,accurate Ti radial profiles are reconstructed after considering the effects of the emissivity and velocity,which are verified by comparing the inverted vt and Ti profiles with those local profile measurements from the Charge eXchange Recombination Spectroscopy(CXRS)on EAST.

关键词： plasma toroidal rotation ion temperature x-ray crystal spectroscopy Abel inversion

Development of an upgraded motional Stark effect diagnostic system on EAST tokamak

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Plasma Science and Technology 2023年第4期25卷 5-10页

作者：李义超符佳黄耀钱金平提昂 cheonho bae 傅盛宇李建康顾永奇罗正平 Jinseok KO 魏永清刘冬梅肖炳甲吕波龚先祖万宝年 Institute of Plasma Physics Hefei Institutes of Physical ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesHefei 230031People’s Republic of China University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026People’s Republic of China Korea Institute of Fusion Energy Daejeon 34133Republic of Korea University of Science and Technology Daejeon 34113Republic of Korea School of Instrument Science and Opto-electronics Engineering Hefei University of TechnologyHefei 230009People’s Republic of China School of Electrical and Automation Engineering Hefei University of TechnologyHefei 230009People’s Republic of China

A new multi-channel motional Stark effect(MSE)diagnostic system has been developed on the upgraded EAST tokamak,which was installed on the port C to observe a tangential neutral beam.A telecentric imaging lens was deployed to ensure uniform illumination from the core to the boundary.A square fiber head which contained 23 fiber bundles was mounted to this imaging lens;each fiber bundle contained 19 fibers and two of them were assigned to CXRS and BES spectrometer,*** angle tuning method was used for matching the Doppler shift of theσcomponent’s wavelength which was caused by the beam *** the present stage,the MSE system only contains ten channels that would be extended to 23 channels in the future,covering a measurement range from R=1.8 to R=2.27 m with a temporal resolution of 10 ms and a spatial resolution of3 *** polarization angle-constrained q profiles and current density profiles were reconstructed with EFIT equilibrium *** the sawtooth discharges,the q=1 surface position was validated by the ECE signals,which further verified the rationality of the MSE measurement.

关键词： motional Stark effect inclined fiber array q profile telecentric lens

Thermodynamic model for deoxidation of liquid steel considering strong metal-oxygen interaction in the quasichemical model framework

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2024年第5期31卷 988-1002页

作者： Yong-Min Cho Youn-bae Kang Graduate Institute of Ferrous and Eco Materials Technology Pohang University of Science and TechnologyPohangKyungbuk37673Rep.of Korea N.EX.T Hub POSCO HoldingsPohangKyungbuk37673Rep.of Korea Department of Materials Science and Engineering Pohang University of Science and TechnologyPohangKyungbuk37673Rep.of Korea

Herein,a thermodynamic model aimed at describing deoxidation equilibria in liquid steel was *** model provides explicit forms of the activity coefficient of solutes in liquid steel,eliminating the need for the minimization of internal Gibbs energy preliminarily when solving deoxidation *** elimination of internal Gibbs energy minimization is particularly advantageous during the coupling of deoxidation equilibrium calculations with computationally intensive approaches,such as computational fluid *** model enables efficient calculations through direct embedment of the explicit forms of activity coefficient in the computing *** proposed thermodynamic model was developed using a quasichemical approach with two key approximations:random mixing of metallic elements(Fe and oxidizing metal) and strong nonrandom pairing of metal and oxygen as nearest *** these approximations,the quasichemical approach yielded the activity coefficients of solutes as explicit functions of composition and temperature without requiring the minimization of internal Gibbs energy or the coupling of separate *** model was successfully applied in the calculation of deoxidation equilibria of various elements(Al,B,C,Ca,Ce,Cr,La,Mg,Mn,Nb,Si,Ti,V,and Zr).The limitations of the model arising from these assumptions were also discussed.

关键词： deoxidation equilibria thermodynamics quasichemical approach computational fluid dynamics

Classification and technical target of water electrolysis for hydrogen production

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第8期95卷 554-576,I0012页

作者： Kahyun Ham Sooan bae Jaeyoung Lee Ertl Center for Electrochemistry and Catalysis Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology(GIST)123 Cheomdangwagi-RoBuk-guGwangju 61005South Korea Department of Heterogeneous Reactions Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy ConversionStiftstr.34-36Mülheim an der RuhrGermany School of Earth Sciences and Environmental Engineering GIST123 CheomdangwagiroBuk-guGwangju 61005South Korea International Future Research Center of Chemical Energy Storage and Conversion Processes GIST123 CheomdangwagiroBuk-guGwangju 61005South Korea eSuS Co. Ltd.#408S6 BuildingSchool of Environment and Energy EngineeringGIST123 CheomdangwagiroBuk-guGwangju 61005South Korea

Continuous efforts are underway to reduce carbon emissions worldwide in response to global climate *** electrolysis technology,in conjunction with renewable energy,is considered the most feasible hydrogen production technology based on the viable possibility of large-scale hydrogen production and the zero-carbon-emission nature of the ***,for hydrogen produced via water electrolysis systems to be utilized in various fields in practice,the unit cost of hydrogen production must be reduced to$1/kg H_(2).To achieve this unit cost,technical targets for water electrolysis have been suggested regarding components in the *** this paper,the types of water electrolysis systems and the limitations of water electrolysis system components are *** suggest guideline with recent trend for achieving this technical target and insights for the potential utilization of water electrolysis technology.

关键词： Water electrolysis Hydrogen production Technical target Electrochemistry

Novel Perovskite Oxide Hybrid Nanofibers Embedded with Nanocatalysts for Highly Efficient and Durable Electrodes in Direct CO_(2) Electrolysis

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第5期16卷 214-230页

作者： Akromjon Akhmadjonov Kyung Taek bae Kang Taek Lee Department of Mechanical Engineering KAISTDaejeon 34141Republic of Korea KAIST Graduate School of Green Growth and Sustainability Daejeon 34141Republic of Korea

The unique characteristics of nanofibers in rational electrode design enable effec-tive utilization and maximizing material properties for achieving highly efficient and sustainable CO_(2) reduction reactions( CO_(2)RRs)in solid oxide elec-trolysis cells(SOECs).However,practical appli-cation of nanofiber-based electrodes faces chal-lenges in establishing sufficient interfacial contact and adhesion with the dense *** tackle this challenge,a novel hybrid nanofiber electrode,La_(0.6)Sr_(0.4)Co_(0.15)Fe_(0.8)Pd_(0.05)O_(3-δ)(H-LSCFP),is developed by strategically incorporating low aspect ratio crushed LSCFP nanofibers into the excess porous interspace of a high aspect ratio LSCFP nanofiber framework synthesized via electrospinning *** consecutive treatment in 100% H_(2) and CO_(2) at 700°C,LSCFP nanofibers form a perovskite phase with in situ exsolved Co metal nanocatalysts and a high concentration of oxygen species on the surface,enhancing CO_(2) *** SOEC with the H-LSCFP electrode yielded an outstanding current density of 2.2 A cm^(-2) in CO_(2) at 800°C and 1.5 V,setting a new benchmark among reported nanofiber-based *** twinning of the H-LSCFP reveals improved contact adhesion and increased reaction sites for CO_(2)*** present work demonstrates a highly catalytically active and robust nanofiber-based fuel electrode with a hybrid structure,paving the way for further advancements and nanofiber applications in CO_(2)-SOECs.

关键词： Nanofibers Fuel electrodes Digital twinning CO_(2)reduction reaction Solid oxide electrolysis cells

Negative Stiffness Mechanism on An Asymmetric Wave Energy Converter by Using A Weakly Nonlinear Potential Model

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China Ocean Engineering 2024年第4期38卷 689-700页

作者： Sunny Kumar POGULURI Dongeun KIM Yoon Hyeok bae Department of Ocean Engineering IIT MadrasChennaiIndia Multidisciplinary Graduate School Program for Wind Energy Jeju National UniversityJejuRepublic of Korea Mechanical and System Design Engineering Hongik UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea

Salter's duck,an asymmetrical wave energy converter(WEC)device,showed high efficiency in extracting energy from 2D regular waves in the past;yet,challenges remain for fluctuating wave *** can potentially be addressed by adopting a negative stiffness mechanism(NSM)in WEC devices to enhance system efficiency,even in highly nonlinear and steep 3D waves.A weakly nonlinear model was developed which incorporated a nonlinear restoring moment and NSM into the linear formulations and was applied to an asymmetric WEC using a time domain potential flow *** model was initially validated by comparing it with published experimental and numerical computational fluid dynamics *** current results were in good agreement with the published *** was found that the energy extraction increased in the range of 6%to 17%during the evaluation of the effectiveness of the NSM in regular *** irregular wave conditions,specifically at the design wave conditions for the selected test site,the energy extraction increased by 2.4%,with annual energy production increments of approximately *** findings highlight the potential of NSM in enhancing the performance of asymmetric WEC devices,indicating more efficient energy extraction under various wave conditions.

关键词： asymmetric wave energy converter negative stiffness mechanism weakly nonlinear potential flow power

Prognostic impact of preoperative nutritional and immune inflammatory parameters on liver cancer

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2024年第2期16卷 266-269页

作者： Sung Uk bae Department of Surgery School of MedicineDongsan Medical CenterKeimyung UniversityDaegu KS002South Korea

The immune response to tissue damage or infection involves inflammation,a multifaceted biological process distinguished by immune cell activation,mediator secretion,and immune cell recruitment to the site of *** blood-based immune-inflammatory biomarkers with prognostic significance in malignancies have been *** this issue of the World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery,they examined the prognosis of liver cancer radical resection in relation to pre-operative systemic immune-inflammation and nutritional risk *** older and younger individuals often reveals compromised nutritional and immu-nological statuses in the ***,performing preoperative evaluations of the nutritional status and immunity in geriatric patients is *** addition to being a primary treatment modality,radical resection is associated with a sig-nificant mortality rate following *** dietary consump-tion and an elevated metabolic rate within tumor cells contribute to the increased proba-bility of malnutrition associated with the ailment,consequently leading to a sub-stantial deterioration in *** studies,reinforce the importance of nu-tritional and immune-inflammatory *** to surgical intervention,geriatric nutritional risk and systemic immune-inflammatory indices should be prioritized,particularly in older patients with malignant diseases.

关键词： Systemic immune inflammation index Nutritional risk index Radical resection Liver cancer Prognosis Correlation

CD200Rhigghh neutrophils with dysfunctional autophagy establish systemic immunosuppression by increasing regulatory T cells

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2024年第4期21卷 349-361页

作者： Ye Seon Kim Yu Sun Jeong Geon Ho bae Ji Hyeon Kang Mingyu Lee Brian A.Zabel Yoe-Sik bae Department of Biological Sciences Sungkyunkwan UniversitySuwon16419Republic of Korea Department of Health Science and Technology SAIHSTSungkyunkwan UniversitySeoul06351Republic of Korea Palo Alto Veterans Institute for Research Veterans Affairs HospitalPalo AltoCA94304USA

Distinct neutrophil populations arise during certain pathological *** generation of dysfunctional neutrophils during sepsis and their contribution to septicemia-related systemic immune suppression remain *** this study,using an experimental sepsis model that features immunosuppression,we identified a novel population of pathogenic CD200R^(high) neutrophils that are generated during the initial stages of sepsis and contribute to systemic immune suppression by enhancing regulatory T(T_(reg))*** to their CD200R^(low)counterparts,sepsis-generated CD200Rhigh neutrophils exhibit impaired autophagy and dysfunction,with reduced chemotactic migration,superoxide anion production,and TNF-α*** soluble CD200 blocks autophagy and neutrophil maturation in the bone marrow during experimental sepsis,and recombinant CD200 treatment in vitro can induce neutrophil dysfunction similar to that observed in CD200R^(high) *** administration of anα-CD200R antibody effectively reversed neutrophil dysfunction by enhancing autophagy and protecting against a secondary infection challenge,leading to increased *** analysis revealed that CD200R^(high) neutrophils expressed high levels of Igf1,which elicits the generation of Treg cells,while the administration of anα-CD200R antibody inhibited Treg cell generation in a secondary infection *** together,our findings revealed a novel CD200R^(high) neutrophil population that mediates the pathogenesis of sepsis-induced systemic immunosuppression by generating Treg cells.

关键词： Sepsis Neutrophils CD200R Autophagy IGF-1 Regulatory T cells