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Bioassay: A useful tool for evaluating reclaimed water safety

Journal of Environmental Sciences 2020年第2期32卷 165-176页

作者： Jianying Xu Dongbin Wei Feipeng Wang chenzhong bai Yuguo Du State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China College of Resource Environment and Tourism Capital Normal UniversityBeijing 100048China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Wastewater reclamation and reuse has been proved to be an effective way to relieve the fresh water crisis.However, toxic contaminants remaining in reclaimed water could lead to potential risk for reuse, and the conventional water quality standards have difficulty guaranteeing the safety of reclaimed water.Bioassays can vividly reflect the integrated biological effects of multiple toxic substances in water as a whole, and could be a powerful tool for evaluating the safety of reclaimed water.Therefore, in this study, the advantages and disadvantages of using bioassays for evaluating the safety of reclaimed water were compared with those of conventional water quality standards.Although bioassays have been widely used to describe the toxic effects of reclaimed water and treatment efficiency of reclamation techniques, a single bioassay cannot reflect the complex toxicity of reclaimed water, and a battery of bioassays involving multiple biological effects or in vitro tests with specific toxicity mechanisms would be recommended.Furthermore, in order to evaluate the safety of reclaimed water based on bioassay results, various methods including potential toxicology, the toxicity unit classification system, and a potential eco-toxic effects probe are summarized as well.Especially, some integrated ranking methods based on a bioassay battery involving multiple toxicity effects are recommended as useful tools for evaluating the safety of reclaimed water, which will benefit the promotion and guarantee the rapid development of the reclamation and reuse of wastewater.

关键词： Reclaimed water Water quality Safety evaluation Toxicity Bioassay

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砜吡草唑·噻吩磺隆对大豆-玉米间作田杂草防效及安全性

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农药 2024年第1期63卷 73-78页

作者：柏振东李皓柏浩东万远会刘娜刘都才李祖任金晨钟湖南人文科技学院杂草生物学及安全防控湖南省重点实验室湖南娄底417000 湖南省农业科学院杂草生物学及安全防控湖南省重点实验室长沙410125

[目的]明确砜吡草唑·噻吩磺隆复配剂对大豆-玉米间作田杂草的防除效果及对大豆、玉米的安全性。[方法]采用Gowing法评价砜吡草唑和噻吩磺隆复配后对稗草的联合作用,并提出最佳配比。采用室内生物测定法和田间小区试验评价其除草活性及... 详细信息

[目的]明确砜吡草唑·噻吩磺隆复配剂对大豆-玉米间作田杂草的防除效果及对大豆、玉米的安全性。[方法]采用Gowing法评价砜吡草唑和噻吩磺隆复配后对稗草的联合作用,并提出最佳配比。采用室内生物测定法和田间小区试验评价其除草活性及安全性。[结果]联合作用评价试验表明砜吡草唑+噻吩磺隆的最佳复配有效成分用量为150+22.5 g a.i./hm^(2)。室内生物测定试验表明:150+22.5 g a.i./hm^(2)时砜吡草唑·噻吩磺隆复配剂药后15 d对稗草及反枝苋的鲜质量抑制率分别为97.56%、100%,且对大豆、玉米株高和鲜质量无明显抑制。田间试验结果表明:在有效成分用量为150+22.5 g a.i./hm^(2)施药后60 d,对田间禾本科杂草和阔叶类杂草的鲜质量防效均在90%以上,通过目测观察对大豆、玉米幼苗生长发育无不良影响。[结论]砜吡草唑·噻吩磺隆复配剂能够有效防除大豆-玉米间作田一年生杂草,并对大豆、玉米生长无影响。筛选出一种一次性封闭控草方案,以期为有效解决大豆-玉米间作田草害问题。

关键词：大豆-玉米间作除草剂复配砜吡草唑噻吩磺隆除草活性安全性

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环境水体中9种内分泌干扰物的同时高效富集方法

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环境化学 2016年第4期35卷 680-687页

作者：白陈仲魏东斌杜宇国郭逍宇首都师范大学资源环境与旅游学院北京100048 中国科学院生态环境研究中心北京100085

本文以双酚A、雌酮、17β-雌二醇、雌三醇、炔雌醇、辛基酚、壬基酚、邻苯二甲酸二丁酯、邻苯二甲酸二(2-乙基己基)酯等环境水体中检出频率高的9种内分泌干扰物为研究对象,从目标污染物的结构特征出发,考察了不同萃取剂对目标污染物的... 详细信息

本文以双酚A、雌酮、17β-雌二醇、雌三醇、炔雌醇、辛基酚、壬基酚、邻苯二甲酸二丁酯、邻苯二甲酸二(2-乙基己基)酯等环境水体中检出频率高的9种内分泌干扰物为研究对象,从目标污染物的结构特征出发,考察了不同萃取剂对目标污染物的吸附特征,筛选出性能互补的两种萃取剂C18和NAX进行组合,实现了对目标污染物的高效富集.同时,通过比较多种洗脱剂对目标污染物的洗脱效率,确定乙腈为洗脱剂.在此基础上,为评价本方法对目标污染物的浓缩富集效果,建立了9种污染物的液相色谱-质谱检测方法,标准曲线线性关系良好,线性决定系数大于0.9983,线性范围为0.01—8 mg·L-1.9种目标物在不同水体的加标回收率范围为71.6%—108.5%,相对偏差为1.2%—6.3%.本文所建立的浓缩富集方法操作简单,成本低,回收率高,适合于不同水体基质中9种内分泌干扰物的定性及定量分析.

关键词：内分泌干扰物环境水体固相萃取液质联用

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Effects of Polygonatum sibiricum Polysaccharide (PSP) on Inflammatory Factors in Rats Fed on High-fat Diet

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Agricultural Biotechnology 2023年第4期12卷 8-11页

作者： Mingzhe SU Mingjun LI Lingli bai chenzhong JIN Yihong HU Yan WANG Collaborative Innovation Center of Weed Control Technology and Application in Farmland of Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control of Crop Pest in Hunan Higher EducationHunan University of HumanitiesScience and TechnologyLoudi 417000China

[Objectives]This study was conducted to explore the effects of Polygonatum sibiricum polysaccharide(PSP)on chronic intestinal inflammation caused by high-fat diet.[Methods]Thirty five male healthy SD rats were randomly divided into a normal control group(NC,normal diet,n=10)and a high-fat diet group(HF,high-fat diet,n=25).After 8 weeks,an obesity model was established.The HF group was randomly divided into an HF group and a PSP treatment group[PSP,300 mg/(kg·d)].After 6 weeks of intervention with PSP,rat serum was collected,and the spleen and thymus were stripped,and weighed.Serum IgG,IgM,LPS and IL-1βand IL-6 contents were detected by ELISA,and HE staining was adopted to observe the pathological changes of the colon tissue.[Results]PSP reduced the level of LPS caused by high-fat diet and the levels of inflammatory factors IL-6 and TNF-α,increased the indexes of the thymus and spleen serving as immune organs,increased IgG and IgM contents,and alleviated pathological damage to the colon tissue caused by high-fat diet.[Conclusions]This study provides a theoretical basis and experimental basis for the development of drugs for treating metabolic diseases such as obesity and inflammation.

关键词： PSP High-fat diet Obesity SD rats

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Effects of Polygonatum odoratum Polysaccharide on Reproductive Hormones in Male Rats Fed a High-fat Diet

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Agricultural Biotechnology 2023年第2期12卷 54-58页

作者： Yixin YAN Gang ZHANG Lingli bai Xin TANG Mengjun YUAN Yihong HU Yan WANG chenzhong JIN Key Laboratory of Sustainable and Environment-Friendly Agricultural Pest Management Hunan University of HumanitiesScience and TechnologyLoudi 417000China Collaborative Innovation Center of Weed Control Technology and Application in Farmland of Hunan Province Loudi 417000China

[Objectives]This study was conducted to investigate the effects of Polygonatum odoratum polysaccharide(POP)on organ relative weights and reproductive hormone levels in male rats fed a high-fat diet.[Methods]Thirty healthy male Sprague-Dawley(SD)rats were randomly divided into two groups according to their body weight:10 in normal control group(Group NC,n=10)and 20 in experimental group(n=20).The rats in experimental group were fed a high-fat diet for eight weeks before they were further randomly divided into two groups:high fat group(Group HF)and high fat+400 mg/(kg·d)POP group(Group HF+POP).In Group HF+POP,the rats were administered with POP for another six weeks,before their blood plasma was collected,and the relative weights of their testis and epididymis were calculated.The plasma levels of testosterone(T),estrogen(E2),follicle-stimulating hormone(FSH),cortisol(C)and luteinizing hormone(LH)were measured by radioimmunoassay,and the plasma levels of sex hormone-binding globulin(SHBG)and insulin-like growth factor-1(IGF-1)were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.[Results]Compared with Group HF,POP could effectively inhibit rat obesity caused by high-fat diets,increase the relative weights of their testis and epididymis,plasma levels of LH,E2,FSH,T,SHBG and IGF-1,and reduce the plasma level of E2.[Conclusions]Polygonatum odoratum polysaccharide(POP)is able to effectively regulate the level of reproductive hormones in high-fat diet fed rats,and helps to protect their reproductive function.

关键词： Polygonatum odoratum polysaccharide High-fat diet Reproductive hormones Obesity SD rats

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Target Resistance of Eleusine indica to Glyphosate

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Agricultural Biotechnology 2022年第6期11卷 22-24页

作者： Tao ZHANG Siquan LUO Lingli bai Hongyuan KUANG chenzhong JIN Yanhui WANG Jingbo LI Bin SUN Zijuan DING Hunan University of Humanities Science and TechnologyLoudi 417000China Collaborative Innovation Center of Farmland Weed Control Technology and Application Loudi 417000China Plant Protection Research Institute Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Guangxi Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Diseases and Insect PestsNanning 530007China

[Objectives]This study was conducted to detect the evolution of resistance to glyphosate in Eleusine indica.[Methods]In the previous study,glyphosate-resistant population T2-4 was screened out from E.indica populations in sugarcane fields in Guangxi.In this study,we determined the resistance index of T2-4 by whole plant bioactivity assay and further explored the molecular biological mechanism of resistance.[Results]The resistance index of T2-4 was 112,and it is thus a highly resistant population.Amino acid mutations were found at positions 102,106 and 381 in the EPSPS sequence of T2-4,containing at least a triple mutation allele in Thr-102-Ile,Pro-106-Ser and Pro-381-Leu and a double mutation allele in Pro-106-Ser and Pro-381-Leu.qPCR was used to determine the EPSPS gene copy number and expression in resistant plants of T2-4.EPSPS gene copy number and expression both increased,with 8.3-fold higher copy number and 2.7-fold higher expression than the sensitive population.Therefore,the resistance of T2-4 to glyphosate was mainly caused by multiple target mechanisms including mutation of EPSPS gene,copy number increase and expression increase,and the resistance of E.indica to glyphosate needs our high attention.[Conclusions]At present,the level of resistance to glyphosate is very high in the sugarcane fields of Guangxi,and it is necessary to take a variety of weed control measures to solve the problem of glyphosate resistance.

关键词： Target resistance EPSPS gene Gene copy number Gene expression

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PBL教学法在植物生产类专业课程教学中的应用

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安徽农学通报 2022年第10期28卷 165-167页

作者：谭显胜马银花白婧金晨钟湖南人文科技学院农业与生物技术学院湖南娄底417000 农田杂草防控技术与应用协同创新中心湖南娄底417000

PBL教学法是以问题为导向的一种教学方法,其核心是“以学生为中心,以问题为基础”的教育方式,其重点是培养学生的自主学习能力和创新能力。该文介绍了PBL教学法在植物生产类专业的应用现状,结合实际重点分析了其在植物生产类专业教学中... 详细信息

PBL教学法是以问题为导向的一种教学方法,其核心是“以学生为中心,以问题为基础”的教育方式,其重点是培养学生的自主学习能力和创新能力。该文介绍了PBL教学法在植物生产类专业的应用现状,结合实际重点分析了其在植物生产类专业教学中的应用路径,为PBL教学法在植物保护、园艺和农学等植物生产类专业中的应用提供参考。

关键词： PBL教学法植物生产类教学改革

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6个不同水稻品种对异丙甲草胺的敏感性差异

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植物保护 2015年第2期41卷 176-180页

作者：赵建胡谢馨刘晴柏连阳金晨钟李静波湖南人文科技学院娄底417000 湖南农业大学长沙410128 湖南省农业科学院长沙410125

为探究水稻对异丙甲草胺的敏感性,选育耐药性品种及为异丙甲草胺水田安全应用提供理论依据,用琼脂培养法室内测定了‘T优15’、‘株712s’、‘深两优5814’、‘T优227’、‘湘丰优9号’、‘丰源优272’等6个水稻品种对异丙甲草胺的敏感... 详细信息

为探究水稻对异丙甲草胺的敏感性,选育耐药性品种及为异丙甲草胺水田安全应用提供理论依据,用琼脂培养法室内测定了‘T优15’、‘株712s’、‘深两优5814’、‘T优227’、‘湘丰优9号’、‘丰源优272’等6个水稻品种对异丙甲草胺的敏感性。结果表明,异丙甲草胺对水稻发芽、苗与根的生长均有较强的抑制作用,异丙甲草胺浓度越高抑制作用越大。并且根比苗更为敏感,在异丙甲草胺浓度为0.05mg/L时,6个品种根长抑制率分别为38.7%、34.2%、28.4%、16.1%、16.4%、25.1%,苗高抑制率分别为7.6%、6.3%、8.2%、8.9%、18.3%、5.5%。6个水稻品种中,‘丰源优272’对异丙甲草胺耐受性最高,异丙甲草胺对其苗高、苗重、根长、根重的IC50分别为0.958 9、1.867 4、1.093 9、3.968 2mg/L。

关键词：水稻异丙甲草胺敏感性

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油茶炭疽病生物防治研究进展

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现代农业科技 2021年第22期 87-90页

作者：郝亚伦唐剑泉柏浩东郭军金晨钟郭开发湖南人文科技学院/农作物有害生物绿色防控重点实验室湖南娄底417000

油茶炭疽病作为油茶林的主要病害,发生普遍且危害严重,已成为制约我国油茶产业健康发展的重要因素之一。笔者从拮抗微生物、植物及植物提取物和诱导植物抗性等方面综述了油茶炭疽病的生物防治研究进展,总结了存在的问题,提出了展望,以... 详细信息

油茶炭疽病作为油茶林的主要病害,发生普遍且危害严重,已成为制约我国油茶产业健康发展的重要因素之一。笔者从拮抗微生物、植物及植物提取物和诱导植物抗性等方面综述了油茶炭疽病的生物防治研究进展,总结了存在的问题,提出了展望,以期为油茶炭疽病的无公害防治提供参考,从而促进油茶产业的绿色可持续发展。

关键词：油茶炭疽病生物防治问题展望

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An Implantation and Detection System for Spectroscopy of 22,24Si

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原子核物理评论 2016年第2期33卷 230-234页

作者：孙立杰徐新星林承键王建松方德清李智焕王玉廷李晶杨磊马南茹王康臧宏亮王宏伟李琛施晨钟聂茂武李秀芳李贺马军兵马朋金仕纶黄美容白真王建国杨峰贾会明张焕乔刘祖华包鹏飞王东玺吴振东杨彦云陈志强苏俊谌阳平周远杰马维虎陈杰 China Institute of Atomic Energy Beijing 102413 China Institute of Modern Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou 730000 China Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 201800 China School of Physic and State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology Peking University Beijing 100871 China

A new decay detection system with high detection efficiency and low detection threshold has been developed for charged-particle decay studies, including β-delayed proton, α decay or direct proton emission from proton-rich nuclei. The detection system was tested by using the β-delayed proton emitter ^(24)Si and was commissioned in the decay study of ^(22)Si produced by projectile fragmentation at the First Radioactive Ion Beam Line in Lanzhou. Under a continuous-beam mode, the isotopes of interest were implanted into two double-sided silicon strip detectors, where the subsequent decays were measured and correlated to the preceding implantations by using position and time information. The system allows to measure protons with energies down to about 200 ke V without obvious β background in the proton spectrum. Further application of the detection system can be extended to the measurements of β-delayed proton decay and the direct proton emission of other exotic proton-rich nuclei.

关键词： β-delayed proton decay direct proton decay double-sided silicon strip detector continuousbeam mode implantation-decay correlation

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