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Spatial identification and evaluation of rural vitality from a function-element-flow perspective: Evidence of Lin'an district in Hangzhou, China

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 2024年第6期34卷 1228-1250页

作者： ZHANG Jing GUAN chenyue ZHANG Lin YU Zhoulu YE Chengxuan ZHU Congmou LI Sinan wang Ke GAN Muye Institute of Applied Remote Sensing and Information Technology College of Environmental and Resource SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China Zhejiang Key Research Laboratory of Agricultural Remote Sensing and Information Technology Hangzhou 310058China Shandong(Linyi)Institute of Modern Agriculture Linyi 276000ShandongChina Huzhou Spatial Planning Preparation and Research Center Huzhou 313000ZhejiangChina Zhejiang Digital Governance Space Planning and Design Co. Ltd.Hangzhou 310000China Department of Land Resources Management Zhejiang Gongshang UniversityHangzhou 310018China

Rural vitality is the life force expressed by a combination of endogenous dynamics and external influences. Exploring the complex relationship between rural functions, elements and flows could achieve sustainable rural development. This study constructed a theoretical framework guided by the four functions of production, living, ecology and culture with the support of mobile big data. Furthermore, the network centrality of villages was estimated to reflect the intensity of urban-rural social mobility ties. The results indicated marked spatial disparities in rural vitality, and the coupling of ecological-cultural vitality has a high degree of coherence. Four rural vitality grades were identified: high level(38, 14.08%), medium-high level(66, 24.44%), medium-low level(110, 40.74%) and low level(56, 20.74%), covering 270 administrative village units. The flow intensity of social linkage elements is consistent with rural vitality and the socioeconomic spillover effect of urban centers on neighboring villages was noticeable. Topographic complexity negatively affected the living function, mainly in the T1 and T2 terrain gradients;the rural ecological function was not fully correlated with urban adjacency, and proximity could lead to adverse effects such as urban sprawl and resource destruction. The application of this study is to explore the importance of “flow” by utilizing mobile big data to refine the evaluation unit to the village scale. Accelerating the construction of network coverage and information interconnection and promoting the elemental flow of people, transportation and information between urban and rural areas are important ways to enhance rural vitality.

关键词： rural vitality rural multifunction elements urban-rural flows mobile big data

PtNi-W/C with Atomically Dispersed Tungsten Sites Toward Boosted ORR in Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell Devices

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Nano-Micro Letters 2023年第9期15卷 238-256页

作者： Huawei wang Jialong Gao Changli Chen Wei Zhao Zihou Zhang Dong Li Ying Chen chenyue wang Cheng Zhu Xiaoxing Ke Jiajing Pei Juncai Dong Qi Chen Haibo Jin Maorong Chai Yujing Li Beijing Key Laboratory of Construction Tailorable Advanced Functional Materials and Green Applications School of Materials Science and EngineeringBeijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081People’s Republic of China State Power Investment Corporation Hydrogen Energy Company LimitedBeijing 102209People’s Republic of China Faculty of Materials and Manufacturing Beijing University of TechnologyBeijing 100124People’s Republic of China Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility Institute of High Energy PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049People’s Republic of China

The performance of proton exchange membrane fuel cells is heavily dependent on the microstructure of electrode catalyst especially at low catalyst loadings.This work shows a hybrid electrocatalyst consisting of PtNi-W alloy nanocrystals loaded on carbon surface with atomically dispersed W sites by a two-step straightforward method.Single-atomic W can be found on the carbon surface,which can form protonic acid sites and establish an extended proton transport network at the catalyst surface.When implemented in membrane electrode assembly as cathode at ultra-low loading of 0.05 mgPt cm^(−2),the peak power density of the cell is enhanced by 64.4%compared to that with the commercial Pt/C catalyst.The theoretical calculation suggests that the single-atomic W possesses a favorable energetics toward the formation of*OOH whereby the intermediates can be efficiently converted and further reduced to water,revealing a interfacial cascade catalysis facilitated by the single-atomic W.This work highlights a novel functional hybrid electrocatalyst design from the atomic level that enables to solve the bottle-neck issues at device level.

关键词： Fuel cells Membrane electrode assembly PGM catalyst Synergistic catalysis Oxygen reduction

汲取与包容性治理视角下的土地发展权转移与乡村发展

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南方建筑 2024年第1期 1-10页

作者：王晨跃田莉王雨清华大学建筑学院自然资源部智慧人居环境与空间规划治理技术创新中心

土地发展权转移是通过土地增值收益的再分配来推动乡村发展的重要政策。然而,地方政府对该政策的实施呈现出不同的结果。从汲取与包容性治理视角出发,采用案例比较法,分别以德州与成都为典型案例,分析不同地方治理路径下发展权转移对乡... 详细信息

土地发展权转移是通过土地增值收益的再分配来推动乡村发展的重要政策。然而,地方政府对该政策的实施呈现出不同的结果。从汲取与包容性治理视角出发,采用案例比较法,分别以德州与成都为典型案例,分析不同地方治理路径下发展权转移对乡村发展的差异化影响。在汲取性管制路径下,地方政府以土地财政为导向,主导发展权转移并垄断了土地交易,指标进城却并未引入资本下乡,最终造成农民权益受损。而在包容性治理路径下,地方政府以统筹城乡发展为导向,发挥村民的自主性,明晰产权、搭建交易平台并维护市场运行,乡村凭借土地资源撬动城市资本下乡,并通过市场机制推动土地增值收益的多主体共享。以土地发展权转移助推乡村发展,更应注重治理路径选择,推进集体建设用地全面确权,并建立市场化交易机制显化土地发展权。

关键词：集体建设用地土地发展权转移汲取与包容性制度

Highly Efficient and Stable FAPbI_(3) Perovskite Solar Cells and Modules Based on Exposure of the(011)Facet

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Nano-Micro Letters 2023年第9期15卷 164-174页

作者： Kai Zhang Bin Ding chenyue wang Pengju Shi Xianfu Zhang Cheng Liu Yi Yang Xingyu Gao Rui wang Li Tao Keith G.Brooks Songyuan Dai Paul J.Dyson Mohammad Khaja Nazeeruddin Yong Ding Beijing Key Laboratory of Novel Thin-Film Solar Cells North China Electric Power UniversityBeijing 102206People’s Republic of China Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne(EPFL)Lausanne 1015Switzerland Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility(SSRF) Shanghai Advanced Research InstituteChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201204People’s Republic of China School of Engineering Westlake University and Institute of Advanced TechnologyWestlake Institute for Advanced StudyHangzhou 310024People’s Republic of China Hubei Yangtze Memory Laboratories Wuhan 430205People’s Republic of China School of Microelectronics Hubei UniversityWuhan 430062People’s Republic of China

Perovskite crystal facets greatly impact the performance and stability of their corresponding photovoltaic devices.Compared to the(001)facet,the(011)facet yields better photoelectric properties,including higher conductivity and enhanced charge carrier mobility.Thus,achieving(011)facet-exposed films is a promising way to improve device performance.However,the growth of(011)facets is energetically unfavorable in FAPbI_(3) perovskites due to the influence of methylammonium chloride additive.Here,1-butyl-4-methylpyridinium chloride([4MBP]Cl)was used to expose(011)facets.The[4MBP]^(+)cation selectively decreases the surface energy of the(011)facet enabling the growth of the(011)plane.The[4MBP]^(+)cation causes the perovskite nuclei to rotate by 45°such that(011)crystal facets stack along the out-of-plane direction.The(011)facet has excellent charge transport properties and can achieve better-matched energy level alignment.In addition,[4MBP]Cl increases the activation energy barrier for ion migration,suppressing decomposition of the perovskite.As a result,a small-size device(0.06 cm2)and a module(29.0 cm2)based on exposure of the(011)facet achieved power conversion efficiencies of 25.24%and 21.12%,respectively.

关键词： Renewable energy Perovskite solar cell Perovskite solar module Facet engineering

“权力—权利”结构视角下中国地权的历史谱系演进与现代启示

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中国土地科学 2024年第2期38卷 31-40页

作者：王晨跃田莉周建波夏菁清华大学建筑学院北京100084 自然资源部智慧人居环境与空间规划治理技术创新中心北京100084 北京大学经济学院北京100091 合肥工业大学建筑与艺术学院安徽合肥230601

研究目的:探讨传统社会权力干预对土地收益分配的影响,梳理中国地权的历史谱系演进并为现代地权制度中的增值收益合理分配提供启示。研究方法:理想型建构法,分析性叙述法。研究结果:(1)以中央权力与地方权力对私权利不同程度的干预,建... 详细信息

研究目的:探讨传统社会权力干预对土地收益分配的影响,梳理中国地权的历史谱系演进并为现代地权制度中的增值收益合理分配提供启示。研究方法:理想型建构法,分析性叙述法。研究结果:(1)以中央权力与地方权力对私权利不同程度的干预,建构了哑铃型与纺锤型两种理想的地权形态;(2)不同地权形态下的“权力—权利”互动模式可以总结为均田薄赋、经界并税与隐占兼并;(3)地权的历史谱系演进呈现为在王朝治乱周期下,形态由哑铃型向纺锤型的转换,这不仅呈现出中央权力与地方权力干预强弱转换下的表层循环特征,也潜藏着权力干预弱化与权利演化的深层特征。研究结论:建国以来的“权力—权利”结构体现为“中央—地方—农民”的关系,面对结构失衡产生的城乡差距扩大,中央应通过将横向社会反馈纳入纵向政府问责来约束地方政府的权力干预,并通过推动城郊区集体建设用地入市及差异化征税、远郊区农地国有化向农民还权赋能,走向“权力—权利”结构的制衡。

关键词：土地制度史 “权力—权利”结构理想型建构土地产权土地收益分配

Impeded degradation of perovskite solar cells via the dual interfacial modification of siloxane

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Science China Chemistry 2022年第11期65卷 2299-2306页

作者： Xiao Zhang Changsu Cao Yang Bai Cheng Zhu Huachao Zai Sai Ma Yihua Chen Zhenhua Cui Congbo Shi chenyue wang Chenxiao Zhou Guizhou Yuan Ziyan Gao Jiawang Hong Jie Dou Hao wang Huanping Zhou Hai Xiao Jun Li Qi Chen Beijing Key Laboratory of Nanophotonics and Ultrafine Optoelectronic Systems School of Materials Science and EngineeringBeijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing100081China Experimental Center of Advanced Materials School of Materials Science and EngineeringBeijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China Department of Chemistry and Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Department of Chemistry Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China Department of Materials Science and Engineering College of EngineeringPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility(SSRF) Zhangjiang LabShanghai Advanced Research InstituteChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201204China School of Aerospace Engineering Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China

It is challenging to improve the long-term stability of perovskite solar cells(PSCs) without sacrificing efficiency. The perovskite absorbers degrade from the film surface/interfaces, which follows entangled mechanisms that have not been fully revealed yet.Herein, we decouple and elaborate two distinctive pathways regarding film degradation based on FACsPbI3perovskites.Moreover, a dual interfacial modification strategy has been developed for improving the material’s intrinsic stability, thus leading to the film degrading in a more retardant pathway. The corresponding PSCs achieve a stable power output efficiency of 23.75%.More importantly, the unencapsulated PSCs devices retain over 93% of their initial PCE after the maximum power point(MPP)tracking under the continuous 1-sun illumination and show significantly improved stability after aged under the thermal treatment or stored in ambient atmosphere for over 1500 hours without obvious PCE decay. This work shows the importance of modulating the degradation pathway on stability improvement, and at the same time, proposes a strategy for designing perovskite-based optoelectronics with excellent performance and stability.

关键词： perovskite solar cells stability degradation kinetics

定量血流分数在冠状动脉心肌桥血流动力学评估中的应用价值

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中华心血管病杂志 2024年第2期52卷 165-171页

作者：王猛范兴满王全龙曹钰琨马晨越贺琼逸张海涛空军军医大学空军特色医学中心心内科北京100142 河北北方学院研究生院张家口075000 东部战区空军医院心内科南京210001 安徽医科大学第五临床学院合肥230032

目的探讨新一代定量血流分数(QFR)在心肌桥血流动力学评估中的应用价值以及初步探索形变定量血流分数(D-QFR)与QFR的相关性及相关因素。方法本研究为横断面研究。入选2012年6月至2022年6月于空军特色医学中心行冠状动脉造影检查提示单... 详细信息

目的探讨新一代定量血流分数(QFR)在心肌桥血流动力学评估中的应用价值以及初步探索形变定量血流分数(D-QFR)与QFR的相关性及相关因素。方法本研究为横断面研究。入选2012年6月至2022年6月于空军特色医学中心行冠状动脉造影检查提示单纯性心肌桥患者。采用定量冠状动脉造影测量心肌桥收缩期狭窄率及心肌桥长度。根据Nobel分级标准,将患者分为轻度狭窄组(收缩期狭窄率<50%)和中重度狭窄组(收缩期狭窄率≥50%),测量不同时相(包括收缩期和舒张期)3个位置(MCA入口前1~2 cm、MCA中间段、MCA出口后1~2 cm)的QFR数值,分别记作QFRa、QFRb、QFRc,并且记录加入血管形变信息分析的D-QFR值。将任一时相壁冠状动脉远端QFR≤0.8定义为QFR值异常。比较两组不同位置以及各组内不同位置、不同时相QFR值。采用多因素logistic回归分析QFR值异常的相关因素。采用Spearman秩相关分析D-QFR值与收缩期及舒张期QFR值的相关性。采用多元线性回归分析D-QFR的相关因素。结果共入选83例患者,其中男性58例,年龄(57.1±13.1)岁。轻度狭窄组48例,中重度狭窄组35例,两组收缩期及舒张期QFRb、QFRc值差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。组内比较结果显示,QFRb、QFRc在收缩期的测值均低于舒张期;QFRb及QFRc均低于同期的QFRa(P均<0.05)。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,心肌桥收缩期狭窄率(OR=1.225,95%CI 1.093~1.372,P<0.001)为QFR异常的相关因素。D-QFR值与收缩期及舒张期QFR值均呈正相关(相关系数分别为0.849、0.675,P均<0.001)。多元线性回归分析结果显示D-QFR值与年龄(β=-0.208,P=0.029)、收缩期狭窄率(β=-0.500,P<0.001)及心肌桥长度(β=-0.211,P=0.036)均呈负相关。结论心肌桥中远端的QFR值下降;心肌桥收缩期狭窄率为QFR值异常的重要相关因素。D-QFR与收缩期及舒张期QFR值均呈正相关;患者的年龄、收缩期狭窄率及心肌桥长度均是D-QFR值的相关因素。

关键词：心肌桥定量血流分数冠状动脉冠状动脉造影

Stress compensation based on interfacial nanostructures for stable perovskite solar cells

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Interdisciplinary Materials 2023年第2期2卷 348-359页

作者： Cheng Zhu Xi wang Hangxuan Li chenyue wang Ziyan Gao Pengxiang Zhang Xiuxiu Niu Nengxu Li Zipeng Xu Zhenhuang Su Yihua Chen Huachao Zai Haipeng Xie Yizhou Zhao Ning Yang Guilin Liu Xueyun wang Huanping Zhou Jiawang Hong Xingyu Gao Yang Bai Qi Chen Beijing Key Laboratory of Construction Tailorable Advanced Functional Materials and Green Applications MIIT Key Laboratory for Lowdimensional Quantum Structure and DevicesExperimental Center of Advanced MaterialsSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringBeijing Institute of TechnologyBeijingChina School of Aerospace Engineering Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijingChina Department of Materials Science and Engineering College of EngineeringPeking UniversityBeijingChina Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghaiChina Hunan Key Laboratory for Super-microstructure and Ultrafast Process School of Physics and ElectronicsCentral South UniversityChangshaChina School of Science Jiangnan University WuxiWuxiJiangsuChina

The long-term stability issue of halide perovskite solar cells hinders their commercialization.The residual stress-strain affects device stability,which is derived from the mismatched thermophysical and mechanical properties between adjacent layers.In this work,we introduced the Rb_(2)CO_(3)layer at the interface of SnO_(2)/perovskite with the hierarchy morphology of snowflake-like microislands and dendritic nanostructures.With a suitable thermal expansion coefficient,the Rb_(2)CO_(3)layer benefits the interfacial stress relaxation and results in a compressive stress-strain in the perovskite layer.Moreover,reduced nonradiative recombination losses and optimized band alignment were achieved.An enhancement of open-circuit voltage from 1.087 to 1.153 V in the resultant device was witnessed,which led to power conversion efficiency(PCE)of 22.7%(active area of 0.08313 cm^(2))and 20.6%(1 cm2).Moreover,these devices retained 95%of its initial PCE under the maximum power point tracking(MPPT)after 2700 h.It suggests inorganic materials with high thermal expansion coefficients and specific nanostructures are promising candidates to optimize interfacial mechanics,which improves the operational stability of perovskite cells.

关键词： interfacial nanostructures long-term stability perovskite solar cells strain engineering thermal expansion coefficient

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非遗浦城剪纸融入小学美术课堂的思考与实践

武夷学院学报 2024年第4期43卷 105-109页

作者：王雅宁蔡晨越泉州信息工程学院马克思主义学院福建泉州362000 泉州信息工程学院创意设计学院福建泉州362000

浦城剪纸是中国最古老的民间传统艺术之一,深受民众喜爱,2014年被列入第一批国家级非物质文化遗产项目名录。独特的地理位置造就浦城剪纸的独特性。在工艺上具有融合南北的艺术特色,在外形上突显字画结合,在纹样上构图饱满、独幅纹样居... 详细信息

浦城剪纸是中国最古老的民间传统艺术之一,深受民众喜爱,2014年被列入第一批国家级非物质文化遗产项目名录。独特的地理位置造就浦城剪纸的独特性。在工艺上具有融合南北的艺术特色,在外形上突显字画结合,在纹样上构图饱满、独幅纹样居多。但是,随着时代变迁,当下浦城剪纸发展遭遇诸多困阻,影响着这一艺术的传承和发扬。因此,为更好传承浦城剪纸,将浦城剪纸引入小学美术课堂意义重大。这有助于丰富学校美术课程的教学,培养学生的动手能力,提高学生对中国传统艺术的认同感,同时,也有助于提升中华民族的文化自信。

关键词：非遗浦城剪纸小学美术