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Drivers of microbial beta-diversity in wastewater treatment plants in China

Journal of Environmental Sciences 2022年第5期34卷 341-349页

作者： Bing Zhang Ting Yang chenxiang sun Xianghua Wen College of Life and Environmental Sciences Minzu University of ChinaBeijing 100081China Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control State Key Joint Laboratory School of EnvironmentTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

As one of the most well-documented biogeographic patterns,the distance-decay relation-ship provides insights into the underlying mechanisms driving biodiversity ***-though wastewater treatment plants(WWTPs)are well-controlled engineered ecosystems,this pattern has been seen among microbial communities in activated sludge(AS).However,little is known about the relative importance of environmental heterogeneity and dispersal limitation in shaping AS microbial community across China;especially they are related to spatial scale and organism ***,we assessed the distance-decay relationship based on different spatial scales and microbial phylogenetic groups by analyzing 132 activated sludge(AS)samples across China comprising 3,379,20016S rRNA *** results in-dicated that the drivers of distance-decay pattern in China were *** biogeographic patterns in WWTPs were mainly driven by dispersal limitation at both local and national *** contrast,conductivity,SRT,and pH played dominant roles in shaping AS microbial community compositions at the regional *** rates and the drivers of beta-diversity also varied with microorganism ***,a quantitative re-lationship between dispersal limitation ratio and AS microbial turnover rate was ***,these results highlighted the importance of considering multiple spatial scales and micro-organism types for understanding microbial biogeography in WWTPs and pro-vided new insights into predicting variations in AS community structure in response to environmental disturbance.

关键词： Wastewater treatment plant Distance-decay pattern Scale-dependent Microbial assembly Dispersal limitation

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Differences in distributions, assembly mechanisms, and putative interactions of AOB and NOB at a large spatial scale

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2023年第10期17卷 55-64页

作者： Bing Zhang chenxiang sun Huimin Lin Wei Liu Wentao Qin Tan Chen Ting Yang Xianghua Wen College of Life and Environmental Sciences Minzu University of ChinaBeijing 100081China Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control State Key Joint Laboratory School of EnvironmentTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Institute of Plant Protection Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry SciencesBeijing 100097China

Ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) and nitrite-oxidizing bacteria (NOB) play crucial roles in removing nitrogen from sewage in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) to protect water resources. However, the differences in ecological properties and putative interactions of AOB and NOB in WWTPs at a large spatial scale remain unclear. Hence, 132 activated sludge (AS) samples collected from 11 cities across China were studied by utilizing 16S rRNA gene sequencing technology. Results indicated that Nitrosomonas and Nitrosospira accounted for similar ratios of the AOB community and might play nearly equal roles in ammonia oxidation in AS. However, Nitrospira greatly outnumbered other NOB genera, with proportions varying from 94.7% to 99.9% of the NOB community in all WWTPs. Similar compositions and, hence, a low distance–decay turnover rate of NOB (0.035) across China were observed. This scenario might have partly resulted from the high proportions of homogenizing dispersal (~13%). Additionally, drift presented dominant roles in AOB and NOB assembling mechanisms (85.2% and 81.6% for AOB and NOB, respectively). The partial Mantel test illustrated that sludge retention time and temperature were the primary environmental factors affecting AOB and NOB communities. Network results showed that NOB played a leading role in maintaining module structures and node connections in AS. Moreover, most links between NOB and other microorganisms were positive, indicating that NOB were involved in complex symbioses with bacteria in AS.

关键词： Activated sludge Spatial distributions Microbial assembly Co-occurrence patterns Nitrifying bacteria

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Sludge composition and characteristics shaped microbial community and further determined process performance: A study on full-scale thermal hydrolysis-anaerobic digestion processes

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第3期137卷 96-107页

作者： Wei Liu chenxiang sun Wei Li Tianle Li Zhan Chen Jiawei Wang Zhengran Ren Xianghua Wen School of Environment Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Jinneng Holding Group DatongShanxi 037000China Research and Development Center Beijing Drainage Group Co.Ltd.Beijing 100124China Beijing Dabeinong Science and Technology Group Co. Ltd.Beijing 100080China

Anaerobic digestion (AD) with thermal hydrolysis (TH) pretreatment is a promising process for excess sludge treatment,while there lacks of the knowledge from full-scale process about the impact of sludge composition and characteristics on microbial community and *** sludge physiochemical indices,microbial community and performance data of four full-scale TH-AD plants were characterized,and their relationships was *** four plants were operated under almost similar total organic loading rate (OLR)but their methanogenesis performance differentiate into two groups,namely superior group(SupG) and the inferior group (Inf G).In both groups,TH effectively solubilized particulate organic compounds,meanwhile raised the ammonia nitrogen (NH_(4)^(+)-N) and volatile fatty acid (VFA) *** with the Sup G,thermal hydrolyzed sludge of Inf G had higher level of VFAs,NH_(4)^(+)-N and total chemical oxygen demand (t COD),which showed higher inhibition effect on microbes,leading to a community with lower diversity,lower abundance of carbohydrate degrading functional guild,higher protein degrading one,and methanogens that adapted to limited substrates,and further declined the methane production ***,it was recommended that OLR alone was not sufficient for controlling the system in design and operation,the concentration of VFAs,NH_(4)^(+)-N and t COD should be equally *** higher concentration,together with the higher abundance of Defluviitoga and Proteiniphilum were recommended as indicators for inferior running *** results proposed that microbial communities played a role of bridge between environmental factors and performance,provided implications for engineering ecology and operational regulation for full-scale sludge TH-AD process.

关键词： Thermal hydrolysis Anaerobic digestion Microbial community Full-scale

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Progress and Development Direction of “Three-High” Oil and Gas Well Testing Technology

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Journal of Power and Energy Engineering 2022年第6期10卷 1-13页

作者： Bo Zhang Fayon Yuan Hao Su Ming Cao Ruifeng Guo chenxiang sun Sinopec Oilfield Service Corporation Beijing China JHOSC Downhole Engineering Service Company Wuhan Hubei China

By reviewing the development of “three-high” oil and gas well testing technology of Sinopec in recent years, this paper systematically summarizes the application of “three-high” oil and gas well testing technology of Sinopec in engineering optimization design technology, and high temperature and high pressure testing technology, high pressure and high temperature transformation completion integration technology. Major progress has been made in seven aspects: plug removal and re-production technology of production wells in high acid gas fields;wellbore preparation technology of ultra-deep, high-pressure, and high-temperature oil and gas wells;surface metering technology;and supporting tool development technology. This paper comprehensively analyzes the challenges faced by the “three-high” oil and gas well production testing technology in four aspects: downhole tools, production testing technology, safe production testing, and the development of low-cost production test tools. Four development directions are put forward: 1) Improve ultra-deep oil and gas testing technology and strengthen integrated geological engineering research. 2) Deepen oil and gas well integrity evaluation technology to ensure the life cycle of oil and gas wells. 3) Carry out high-end, customized, and intelligent research on oil test tools to promote the low-cost and efficient development of ultra deep reservoirs. 4) Promote the fully automatic control of the surface metering process to realize the safe development of “three-high” reservoirs.

关键词： “Three-High” Oil and Gas Wells Oil Test Geological Engineering Integra-tion Intelligent Downhole Tools

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深井可溶球座研制与应用

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钻采工艺 2023年第2期46卷 106-111页

作者：孙晨祥中国石化江汉石油工程有限公司井下测试公司

随着塔里木盆地勘探开发的深入,现有完井球座存在井下落物、堵塞生产通道等问题,无法满足清洁完井技术需求。因此,结合现场需求及技术难点,文章开展了新型可溶球座研制,利用现有可溶材料研制出了具备高承压、溶解时间可控及应急处理性... 详细信息

随着塔里木盆地勘探开发的深入,现有完井球座存在井下落物、堵塞生产通道等问题,无法满足清洁完井技术需求。因此,结合现场需求及技术难点,文章开展了新型可溶球座研制,利用现有可溶材料研制出了具备高承压、溶解时间可控及应急处理性强的新型可溶球座。通过现场试验,该工具在功能、承压、强度、耐高温等方面均达到现场技术需求,能确保封隔器顺利工作,实现了完井后可溶内芯的全溶解,保障了完井管柱的全通径,满足清洁完井技术需求,为可溶材料在完井工具的扩展应用提供了技术支撑。

关键词：可溶材料高温高压可溶球座冲蚀

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塔河油田高压注氮气对沥青质沉积的影响

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油田化学 2017年第3期34卷 482-486页

作者：张公社何梦莹汪伟英柯文丽袁肖肖孙晨祥油气资源与勘探技术教育部重点实验室(长江大学) 湖北武汉430100 中国石油大港油田分公司天津300280

针对塔河油田注N_2提高采收率中可能发生沥青质沉积伤害储层的问题,通过注气相态分析和黏度测试分析了注N_2对原油组分、性质的影响,采用岩心驱替装置通过注气吞吐沥青质沉积实验研究了注N_2对储层渗透率的影响,以裂缝性岩心缝宽为指标... 详细信息

针对塔河油田注N_2提高采收率中可能发生沥青质沉积伤害储层的问题,通过注气相态分析和黏度测试分析了注N_2对原油组分、性质的影响,采用岩心驱替装置通过注气吞吐沥青质沉积实验研究了注N_2对储层渗透率的影响,以裂缝性岩心缝宽为指标评价了沥青质沉积对储层的伤害程度,提出了减少沥青质沉积的措施。研究结果表明,注N_2吞吐会破坏原油的原有平衡状态,使油中重质组分含量增加,轻质组分减小,原油黏度增大;注气轮次、裂缝宽度和生产井井底流压均会影响沥青质的沉积程度,井底流压高于饱和压力时沥青沉降情况不明显,井底流压低于饱和压力时沥青质沉积程度增大。在现场注气生产中应保持合理的生产压差预防沥青质沉积,选择合适的化学解堵剂有效解除沥青质堵塞。

关键词：注气沥青质沉积原油组分原油性质岩心流动实验

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连续阻尼可调减振器研究及调校过程浅析

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汽车零部件 2024年第3期 74-79,89页

作者：孙晨祥张旭琛马瑞博韦虹宁波吉利罗佑发动机零部件有限公司浙江宁波315336

减振器的开发离不开调校工作对减振器性能的充分释放。以调校工作尤其是机械调校部分为主要内容进行阐述。首先对减振器做了简单介绍,随后阐述了减振器调校准备工作并且对连续阻尼可调减振器(CDC减振器)的原理做了说明,然后着重总结了... 详细信息

减振器的开发离不开调校工作对减振器性能的充分释放。以调校工作尤其是机械调校部分为主要内容进行阐述。首先对减振器做了简单介绍,随后阐述了减振器调校准备工作并且对连续阻尼可调减振器(CDC减振器)的原理做了说明,然后着重总结了调校过程中的调校流程、注意事项、调校原理和优化方法,最后结合实际调校过程中的数据和整车的路面反馈情况,对减振器尤其是CDC减振器的整体调校过程做一个总结,旨在为相关从业人员提供指导和借鉴。

关键词： CDC减振器阻尼特性电磁阀

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中国石化“深地工程”油气测试关键技术及展望

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石油钻探技术 2024年第2期52卷 48-57页

作者：张锦宏张波曹明孙晨祥刘涛廖碧朝牟小清中石化石油工程技术服务股份有限公司北京100020 中石化江汉石油工程有限公司湖北武汉430206 中石化胜利石油工程有限公司山东东营257001 中石化中原石油工程有限公司河南濮阳457001 中石化西南石油工程有限公司四川成都610041

针对“深地工程”构造和储层介质复杂、埋藏深、地层压力高和温度高等复杂工况,中国石化围绕深层超深层油气测试、超高温高压井下工具、地面测试、窄安全窗口油气井测试工程设计和完井测试液等技术进行攻关研究,完成100余口8000 m以深... 详细信息

针对“深地工程”构造和储层介质复杂、埋藏深、地层压力高和温度高等复杂工况,中国石化围绕深层超深层油气测试、超高温高压井下工具、地面测试、窄安全窗口油气井测试工程设计和完井测试液等技术进行攻关研究,完成100余口8000 m以深油气井的测试施工,初步形成了“深地工程”油气测试关键技术及配套装备,有力支撑了塔里木盆地、四川盆地和准噶尔盆地等深层超深层油气资源的勘探开发。梳理总结了中国石化“深地工程”油气测试关键技术,分析了中国石化“深地工程”向9000 m乃至10000 m以深迈进情况下油气测试技术面临的主要挑战,展望了特深层高温高压油气测试工程设计、特深层高温高压油气测试完井工艺、地面自动化测试和高性能油气测试工具等技术在未来的发展。该技术总结与展望对构建更加成熟、专业、安全、高效的油气测试技术体系,助力深层超深储层油气勘探开发取得更大突破有一定借鉴意义。

关键词：深地工程超深储层油气测试完井投产地质工程一体化中国石化

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超燃冲压发动机中不同燃烧模态下乙烯燃烧释热的敏感因素

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航空学报 2025年第4期46卷 94-106页

作者：李凡刘铭江孙明波赵国焱马光伟赵晨翔国防科技大学空天科学学院高超声速冲压发动机技术重点实验室长沙410073

在马赫数2.52、总压1.34 MPa和总温1650 K的超声速来流条件下,对超燃冲压发动机燃烧室中乙烯燃烧释热的敏感因素开展实验研究。系统分析和对比了发动机中隔离段长度、喷注距离、凹腔深度、喉部大小等关键构型参数对乙烯燃烧释热的影响,... 详细信息

在马赫数2.52、总压1.34 MPa和总温1650 K的超声速来流条件下,对超燃冲压发动机燃烧室中乙烯燃烧释热的敏感因素开展实验研究。系统分析和对比了发动机中隔离段长度、喷注距离、凹腔深度、喉部大小等关键构型参数对乙烯燃烧释热的影响,结果表明乙烯燃烧释热对构型参数的敏感度与燃烧模态紧密相关。当燃烧处于纯超燃模态时,燃烧释热对构型参数的变化不敏感,而当燃烧处于双模态超燃(超燃模态)时则相反,之后随着当量比增加,燃烧逐渐过渡为双模态亚燃(亚燃模态)时,燃烧释热对构型参数变化的敏感度逐渐下降。总的来说,不同构型参数对燃烧释热的影响程度从高到低依次是喉部大小>隔离段长度>喷注距离>凹腔深度。

关键词：超燃冲压发动机凹腔超声速流动燃烧释热燃烧模态

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基于热水解的高效污泥厌氧消化技术研究进展

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生物产业技术 2019年第2期 58-64页

作者：孙晨翔李伟陈湛秦文韬王佳伟文湘华清华大学环境学院环境模拟与污染控制国家重点联合实验室北京100084 北京城市排水集团有限责任公司科技研发中心北京市污水资源化工程技术研究中心北京100124

污水处理厂产生的大量剩余污泥,是目前困扰市政工程的主要问题之一,对其进行减量化、稳定化、无害化和资源化是污泥处理处置的核心任务。厌氧消化技术是目前最广泛使用的污泥处理工艺之一,但厌氧消化技术受到污泥低水解速率的制约。基... 详细信息

污水处理厂产生的大量剩余污泥,是目前困扰市政工程的主要问题之一,对其进行减量化、稳定化、无害化和资源化是污泥处理处置的核心任务。厌氧消化技术是目前最广泛使用的污泥处理工艺之一,但厌氧消化技术受到污泥低水解速率的制约。基于热水解的高效污泥厌氧消化技术不仅打破传统厌氧消化的水解限速,还在改善污泥流变特性和化学特性、提高污泥厌氧消化效率和新兴污染物的去除等方面有着明显的优势。综述了热水解预处理对污泥特性和对系统中新兴污染物去除特性的影响,总结了目前的研究成果并展望了发展前景,指出工艺运行条件的进一步优化和经济可行性的系统评价是其推广使用的重要支撑。

关键词：热水解厌氧消化污泥特性抗生素抗生素抗性基因

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