Eddies are major elements of ocean dynamics that affect ocean *** their effects on plankton distribution may help understand the dynamics of harmful phytoplankton *** studies on the effects of eddies in the northern A...
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Eddies are major elements of ocean dynamics that affect ocean *** their effects on plankton distribution may help understand the dynamics of harmful phytoplankton *** studies on the effects of eddies in the northern Arabian Sea have primarily focused on the zooplankton community,and few have observed zooplankton dynamics during winter blooms of Noctiluca *** investigated zooplankton community structure and the related environmental variability during a *** bloom that was affected by an eddy in February *** sampling stations were deployed at eddy core and eddy edge distinguished in salinity,temperature,and *** show that *** bloomed at the eddy core with high-velocity currents induced by warm eddies that moved from eddy core to eddy *** a result,blooms significantly changed the zooplankton community ***-bloom stations had higher zooplankton diversity than bloom *** at non-bloom stations were dominated by either tunicates or copepods,such as Thalia democratica and Pleuromamma *** addition to the influence of *** blooms,the velocity of eddy currents was a crucial factor on the similarities in the zooplankton community composition between eddy edge and eddy ***,the lower abiotic factors in bloom area contribute to the structuring of the zooplankton community during *** blooms.
Planktonic metabolism plays an important role in affecting the energy transportation and carbon cycle of the marine ***,its regulation mechanism remains unclear under the continuously exogenous nutrient inputs in near...
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Planktonic metabolism plays an important role in affecting the energy transportation and carbon cycle of the marine ***,its regulation mechanism remains unclear under the continuously exogenous nutrient inputs in nearshore *** this study,a mesocosm experiment was conducted in a semi-enclosed bay,the Daya Bay,to explore the responses of plankton metabolic balance and community structure to a concentration gradient of daily nitrogen and phosphorus *** results showed that nutrient enrichments promoted phytoplankton biomass,total primary production,and community respiration,and the promoting effect enhanced alongwith the increase of nutrient ***,the net community production fluctuated more violently between autotrophic and heterotrophic with the increase of nutrient inputs and tended to be more heterotrophic from the 5 th day to the 10 th day of the *** addition,the daily flux of nitrogen and phosphorus,2μmol/(L·d)and 0.066μmol/(L·d),respectively,could be regarded as a potential threshold for ecosystem stability and health,since most of the ecological characteristics related to plankton structure and function have undergone significant changes when the nutrient level is higher than *** the nearshore enclosed or semi-enclosed waters,nutrient from continuous terrigenous input is likely to be concentrated and exceed this level,indicating the ecological risks due to the metabolic unbalance and the deterioration of plankton community structure.
Conversion of CO2back to hydrocarbons is the most direct way of closing the“carbon cycle”,and its significance is further enlarged if this process is driven by renewable energies such as ***,precisely controlling th...
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Conversion of CO2back to hydrocarbons is the most direct way of closing the“carbon cycle”,and its significance is further enlarged if this process is driven by renewable energies such as ***,precisely controlling the product selectivity towards hydrocarbons against the competitive hydrogen evolution remains challenging,especially for Cu-based ***,we report a novel defect engineering strategy,by which Cu-doping-induced oxygen vacancies on CeO2nanorods were effectively created,with adjustable vacancy/Cu *** resulting optimum catalyst shows up to 79% catalytic current density to hydrocarbons (excluding CO),with 49% faradaic efficiency to *** and density functional theory unveil that the ratio between oxygen vacancy and Cu affects significantly the formation of*CHO and activation of H2O,which leads to the following deep hydrogenation to *** findings may spur new insights for designing and developing more controllable chemical process relevant to CO2utilization.
In the field of perovskite solar cells(PSCs), the research on defects in the buried interface has been relatively limited due to its non-exposure; however, this interface significantly impacts the performance enhancem...
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In the field of perovskite solar cells(PSCs), the research on defects in the buried interface has been relatively limited due to its non-exposure; however, this interface significantly impacts the performance enhancement of inverted PSCs. This study employs phenylethylammonium chloride(PEACl) molecules as a buffer layer to modify the buried interface of p-i-n structured PSCs,aiming to enhance the uniformity of self-assembled monolayers(SAMs) and facilitate the uniform nucleation and growth of perovskite films on the substrate. Furthermore, the introduction of the PEACl buffer layer effectively passivates defects at the bottom of the perovskite layer and notably enhances the crystal quality of the perovskite film by mitigating residual stress,thereby reducing nonradiative recombination loss. Following these optimizations, the MA-free PSCs treated with PEACl achieve a power conversion efficiency(PCE) of 24.11%, with significant improvements in storage, thermal stability, and operational stability. Particularly noteworthy is the device's performance in an unencapsulated state, whereas after 1,500 hours of continuous light operation stability testing, it retains 97% of its original efficiency. This study not only enriches the systematic understanding of the characteristics of the buried interface in PSCs but also contributes significantly to advancing the commercial production of perovskite photovoltaic technology.
Monitoring minuscule mechanical signals,both in magnitude and direction,is imperative in many application scenarios,e.g.,structural health monitoring and robotic sensing ***,the piezoelectric sensor struggles to satis...
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Monitoring minuscule mechanical signals,both in magnitude and direction,is imperative in many application scenarios,e.g.,structural health monitoring and robotic sensing ***,the piezoelectric sensor struggles to satisfy the requirements for directional recognition due to the limited piezoelectric coefficient matrix,and achieving sensitivity for detecting micrometer-scale deformations is also ***,we develop a vector sensor composed of lead zirconate titanate-electronic grade glass fiber composite filaments with oriented arrangement,capable of detecting minute anisotropic *** as-prepared vector sensor can identify the deformation directions even when subjected to an unprecedented nominal strain of 0.06%,thereby enabling its utility in accurately discerning the 5μm-height wrinkles in thin films and in monitoring human pulse *** ultra-high sensitivity is attributed to the formation of porous ferroelectret and the efficient load transfer efficiency of continuous lead zirconate titanate ***,when integrated with machine learning techniques,the sensor’s capability to recognize multi-signals enables it to differentiate between 10 types of fine textures with 100%*** structural design in piezoelectric devices enables a more comprehensive perception of mechanical stimuli,offering a novel perspective for enhancing recognition accuracy.
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