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Long-term inorganic plus organic fertilization increases yield and yield stability of winter wheat

The Crop Journal 2018年第6期6卷 589-599页

作者： Huan Chen Aixing Deng Weijian Zhang Wei Li Yuqiang Qiao Taiming Yang chengyan zheng Chengfu Cao Fu Chen College of Agronomy and Biotechnology China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China Institute of Crop Sciences Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China Crop Research Institute Anhui Academy of Agricultural SciencesHefei 230031AnhuiChina Anhui Center of Agricultural Meteorology Hefei 230031AnhuiChina

An understanding of wheat yield and yield stability response to fertilization is important for sustainable wheat production. A 36-year long-term fertilization experiment was employed to evaluate the yield and yield stability of winter wheat. Five fertilization regimes were compared,including(1) CK, no fertilizer;(2) NPK, inorganic fertilizer only;(3) O, organic fertilizer only;(4)NPKO, 50% of NPK plus 50% of O, and(5) HNPKO, 80% of NPK plus 80% of O. The greatest yield increase was recorded in HNPKO, followed by NPKO, with O producing the lowest mean yield increase. Over the 36 years, the rate of wheat yield increase in fertilized plots ranged from95.31 kg ha-1 year-1 in the HNPKO to 138.65 kg ha-1 year-1 in the O. Yield stability analysis using the additive main effects and multiplicative interactions(AMMI) method assigned 62.3%, 26.3%,and 11.4% of sums of squares to fertilization effect, environmental effect, and fertilization ×environment interaction effect, respectively. The combination of inorganic and organic fertilization(NPKO and HNPKO) appeared to produce more stable yields than O or NPK, with lower coefficients of variation and AMMI stability value. However, wheat grown with O seemed to be the most susceptible to climate change and the least productive among the fertilized *** correlations of grain yield with soil properties and with mean air temperature were observed. These findings suggest that inorganic + organic fertilizer can increase wheat yield and its stability by improvement in soil fertility and reduction in variability to climate change.

关键词： Winter wheat Grain yield Yield stability AMMI analysis Long-term fertilization

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Organic amendments increase corn yield by enhancing soil resilience to climate change

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The Crop Journal 2015年第2期3卷 110-117页

作者： Zhenwei Song Hongjun Gao Ping Zhu Chang Peng Aixing Deng chengyan zheng Md Abdul Mannaf Md Nurul Islam Weijian Zhang Institute of Crop Sciences Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology and Ecology Ministry of Agriculture Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute

A 22-year field experiment was conducted in Gongzhuling, Jilin province, China to investigate corn yield response to fertilization practice. Compared to an unfertilized control(CK), all fertilization treatments, including inorganic nitrogen fertilizer only(N), balanced inorganic fertilizers(NPK), NPK plus corn straw(SNPK), and NPK plus farmyard manure(MNPK), resulted in significant increases in corn yield. However, only organic matter amendments sustained increasing yield trends, with annual rates of 0.137 and 0.194 t ha-1for the SPNK and MNPK treatments, respectively(P < 0.05). During the 22 years, the daily mean, maximum and minimum temperatures increased by 0.50, 0.53, and 0.46 °C per decade, whereas precipitation displayed no significant change but showed large seasonal variation. According to a regression analysis, increased air temperature exerted positive effects on corn yields under the SNPK and the MNPK treatments. Under both treatments,soil organic carbon contents and soil nutrient availabilities increased significantly compared to their initial levels in 1990, whereas soil bulk density and total porosity changed slightly under the two treatments, which showed higher soil water storage than other treatments. In contrast, significant increases in soil bulk density and decreases in soil total porosity and soil nutrient availability were observed under the CK, N and NPK treatments. The contributions of soil fertility to corn yield were 28.4%, 37.9%, 38.4%, 39.0%,and 42.9% under CK, N, NPK, SNPK, and MNPK treatments, respectively, whereas climate changes accounted for 27.0%, 14.6%, 12.4%, 11.8%, and 10.8%. These results indicate that, in Northeast China, organic matter amendments can mitigate negative and exploit positive effects of climate change on crop production by enhancing soil quality.

关键词： Long-term fertilization Maize cropping Soil quality Global warming Northeast China

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Optimal yield-related attributes of irrigated rice for high yield potential based on path analysis and stability analysis

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The Crop Journal 2014年第4期2卷 235-243页

作者： Ganghua Li Jun Zhang Congdang Yang Yunpan Song chengyan zheng Shaohua Wang zhenghui Liu Yanfeng Ding Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Information Agriculture National Engineering and Technology Center for Information/Agriculture Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology and Ecology in Southern China Nanjing Agricultural University Institute of Food Crop of Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences Institute of Crop Science Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences

Improvement of yield in rice(Oryza sativa L.) is vital for ensuring food security in China. Both rice breeders and growers need an improved understanding of the relationship between yield and yield-related traits. New indica cultivars(53 in 2007 and 48 in 2008) were grown in Taoyuan,Yunnan province, to identify important components contributing to yield. Additionally, two standard indica rice cultivars with similar yield potentials, II You 107(a large-panicle type) and Xieyou 107(a heavy-panicle type), were planted in Taoyuan, Yunnan province and Nanjing,Jiangsu province, from 2006 to 2008 to evaluate the stability of yield and yield-related *** duration(GD), leaf area index(LAI), panicles per m2(PN), and spikelets per m2(SM) were significantly and positively correlated with grain yield(GY) over all years. Sequential path analysis identified PN and panicle weight(PW) as important first-order traits that influenced grain yield. All direct effects were significant, as indicated by bootstrap analysis. Yield potential varied greatly across locations but not across years. Plant height(PH), days from heading to maturity(HM), and grain weight(GW) were stable traits that showed little variation across sites or years, whereas GD(mainly the pre-heading period, PHP) and PN varied significantly across locations. To achieve a yield of 15 t ha-1, a cultivar should have a PH of 110–125 cm, a long GD with HM of approximately 40 days, a PN of 300–400 m-2, and a GW of 29–31 mg.

关键词： Irrigated rice Grain yield Yield-related attributes Sequential path analysis Stability analysis

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The impacts of conservation agriculture on crop yield in China depend on specific practices, crops and cropping regions

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The Crop Journal 2014年第5期2卷 289-296页

作者： chengyan zheng Yu Jiang Changqing Chen Yanni Sun Jinfei Feng Aixing Deng Zhenwei Song Weijian Zhang Institute of Crop Science Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Ministry of Agriculture Institute of Crop Science Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology & Ecology Ministry of Agriculture Institute of Applied Ecology Nanjing Agricultural University

For smooth and wide application of conservation agriculture(CA), remaining uncertainties about its impacts on crop yield need to be reduced. Based on previous field experiments in China, a meta-analysis was performed to quantify the actual impacts of CA practices(NT: no/reduced-tillage only, CTSR: conventional tillage with straw retention, NTSR: NT with straw retention) on crop yields as compared to conventional tillage without straw retention(CT).Although CA practices increased crop yield by 4.6% on average, there were large variations in their impacts. For each CA practice, CTSR and NTSR significantly increased crop yield by 4.9%and 6.3%, respectively, compared to CT. However, no significant effect was found for NT. Among ecological areas, significant positive effects of CA practices were found in areas with an annual precipitation below 600 mm. Similar effects were found in areas with annual mean air temperature above 5 °C. For cropping regions, CA increased crop yield by 6.4% and 5.5%compared to CT in Northwest and South China, respectively, whereas no significant effects were found in the North China and Northeast China regions. Among crops, the positive effects of CA practices were significantly higher in maize(7.5%) and rice(4.1%) than in wheat(2.9%). NT likely decreased wheat yield. Our results indicate that there are great differences in the impacts of CA practices on crop yield, owing to regional variation in climate and crop types. CA will most likely increase maize yield but reduce wheat yield. It is strongly recommended to apply CA with crop straw retention in maize cropping areas and seasons with a warm and dry climate pattern.

关键词： Conservation agriculture No/reduced tillage Straw recycling Food security

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织物/聚脲柔性复合材料抗爆性能研究进展

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材料导报 2021年第23期35卷 23205-23211页

作者：郑成燕张典堂梁燕民钱坤江南大学生态纺织教育部重点实验室无锡214122 上海复合材料科技有限公司上海201112

织物/聚脲柔性复合材料因轻质和优异的防爆性能而成为个体及公共建筑材料防爆领域的关键材料。本文阐述了爆炸载荷的传播机制及破坏机理,探讨了爆炸冲击载荷下织物/聚脲柔性复合材料的作用机制及吸能方式,总结了织物增强体和聚脲分别对... 详细信息

织物/聚脲柔性复合材料因轻质和优异的防爆性能而成为个体及公共建筑材料防爆领域的关键材料。本文阐述了爆炸载荷的传播机制及破坏机理,探讨了爆炸冲击载荷下织物/聚脲柔性复合材料的作用机制及吸能方式,总结了织物增强体和聚脲分别对防爆复合材料性能的影响;同时,在现有研究基础上指出了目前存在的问题并提出建议,为今后新型轻质高强织物/聚脲柔性复合材料的研究提供参考依据及前沿思路。

关键词：织物/聚脲柔性复合材料破片侵彻防爆复合材料爆炸冲击波

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Integrative impacts of soil tillage on corn straw decomposition rate and soil characteristics during the decomposition period under wheat-corn cropping system

Integrative impacts of soil tillage on corn straw decomposit...

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中国农学会耕作制度分会2018年度学术年会

作者： Hojatollah Latifmanesh chengyan zheng Zhenwei Song Liang Li Zongjin Chen Yuntan zheng Pei Wang Weijian Zhang Institute of Crop Science Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology &EcologyMinistry of Agriculture Dongping County Agricultural Bureau

Significant efforts have been made to assess how tillage impact straw decomposition. However, the integrative impacts of soil tillage on corn straw decomposition, microbial biomass(MB) C&N, soil C and N cycle through the straw decomposition period are not documented. We conducted an experiment in Shandong–Dongping, with three straw managements according to the tillage practices which are using in the region, including straw incorporation into topsoil 0–7 cm(TI), medium depth straw incorporation 0–20 cm(MI), and deep straw incorporation 0–30 cm(DI). The results indicate that straw decomposition rate was significantly high under TI through the decomposition period of corn straw, except for the first year during January to February DI had higher decomposition rate because of higher soil temperature. Then after rising temperature from February 2017 the decomposition rate of corn straw was increased under TI, and the decomposition rate of TI on 7, August 2017 was significantly higher by 24.5% and 16.5% compared with MI and DI, respectively. TI significantly reduced soil porosity and increased MBC and MBN during decomposition period of straw(P<0.05), the average concentration of NO–N and TOC was also significantly higher under TI than MI and DI, respectively, while average results of dissolved organic carbon during the decomposition period was high under DI than TI and MI. Our results indicate that straw incorporation in topsoil can reduce soil porosity in this layer which can provide higher oxygen, increase variations of soil temperature and MBC&N, which might result in higher decomposition rate of straw and higher soil NO–N and TOC concentration.

关键词： Soil management Straw incorporation Decomposition rate TOC Microbial biomass

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Molecular detection and quantification of nifH gene sequences in the rhizosphere of Oat(Avena sativa L.) under different intercropping patterns

Molecular detection and quantification of nifH gene sequence...

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中国农学会耕作制度分会2016年学术年会

作者： Xiaomin Feng Yuegao Hu Weijian Zhang Zhenwei Song chengyan zheng Aixing Deng Jun Zhang Zhaohai Zeng College of Agronomy and Biotechnology China Agricultural University Institute of crop science Chinese Academy of Agriculture Science/Key Laboratory of crop Physiology& Ecology Ministry of Agricultural

【Objective】Biological nitrogen fixation( BNF) is an important source of nitrogen input in many natural ecosystems. Better exploitation of BNF is one way to reduce the use of chemical nitrogen fertilizer in the future. So the objective of this experiment was to assess respectively the molecular diversity and the quantity of the nif H gene sequences in the rhizospheres of oat under different intercropping system in Jilin Province, Northeast of China.【Method】In this study, the molecular diversity and the quantity of the nifH gene sequences were determined by high-throughput sequencing and SYBR GreenⅠ quantitative real-time PCR( qPCR) approaches under three different planting patterns(Oat monoculture, Oat/Mung bean and Oat/Soybean system) 【Result】Members of the order Azohydromonas, Azotobacter, Bradyrhizobium, Skermanella and some other groups that can not be classified dominated at genus level in all samples, but significant differences were obtained in proportion of dominate groups. Venn and principal component analysis results indicated there were greater differences of nifH gene community structure between heading and mature stages, and the OSO and OMO treatments had a more similar community structure at the two stages. When the quantity of the nif H gene sequences was determined by qPCR, 1.75 × 10- 7.37 × 10 copies /g dry soil varied between the six soil samples. The highest number of nifH gene copies was observed in the rhizosphere of oat/soybean intercropping system. 【Conclusion】High-throughput sequencing and SYBR GreenⅠ quantitative real-time PCR( q PCR) approaches can be used as an efficient way to perform further studies to evaluate the direct contribution of the N-fixing plant-colonizing plant growth promoting bacteria to plant Nnutrition.

关键词： Real-time PCR High-throughput sequencing nifH gene Oat Soybean Mung bean Diazotrophs

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The compound(E)-2-(3,4-dihydroxystyryl)-3-hydroxy-4H-pyran-4-one alleviates neuroinflammation and cognitive impairment in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第11期20卷 3330-3344页

作者： Xueyan Liu Wei Wu Xuejuan Li chengyan Wang Ke Chai Fanru Yuan Huijuan zheng Yuxing Yao Chenlu Li Zu-Cheng Ye Daijun Zha Department of Medicinal Chemistry School of PharmacyFujian Medical UniversityFuzhouFujian ProvinceChina Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Aging and Neurodegenerative Diseases School of Basic Medical SciencesFujian Medical UniversityFuzhouFujian ProvinceChina Institute of Laboratory Animal Center Fujian Medical UniversityFuzhouFujian ProvinceChina Department of Neurosurgery Neurosurgery Research InstituteThe First Affiliated HospitalFujian Medical UniversityFuzhouFujian ProvinceChina Department of Hyperbaric Oxygen National Regional Medical CenterBinhai Campus of the First Affiliated HospitalFujian Medical UniversityFuzhouFujian ProvinceChina

Previous studies have shown that the compound(E)-2-(3,4-dihydroxystyryl)-3-hydroxy-4H-pyran-4-one(D30),a pyromeconic acid derivative,possesses antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties,inhibits amyloid-β aggregation,and alleviates scopolamine-induced cognitive impairment,similar to the phase Ⅲ clinical drug *** this study,we established a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease via intracerebroventricular injection of fibrillar amyloid-β to investigate the effect of D30 on fibrillar amyloid-β-induced *** results showed that D30 alleviated fibrillar amyloid-β-induced cognitive impairment,promoted fibrillar amyloid-β clearance from the hippocampus and cortex,suppressed oxidative stress,and inhibited activation of microglia and astrocytes.D30 also reversed the fibrillar amyloid-β-induced loss of dendritic spines and synaptic protein ***,we demonstrated that exogenous fibrillar amyloid-βintroduced by intracerebroventricular injection greatly increased galectin-3 expression levels in the brain,and this increase was blocked by *** the role of D30 in clearing amyloid-β,inhibiting neuroinflammation,protecting synapses,and improving cognition,this study highlights the potential of galectin-3 as a promising treatment target for patients with Alzheimer's disease.

关键词： Alzheimer's disease amyloid-β astrocyte cognitive impairment D30 dendritic spines galectin-3 microglia neuroinflammation neuron

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秦始皇时期的北方边政经略

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内蒙古文物考古 2006年第1期 30-41页

作者：郑承燕内蒙古文物考古研究所

历史上的内蒙古地区是农耕文化和游牧文化交互发生和冲击碰撞的地区,因其特殊的地理位置,成为中原王朝与北方少数民族政权之间的必争之地,因而备受中原历代王朝的重视.终秦一代,其北部边防的大多数地区都处于匈奴的直接威胁之下,匈奴人... 详细信息

历史上的内蒙古地区是农耕文化和游牧文化交互发生和冲击碰撞的地区,因其特殊的地理位置,成为中原王朝与北方少数民族政权之间的必争之地,因而备受中原历代王朝的重视.终秦一代,其北部边防的大多数地区都处于匈奴的直接威胁之下,匈奴人对"河南地"的占领,更是严重而直接地威胁着秦的政治统治.空前统一而强大的秦帝国同骄骄日上、不断南下的匈奴之间的战争,一触即发,而内蒙古地区成为这一军事冲突最为激烈的前沿地带.……

关键词：秦始皇直道遗迹匈奴人内蒙古地区北假移民实边内蒙古河套地区长城蒙恬边政

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浅谈基本医疗保险住院医疗费用定额结算方式下的会计核算

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福建商业高等专科学校学报 2003年第6期 30-31页

作者：郑成艳福建省医疗保险管理中心福建福州350001

在医疗保险改革这一世界性难题中 ,医疗管理和费用控制可谓是难题中的难点 ,而费用结算办法是实现管理和控制的重要环节。各地通过制定基本医疗保险费用结算办法 ,不断调整和完善支付方式与标准、结算程序、审核办法和监控措施 ,确保了... 详细信息

在医疗保险改革这一世界性难题中 ,医疗管理和费用控制可谓是难题中的难点 ,而费用结算办法是实现管理和控制的重要环节。各地通过制定基本医疗保险费用结算办法 ,不断调整和完善支付方式与标准、结算程序、审核办法和监控措施 ,确保了基本医疗保险统筹基金的收支平衡 ,规范了医疗服务行为 ,保证了参保人员的基本医疗。而在现行的《社会保险基金财务制度》和《社会保险基金会计制度》并未对具体的结算方式下的会计核算方法作出明确的规定 ,本文正是结合工作实践对住院费用定额结算方式作一定的探讨 ,以供商榷。

关键词：住院定额结算会计核算

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