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Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering 2009年第1期22卷 42-49页

作者： ZHANG Jianlong yin chengliang ZHANG Jianwu School of Mechanical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240 China

Braking on low adhesion-coefficient roads, hybrid electric vehicle＇s motor regenerative torque is switched off to safeguard the normal anti-lock braking system （ABS） fimction. When the ABS control is terminated, the motor regenerative braking is readmitted. Aiming at avoiding permanent cycles from hydraulic anti-lock braking to motor regenerative braking, a novel electro-mechanical hybrid anti-lock braking system using fuzzy logic is designed. Different from the traditional single control structure, this system has a two-layered hierarchical structure, The first layer is responsible for harmonious adjustment or interaction between regenerative system and anti-lock braking system. The second layer is responsible for braking torque distribution and adjustment. The closed-loop simulation model is built. Control strategy and method for coordination between regenerative and anti-lock braking are developed. Simulation braking on low adhesion-coefficient roads with fuzzy logic control and real vehicle braking field test are presented. The results from simulating analysis and experiment show braking performance of the vehicle is perfect, harmonious coordination between regenerative and anti-lock braking function, significant amount of braking energy can be recovered and the proposed control strategy and method are effective.

关键词： hybrid electric vehicle regenerative braking anti-lock braking fuzzy logic control electro-mechanical hybrid anti-lock braking

Novel Application-oriented Transient Fuel Model of a Port Fuel Injection S. I. Engine

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Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering 2014年第2期27卷 348-357页

作者： WANG Cunlei ZHANG Jianlong yin chengliang National Engineering Laboratory for Automotive Electronic Control Technology Shanghai Jiao Tong University

Most researches on transient fuel control of port fuel injection S.I. engine are carried out from the perspective of advanced mathematical theories. When it comes to practical control, there exist many limitations although they are more intelligent. In order to overcome the fuel wetting effect of PFI engine, the application-oriented transient fuel control is studied by analyzing the key parameters which are closely related with the engine transient characteristics. Both validity and simplicity are taken into consideration. Based on the fuel wall-wetting theory and popular fuel compensation strategy, short-term transient fuel（STF） and long-term transient fuel（LTF）, as well as their individual decay approaches, are introduced. STF is to compensate the drastic fuel film loss caused by sudden throttle change, while the function of LTF is to compensate the fuel film loss by manifold air pressure（p） fluctuation. Each of them has their respective pros and cons. The engine fuel mass and air mass are also calculated for air-fuel ratio（AFR） according to ideal gas state equation and empirical equations. The vehicle acceleration test is designed for model validation. The engine experiences several mild and heavy accelerations corresponding to the gear change during vehicle acceleration. STF and LTF control are triggered reliably. The engine transient fuel control simulation adopts the same inputs as the test to ensure consistency. The logged test data are used to check the model output. The results show that the maximum fuel pulse width（FPW） error reaches 2 ms, and it only occurs under engine heavy acceleration condition. The average FPW error is 0.57 ms. The results of simulation and test are close overall, which indicates the accuracy of steady and transient fuel. The proposed research provides an efficient approach not only suitable for practical engineering application, but also for AFR prediction, fuel consumption calculation, and further studies on emission control.

关键词： engine strategy transient fuel model

DEVELOPMENT OF THE ENERGY MANAGEMENT STRATEGY FOR PARALLEL HYBRID ELECTRIC URBAN BUSES

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Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering 2008年第4期21卷 44-50页

作者： HUANG Yuanjun yin chengliang ZHANG Jianwu Institute of Automotive Engineering School of Mechanical Engineering Shanghai Jiaotong University Shanghai 200240 China

A novel parallel hybrid electrical urban bus （PHEUB） configuration consisting of an extra one-way clutch and an automatic mechanical transmission （AMT） is taken as the study subject. An energy management strategy combining a logic threshold approach and an instantaneous optimization algorithm is proposed for the investigated PHEUB. The objective of the energy management strategy is to achieve acceptable vehicle performance and drivability requirements while simultaneously maximizing the engine fuel consumption and maintaining the battery state of charge in its operation range at all times. Under the environment of Matlab/Simulink, a computer simulation model for the PHEUB is constructed by using the model building method combining theoretical analysis and bench test data. Simulation and experiment results for China Typical Bus Driving Schedule at Urban District （CTBDS_UD） are obtained, and the results indicate that the proposed control strategy not only controls the hybrid system efficiently but also improves the fuel economy significantly.

关键词： Parallel hybrid electric urban bus (PHEUB) Energy management strategy (EMS) Instantaneous optimization

MODELING AND IMPLEMENTATION OF SPEED GOVERNOR FOR THE HYBRID ELECTRIC VEHICLE ENGINE

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Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering 2005年第4期18卷 603-608页

作者： Feng Qishan Zhang Jianwu yin chengliang School of Mechanical Engineering Shanghai Jiaotong University Shanghai 200030 China

A speed control analysis for an in-line gasoline fueled internal combustion （IC） engine is presented for the purpose of alleviation of high frequency oscillations in engine revolutions. A dynamic cylinder-by-cylinder model is proposed, base on slider-crank mechanism, which is extended to develop a digital governor providing a high fidelity estimation of rotary speed oscillation for hybrid vehicle engines. A modified PID controller that P and I gain is placed in feedback path is also described for hybrid electric vehicle （HEV） engine speed regulation, By comparison between measured and estimated signals, it is demonstrated that a good agreement has been achieved and the governor behaves an excellent damping speed ripple.

关键词： Digital speed governor Engine dynamic model Slider-crank mechanism Hybrid electric vehicle (HEV)

Series-parallel Hybrid Vehicle Control Strategy Design and Optimization Using Real-valued Genetic Algorithm

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Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering 2009年第6期22卷 862-868页

作者： XIONG Weiwei yin chengliang ZHANG Yong ZHANG Jianlong Institute of Automotive Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240 China

Despite the series-parallel hybrid electric vehicle inherits the performance advantages from both series and parallel hybrid electric vehicle, few researches about the series-parallel hybrid electric vehicle have been revealed because of its complex co nstruction and control strategy. In this paper, a series-parallel hybrid electric bus as well as its control strategy is revealed, and a control parameter optimization approach using the real-valued genetic algorithm is proposed. The optimization objective is to minimize the fuel consumption while sustain the battery state of charge, a tangent penalty function of state of charge（SOC） is embodied in the objective function to recast this multi-objective nonlinear optimization problem as a single linear optimization problem. For this strategy, the vehicle operating mode is switched based on the vehicle speed, and an ＂optimal line＂ typed strategy is designed for the parallel control. The optimization parameters include the speed threshold for mode switching, the highest state of charge allowed, the lowest state of charge allowed and the scale factor of the engine optimal torque to the engine maximum torque at a rotational speed. They are optimized through numerical experiments based on real-value genes, arithmetic crossover and mutation operators. The hybrid bus has been evaluated at the Chinese Transit Bus City Driving Cycle via road test, in which a control area network-based monitor system was used to trace the driving schedule. The test result shows that this approach is feasible for the control parameter optimization. This approach can be applied to not only the novel construction presented in this paper, but also other types of hybrid electric vehicles.

关键词： series-parallel hybrid electric vehicle control strategy design optimization real-valued genetic algorithm

ACTIVE FRONT STEERING DURING BRAKING PROCESS

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Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering 2008年第4期21卷 64-70页

作者： CHEN Deling CHEN Li yin chengliang ZHANG Yong School of Mechanical Engineering Shanghai Jiaotong University Shanghai 200240China

An active front steering （AFS） intervention control during braking for vehicle stability is presented. Based on the investigation of AFS mechanism, a simplified model of steering system is established and integrated with vehicle model. Then the AFS control on vehicle handling dynamics during braking is designed. Due to the difficulties associated with the sideslip angle measurement of vehicle, a state observer is designed to provide real time estimation. Thereafter, the controller with the feedback of both sideslip and yaw angle is implemented. To evaluate the system control, the proposed AFS controlled vehicle has been tested in the Hardware-in-the-loop-simulation （HILS） system and compared with that of conventional vehicle. Results show that AFS can improve vehicle lateral stability effectively without reducing the braking performance.

关键词： Active front steering(AFS) Handling stability Yaw rate Sideslip angle Hardware-in-the-loop-simulation (HILS)

OPTIMAL TORQUE CONTROL STRATEGY FOR PARALLEL HYBRID ELECTRIC VEHICLE WITH AUTOMATIC MECHANICAL TRANSMISSION

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Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering 2007年第1期20卷 16-20页

作者： GU Yanchun yin chengliang ZHANG Jianwu School of Mechanical Engineering Shanghai Jiaotong University Shanghai 200030 China

In parallel hybrid electrical vehicle （PHEV） equipped with automatic mechanical transmission （AMT）, the driving smoothness and the clutch abrasion are the primary considerations for powertrain control during gearshift and clutch operation. To improve these performance indexes of PHEV, a coordinated control system is proposed through the analyzing of HEV powertrain dynamic characteristics. Using the method of minimum principle, the input torque of transmission is optimized to improve the driving smoothness of vehicle. Using the methods of fuzzy logic and fuzzy-PID, the engaging speed of clutch and the throttle opening of engine are manipulated to ensure the smoothness of clutch engagement and reduce the abrasion of clutch friction plates. The motor provides the difference between the required input torque of transmission and the torque transmitted through clutch plates. Results of simulation and experiments show that the proposed control strategy performs better than the contrastive control system, the smoothness of driving and the abrasion of clutch can be improved simultaneously.

关键词： Parallel hybrid electric vehicle (PHEV) Automatic mechanical transmission (AMT) Driving smoothness Clutch abrasion Optimal control Fuzzy logic control

Realization and Analysis of Good Fuel Economy and Kinetic Performance of a Low-cost Hybrid Electric Vehicle

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Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering 2011年第5期24卷 774-789页

作者： WANG Lei ZHANG Jianlong yin chengliang ZHANG Yong WU Zhiwei National Engineering Laboratory for Automotive Electronic Control Technology Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240 China

By using high-power and high-efficiency propulsion systems,current hybrid electric vehicles（HEVs） in market can achieve excellent fuel economy and kinetic ***,it is the cost of current HEVs that hinders HEVs coming into widespread use.A novel hybrid electric propulsion system is designed to balance HEV cost and performance for developing markets.A battery/supercapacitor-based hybrid energy storage system（HESS） is used to improve energy conversion efficiency and reduce battery size and *** all-in-one-controller（AIOC） which integrates engine electronic control unit（ECU）,motor ECU,and HESS management system is developed to save materials and energy,and reduce the influence of distribution parameters on *** for the powertrain configuration,four schemes are presented：belt-driven starter generator（BSG） scheme,four-wheel drive HEV scheme,full HEV scheme,and ranger-extender electric vehicle（EV） *** selection and parameter matching for the propulsion system are performed,and an energy management strategy is developed based on powertrain configuration and selected ***-facing simulation models are built,comprehending the control strategy based on the optimal engine torque for the low-cost hybrid electric propulsion ***-simulation of AVL CRUISE and Matlab/Simulink is presented and the best scheme is *** simulation results indicate that,for the best design,fuel consumption in urban driving condition is 4.11 L/（100 km） and 0-50 km/h accelerating time is 10.95 *** proposed research can realize low-cost concept for HEV while achieving satisfactory fuel economy and kinetic performance,and help to improve commercialization of HEVs.

关键词： low-cost hybrid electric vehicle hybrid energy storage system(HESS) fuel economy kinetic performance co-simulation cost and performance tradeoff

Distributed multilane merging for connected autonomous vehicle platooning

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2021年第11期64卷 171-186页

作者： Jingkai WU Yafei WANG Zhaokun SHEN Lin WANG Haiping DU chengliang yin School of Mechanical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Electrical Computer and Telecommunications Engineering University of Wollongong

In the context of coordination of connected autonomous vehicles(CAVs), the platooning operation is a promising application. The formulation of a single stream of CAVs is conducive to traffic efficiency and merging operations extend the benefits for multilane road users. However, the problem of simultaneous merging and platooning lacks comprehensive investigation. A solution is formulated in this paper through a new scheme that considers inter-vehicle safety distance constraints and distributed deployment utilizing local inter-vehicle information exchanges. A distributed consensus-based controller synthesized with a collision avoidance design is developed to direct the CAVs to maintain the velocity and spacing required to avoid intervehicle collisions. Furthermore, a framework fusing an agent motion model with vehicle controllers based on a dynamics model that facilitates both longitudinal and lateral controls is proposed, contributing to a cross-model planning-tracking controller. Theoretical proof of asymptotic stability of the proposed controller and its collision avoidance capability are also elaborated. The merging and platooning function was tested in a hardware-in-the-loop(Hi L) experiment, demonstrating the precise tracking performance and comparable merging responses to a typical multiagent system. In comparison with trajectory-based merging algorithms,the proposed framework is able to achieve finer stepwise tracking results without centralized coordination or predefined trajectories.

关键词： platoon merging connected autonomous vehicle multiagent system distributed controller

Manual Transmission Gear Rattle Vibration Research Based on Mathematical and Multi-Body Dynamics Co-simulation and Experiment

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Journal of Shanghai Jiaotong university(Science) 2019年第4期24卷 524-533页

作者： LI Meng ZHANG Yong LIU Fengyu yin chengliang National Engineering Laboratory for Automotive Electronic Control Technology Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China

A method, which compares the angular acceleration and vibration spectrums of shafts and gears with physical characteristics of gearbox as tooth numbers and speed ratios, is proposed to find the source of gear rattle vibration. A mathematical and multi-body dynamics co-simulation model is built to reproduce the gear rattle phenomenon of one typical type of manual transmission. In the model, multi-body dynamics part is used for rotational motion and engagement simulation of gearbox shafts and gears, while mathematical part for control and data processing. The simulation results show that the sound source of the gear rattle from the first gear to the third gear is similar to the experimental results;different parameters like rotating damping, contact stiffness,contact damping, inertia moment and torque fluctuation making effects on gear rattle vibration strength are researched and simulated. The comparison of the simulation and experimental results shows that this method can provide recommendations for solving practical gear rattle problems.

关键词： gear rattle manual transmission mathematical model multi-body dynamics co-simulation