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Inversion of maize leaf nitrogen using UAV hyperspectral imagery in breeding fields

International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2024年第3期17卷 144-155页

作者： Qiwen cheng Bingsun Wu Huichun Ye Yongyi Liang Yingpu Che Anting Guo Zixuan wang Zhiqiang tao Wenwei Li Jingjing wang School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry Hainan UniversityHaikou 570228China Rubber Research Institute Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural SciencesHaikou 571101China Key Laboratory of Earth Observation of Hainan Province Hainan Aerospace Information Research InstituteSanya 572029HainanChina Key Laboratory of Digital Earth Science Aerospace Information Research InstituteChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100094China Institute of Crop Science Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China

Nitrogen(N)as a pivotal factor in influencing the growth,development,and yield of *** the N status of maize rapidly and non-destructive and real-time is meaningful in fertilization management of agriculture,based on unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)remote sensing *** this study,the hyperspectral images were acquired by UAV and the leaf nitrogen content(LNC)and leaf nitrogen accumulation(LNA)were measured to estimate the N nutrition status of maize.24 vegetation indices(VIs)were constructed using hyperspectral images,and four prediction models were used to estimate the LNC and LNA of *** models include a single linear regression model,multivariable linear regression(MLR)model,random forest regression(RFR)model,and support vector regression(SVR)***,the model with the highest prediction accuracy was applied to invert the LNC and LNA of maize in breeding *** results of the single linear regression model with 24 VIs showed that normalized difference chlorophyll(NDchl)had the highest prediction accuracy for LNC(R^(2),RMSE,and RE were 0.72,0.21,and 12.19%,respectively)and LNA(R^(2),RMSE,and RE were 0.77,0.26,and 14.34%,respectively).And then,24 VIs were divided into 13 important VIs and 11 unimportant *** prediction models for LNC and LNA were constructed using 13 important VIs,and the results showed that RFR and SVR models significantly enhanced the prediction accuracy of LNC and LNA compared to the multivariable linear regression model,in which RFR model had the highest prediction accuracy for the validation dataset of LNC(R^(2),RMSE,and RE were 0.78,0.16,and 8.83%,respectively)and LNA(R^(2),RMSE,and RE were 0.85,0.19,and 9.88%,respectively).This study provides a theoretical basis for N diagnosis and precise management of crop production based on hyperspectral remote sensing in precision agriculture.

关键词： maize nitrogen hyperspectral imagery vegetation index UAV random forest regression support vector regression

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Inherent thermal-responsive strategies for safe lithium batteries

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第2期89卷 519-534,I0012页

作者： Jia-Xin Guo Chang Gao He Liu Feng Jiang Zaichun Liu tao wang Yuan Ma Yiren Zhong Jiarui He Zhi Zhu Yuping Wu Xin-Bing cheng School of Energy and Environment Southeast UniversityNanjing 211189JiangsuChina School of Chemistry and Materials Science Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing 210044JiangsuChina

Safe batteries are the basis for next-generation application scenarios such as portable energy storage devices and electric vehicles,which are crucial to achieving carbon ***,separators,and electrodes as main components of lithium batteries strongly affect the occurrence of safety *** materials,which can respond to external stimuli or environmental change,have triggered extensive attentions recently,holding great promise in facilitating safe and smart *** review thoroughly discusses recent advances regarding the construction of high-safety lithium batteries based on internal thermal-responsive strategies,together with the corresponding changes in electrochemical performance under external ***,the existing challenges and outlook for the design of safe batteries are presented,creating valuable insights and proposing directions for the practical implementation of safe lithium batteries.

关键词： Lithium battery Thermal safety Thermal runaway Thermal-responsive

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Dynamic properties of micro-NPR material and its controlling effect on surrounding rock mass with impact disturbances

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Underground Space 2024年第2期15卷 331-352页

作者： Manchao He Jie Hu Tai cheng Fei Deng Zhigang tao Hongru Li Di Peng Department of Geotechnical Engineering College of Civil EngineeringTongji UniversityShanghai 200092China State Key Laboratory for Geomechanics and Deep Underground Engineering China University of Mining&TechnologyBeijing 100083China Luohe Vocational Technology College Henan 462002China

A novel meta steel with negative Poisson’s ratio effect(termed as micro-NPR steel)is developed for rock support in deep underground *** possesses high strength,high ductility,and high energy absorption *** this paper,static tension and modified dynamic drop hammer tests are performed on this novel material to investigate its mechanical properties *** based on this material,a new generation of micro-NPR anchor cable is developed and applied in field tests subjected to blasting dynamic *** results of laboratory tests reveal that the ultimate elongation of micro-NPR steel under dynamic impacts is more than 30%and it is over 1.5 times that of Q235;the plastic and total energy absorption of micro-NPR are both significantly higher than that of *** test indicates the fine controlling effect of micro-NPR anchor cable on surrounding rock mass under dynamic *** force confirms that micro-NPR cables can distribute and absorb the dynamic energy uniformly around the supported rock when subjected to dynamic disturbance,avoiding local failure induced by excessive stress *** excavation compensation principle and energy-absorbing characteristics are used to explain the support ***,micro-NPR material and anchor cable can control and prevent dynamic disasters in deep underground engineering effectively.

关键词： Micro-NPR steel Energy-absorbing Drop hammer test Anchor cable Field test

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Analysis of learnability of a novel hybrid quantum-classical convolutional neural network in image classification

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Chinese Physics B 2024年第4期33卷 275-283页

作者：程涛赵润盛王爽王睿马鸿洋 School of Sciences Qingdao University of TechnologyQingdao 266033China School of Information and Control Engineering Qingdao University of TechnologyQingdao 266033China

We design a new hybrid quantum-classical convolutional neural network(HQCCNN)model based on parameter quantum *** this model,we use parameterized quantum circuits(PQCs)to redesign the convolutional layer in classical convolutional neural networks,forming a new quantum convolutional layer to achieve unitary transformation of quantum states,enabling the model to more accurately extract hidden information from *** the same time,we combine the classical fully connected layer with PQCs to form a new hybrid quantum-classical fully connected layer to further improve the accuracy of ***,we use the MNIST dataset to test the potential of the *** results indicate that the HQCCNN has good performance in solving classification *** binary classification tasks,the classification accuracy of numbers 5 and 7 is as high as 99.71%.In multivariate classification,the accuracy rate also reaches 98.51%.Finally,we compare the performance of the HQCCNN with other models and find that the HQCCNN has better classification performance and convergence speed.

关键词： parameterized quantum circuits quantum machine learning hybrid quantum-classical convolutional neural network

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Multiframe-integrated, in-sensor computing using persistent photoconductivity

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Journal of Semiconductors 2024年第9期45卷 36-41页

作者： Xiaoyong Jiang Minrui Ye Yunhai Li Xiao Fu Tangxin Li Qixiao Zhao Jinjin wang tao Zhang Jinshui Miao Zengguang cheng School of Microelectronics Fudan UniversityShanghai 200433China Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study University of Chinese Academy of SciencesHangzhou 310024China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China School of Information Science and Technology ShanghaiTech UniversityShanghai 201210China

The utilization of processing capabilities within the detector holds significant promise in addressing energy consumption and latency challenges. Especially in the context of dynamic motion recognition tasks, where substantial data transfers are necessitated by the generation of extensive information and the need for frame-by-frame analysis. Herein, we present a novel approach for dynamic motion recognition, leveraging a spatial-temporal in-sensor computing system rooted in multiframe integration by employing photodetector. Our approach introduced a retinomorphic MoS_(2) photodetector device for motion detection and analysis. The device enables the generation of informative final states, nonlinearly embedding both past and present frames. Subsequent multiply-accumulate (MAC) calculations are efficiently performed as the classifier. When evaluating our devices for target detection and direction classification, we achieved an impressive recognition accuracy of 93.5%. By eliminating the need for frame-by-frame analysis, our system not only achieves high precision but also facilitates energy-efficient in-sensor computing.

关键词： in-sensor MoS2 photodetector persistent photoconductivity reservoir computing

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Spatiotemporal variations in glacier area and surface velocity of the northern Antarctic Peninsula during 2018-2022

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Advances in Climate Change Research 2024年第2期15卷 297-311页

作者： Yu-Long KANG Shi-Chang KANG Wan-Qin GUO tao CHE Zong-Li JIANG Zhen-Feng wang Qiang-Qiang XU cheng-De YANG State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Science Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100083China Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing of Gansu Province Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China School of Earth Sciences and Spatial Information Engineering Hunan University of Science and TechnologyXiangtan 411201China

Ice sheet serves as a crucial indicator for assessing climate *** loss in recent remote sensing-based studies indicated that the Antarctic Peninsula has rapid rates of glacier retreat and speed up of surface ***,observations of seasonal variability of ice speed are limited,and glacier-area changes require multi-temporal *** study investigated the changes in area and surface velocities of∼375 glaciers on the northern Antarctic Peninsula(NAP)utilizing satellite images acquired by the Sentinel 1&2 satellites during *** results indicate that the glacier area reduced by approximately 166.1±44.2 km^(2)(-0.2%±0.1%per year)during the study period,with an acceleration after 2020(-0.4%±0.3%per year),and the most dramatic reduction happened on the eastern *** maximum annual ice speeds on the NAP generally exceeded 3500 m per year,while the ice speeds in 2021 were the highest(exceeded 4210 m per year).The ice speed variability in austral autumn was higher than in other seasons,meanwhile the summer ice speeds showed an increasing *** glacier G012158E47018N,McNeile Glacier,glacier G299637E64094S and Drygalski Glacier showed the most remarkable ice speed variations represented by high daily velocities and strong fluctuations on their *** results demonstrated that the variations in glacier area and seasonal ice speed on the NAP were responsive to the ice-ocean-atmosphere ***,seasonal velocity and area variations should be considered when conducting accurate mass balance calculations,model validations and change mechanism analyses under climate warming scenarios.

关键词： Glacier area Seasonal ice speed Sentinel 1&2 Northern Antarctic Peninsula Ice-ocean-atmosphere processes

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Enhanced thermal conductivity and mechanical properties of 2D C_(f)/SiC composites modified by in-situ grown carbon nanotubes

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Journal of Advanced Ceramics 2024年第1期13卷 19-33页

作者： Changhui Niu Qing Zhang Laifei cheng Fang Ye Litong Zhang Min Huang tao Yang Science and Technology on Thermostructure Composite Materials Laboratory Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an 710072China Civil Aviation Department Zhejiang Institute of CommunicationsHangzhou 311112China Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Cutting Tools Taizhou UniversityTaizhou 318000China

In this work,the effects of carbon nanotubes(CNTs)on the microstructure evolution,thermal conductivity,and mechanical properties of C_(f)/SiC composites during chemical vapor infiltration(CVI)densification were investigated in *** with composites without CNTs,the thermal conductivity,flexural strength,flexural modulus,fracture toughness,interfacial shear strength,and proportional limit stress of specimens with CNTs of 4.94 wt%were improved by 117%,21.8%,67.4%,10.3%,36.4%,and 71.1%,*** improvement was attributed to the role of CNTs in the division of inter-layer pores,which provided abundant vapor growth sites for the ceramic matrix and promoted densification of the whole *** addition,the high thermal conductivity network formed by the overlap of CNTs and the rivet strengthening effect of CNTs were beneficial for synergistic improvement of thermal conductivity and mechanical properties of the ***,this study has practical significance for the development of thermal protection composite components with enhanced thermal conductivity and mechanical characteristics.

关键词： ceramic−matrix composites carbon nanotubes microstructure thermal conductivity mechanical properties

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Flake channels construction of hydroxyapatite/gelatin cryogel with excellent flame retardant properties for enhancing the capturing of iodine

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Collagen and Leather 2024年第1期5卷 101-112页

作者： Yanxia Wei Bo wang Liyan Cao Xin cheng Yuhan Qiao tao Duan Guiqiang He Pingping Ding Yan Zhou Jian Zhou Engineering Research Center of Biomass Materials School of Life Science and EngineeringMinistry of EducationSouthwest University of Science and Technology The Collelge of Nuclear Technology and Automation Engineering Chengdu University of Technology NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear Technology Medical Transformation Mianyang Central Hospital

Safe and efficient capturing of volatile radioiodine is of extremely important significance in the treatment of spent ***,the flake channels in gelatin-hydroxyapatite（HAP@Ge） cryogel with excellent flame retardant properties were constructed by immobilizing hydroxyapatite nanorods（HAP） on Gelatin（Ge） cryogel for enhancing the capturing of *** immobilization of HAP nanorods enhanced thermal stability,provided low rates of dynamic heat transfer and dissipation,and remarkably improved the flame retardant and smoke suppression properties of the Ge cryogel,which can effectively prevent the occurrence of safety incidents caused by further thermal degradation or combustion of this *** importantly,it was effective in improving the rapid enrichment of iodine,resulting in a high adsorption *** maximum adsorption capacity of HAP@Ge cryogel for iodine vapor reached2693 mg/g at *** high adsorption capacity for iodine was attributed to the multi-scale porous structure in HAP@Ge cryogel,which offered effective channels for iodine diffusion,whereas the numerous complex and irregular flakes provided sufficient number of active sites for iodine *** adsorption process was chemical in nature and involved the-PO43-,-OH,-C=O,and-NHR groups on HAP@Ge ***,the complex porous structure of HAP@Ge cryogel enhanced the physical capturing of *** advantages,such as low-cost raw material,simple preparation method,good flame retardancy,and excellent capturing performance for iodine indicated that HAP@Ge cryogel is a potential candidate for the removal of radioactive iodine in the exhaust gas stream of post-treatment plants.

关键词： Gelatin Hydroxyapatite nanorod Flake channel Flame retardancy Iodine capture

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使用深度学习在CTA扫描卷下实现主动脉夹层分类和直径测量的双功能系统

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Engineering 2024年第3期34卷 83-91页

作者： Zhihui Huang Rui wang Hui Yu Yifan Xu cheng cheng Guangwei wang Haosen Cao Xiang Wei Hai-tao Zhang School of Artificial Intelligence and Automation&the MOE Engineering Research Center of Autonomous Intelligent Unmanned Systems&the State Key Laboratory of Intelligent Manufacturing Equipment and Technology Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China Division of Cardiovascular Surgery Tongji HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430030China Wuhan Children’s Hospital:Wuhan Women and Children Medical Care Center Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430010China

Acute aortic dissection is one of the most life-threatening cardiovascular diseases,with a high mortality *** prevalence ranges from 0.2%to 0.8%in humans,resulting in a significant number of deaths due to being missed in manual *** importantly,the aortic diameter—a critical indicator for surgical selection—significantly influences the outcomes of surgeries ***,it is an urgent yet challenging mission to develop an automatic aortic dissection diagnostic system that can recognize and classify the aortic dissection type and measure the aortic *** paper offers a dual-functional deep learning system called aortic dissections diagnosis-aiding system(DDAsys)that enables both accurate classification of aortic dissection and precise diameter measurement of the *** this end,we created a dataset containing 61190 computed tomography angiography(CTA)images from 279 patients from the Division of Cardiovascular Surgery at Tongji Hospital,Wuhan,*** dataset provides a slice-level summary of difficult-to-identify features,which helps to improve the accuracy of both recognition and *** system achieves a recognition F1 score of 0.984,an average classification F1 score of 0.935,and the respective measurement precisions for ascending and descending aortic diameters are 0.994 mm and 0.767 mm root mean square error(RMSE).The high consistency(88.6%)between the recommended surgical treatments and the actual corresponding surgeries verifies the capability of our system to aid clinicians in developing a more prompt,precise,and consistent treatment strategy.

关键词： Aortic dissections Computed tomography angiography Classification Deep learning

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Versatile photonic molecule switch in multimode microresonators

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第3期13卷 498-509页

作者： Zihan tao Bitao Shen Wencan Li Luwen Xing Haoyu wang Yichen Wu Yuansheng tao Yan Zhou Yandong He Chao Peng Haowen Shu Xingjun wang State Key Laboratory of Advanced Optical Communications System and Networks School of ElectronicsPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China College of Engineering Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China School of Integrated Circuits Peking University100871 BejingChina Peking University Yangtze Delta Institute of Optoelectronics Nantong 226010China Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China Peng cheng Laboratory Shenzhen 518055China

Harnessing optical supermode interaction to construct artificial photonic molecules has uncovered a series of fundamental optical phenomena analogous to atomic ***,the distinct energy levels and interactions in such two-level systems were provided by coupled *** reconfigurability is limited,as they often require delicate external field stimuli or mechanically altering the geometric *** highly specific approaches also limit potential ***,we propose a versatile on-chip photonic molecule in a multimode microring,utilizing a flexible regulation methodology to dynamically control the existence and interaction strength of spatial *** transition between single/multi-mode states enables the“switched-off/on”functionality of the photonic molecule,supporting wider generalized applications *** particular,“switched-on”state shows flexible and multidimensional mode splitting control in aspects of both coupling strength and phase difference,equivalent to the *** *** effect.“Switched-off”state allows for perfect low-loss single-mode transition(Qi~10 million)under an ultra-compact bend size(FSR~115 GHz)in a foundry-based silicon *** breaks the stereotyped image of the FSR-Q factor trade-off,enabling ultra-wideband and high-resolution millimeter-wave photonic *** demonstration provides a flexible and portable solution for the integrated photonic molecule system,extending its research scope from fundamental physics to real-world applications such as nonlinear optical signal processing and sixth-generation wireless communication.

关键词： switched multimode millimeter

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