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Biological Mode of Action of Dimethomorph on Pseudoperonospora cubensis and Its Systemic Activity in Cucumber

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Agricultural Sciences in China 2009年第2期8卷 172-181页

作者： wang Han-cheng ZHOU ming-guo wang Jian-xin CHEN Chang-jun LI Hong-xia SUN Hai-yan College of Plant Protection Nanjing Agricultural University Nanjing 210095 P.R.China

Dimethomorph is a fungicide with high activity against Peronosporomycetes plant pathogens. The present study showed that dimethomorph is effective on controlling the oomycete fungal pathogen Pseudoperonospora cubensis causing downy mildew on cucumber. The fungicide did not affect zoospores discharge from sporangia of P. cubensis, but it strongly inhibited mycelial growth and sporangial production in vitro and increased lysis of zoospores. Dose of 2 mg L^-1 of dimethomorph was sufficient to inhibit mycelial growth and sporangial production of P. cubensis on leaf disks, 5 mg L^-1 was enough to lyse zoospores of P. cubensis, and 25 mg L^-1 was required to inhibit sporangial production on detached leaves. In whole plant tests, dimethomorph exhibited strong protective and curative activity. Dimethomorph when applied at a dose of 300 mg L^-1 for 1, 3, 5, 7 days before inoculation exhibited 100% efficacy on disease control. On the other hand, efficacies of 67.1 and 31.5% were obtained when the same dose of dimethomorph was applied for 1 and 3 days after inoculation, respectively. So dimethomorph had persistence effect on leaves for 7 days at least and exhibited strong protective and curative activity. Bioassay analyses showed that dimethomorph could be translocated in the xylem system, redistributed in the leaf, and penetrated from the upper surface to the lower surface of the leaf but could not be translocated in phloem system or transferred from the roots to leaves of cucumber plants in sufficient amounts for disease control. The biocharacteristics of dimethomorph make it well suitable for integration of a control programme against downy mildew disease on cucumber and as a component to delay other peronosporomycetes fungicide-resistance development.

关键词： biological activity dimethomorph Pseudoperonospora cubensis systemic activity

1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 pretreatment enhances the efficacy of allergen immunotherapy in a mouse allergic asthma model

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Chinese Medical Journal 2010年第24期123卷 3591-3596页

作者： MA Jian-xin XIA Jun-bo cheng Xiao-ming wang Chang-zheng Institute of Respiratory Diseases the Second Affiliated Hospital of the Third Military Medical University Chongqing 400037 China

Background Allergen-specific immunotherapy can induce immune tolerance to specific allergens by regulating immune status of individuals. However, its clinical application is limited due to individual differences in efficacy among patients and un-confirmed safety. 1,25 Dihydroxyvitamin D3 （1,25（OH）2D3） has been shown to be involved in a variety of physiological processes, including immune response regulation. In the present study we explored the role of 1,25（OH）2D3 pretreatment for *** Seventy-five BALB/c mice were randomly divided into five groups （15 mice per group）. The mouse allergic asthma model was established by intra-peritoneal injection of ovalbumin （OVA, 10 μg） and aluminium hydroxide （2 mg）as an adjuvant. Intra-peritoneal injection of 50 ng of 1,25（OH）2D3 served as a pretreatment, subcutaneous injection of OVA （100 μg） as an immunotherapy, and 1% OVA inhalation as a challenge. Histopathological analysis was performed on four mice per group. The number of cells and their classification in bronchoalvolar lavage （BAL） fluid were *** of serum OVA-specific immunoglobulin E （slgE） and IFN-Y, IL-4, IL-5 and IL-10 in BAL fluid were measured by *** After 1,25（OH）2D3 pretreatment, immunotherapy could significantly inhibit the infiltration of inflammatory cells into lung tissues and BAL fluid of mice with allergic asthma when compared with un-treated animals （eosinophils：（7.46±1.34）×104/ml vs. （13.41±1.67）×104/ml, P ＜0.05）. In addition, levels of IL-4 （（36.g1±7.87） pg/ml vs. （43.70±6.42）pg/ml, P ＞0.05） and IL-5 （（41.97±7.93） pg/ml vs. （60.14±8.35） pg/ml, P ＜0.05） in BAL fluid and serum slgE （（0.42±0.05）vs. （0.75±0.06） OD units, P ＜0.05） were profoundly reduced. However, the IL-10 level in BAL fluid was significantly increased （（67.74±6.57） pg/ml vs. （44.62±8.81） pg/ml, P ＜0.05）.Conclusions These results indicated that 1,25（OH）2D3 pretreatment enhanced the inhibitory effects of immunotherapy on allergic airway inflammation. In th

关键词： asthma airway inflammation immunotherapy vitamin D3

A potential giant gallium deposit hosted in the tailing dam of the Fankou Zn-Pb deposit in northern Guangdong Province, South China

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China Geology 2024年第1期7卷 157-160页

作者： Peng-peng Yu Zhao-bin Hu Yi Zheng Lan-xuan Guo Shi-yuan Ouyang Gui-qiang Yuan Shang-zhou Chen cheng-ming wang Xi Chen School of Earth Sciences and Geological Engineering Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510275China Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Geological Process and Mineral Resources Survey Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510275China Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Zhuhai) Zhuhai 519000China Zhongjin Lingnan Nonfemet Co. LtdShenzhen 518000China

*** The Fankou giant zinc(Zn)-lead(Pb)deposit in Guangdong Province is well-known for its huge reserves of over 10 Mt(million ton)Zn+Pb metals and high ore-grade with Zn+Pb exceeding 15%(Guangdong Fankou Deposit Investigation Group,1980;Zhu XY et al.,2017).After 60 years of exploration and exploitation,the deposit has accumulated millions of tons of *** interesting question is that what components are hosted in these tailings,and whether some key and critical metals such as gallium and germanium are extremely enriched and worth further comprehensive *** motivated us to conduct an integrated set of field investigation,sampling,major-trace element analyses and reserve assessments about the Fankou *** this contribution,we discover that the tailings contain a variety of metal elements such as zinc,lead and gallium with comprehensive utilization *** data can act as a scientific guidance for further exploration and utilization of the Fankou tailings,and aid to enhance the utilization efficiency of the key mineral resource in *** study also provide demonstration for future green mine construction in China.

关键词： deposit comprehensive Guangdong

Genomes reveal selective sweeps in kiang and donkey for high-altitude adaptation

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Zoological Research 2021年第4期42卷 450-460页

作者： Lin Zeng He-Qun Liu Xiao-Long Tu Chang-Mian Ji Xiao Gou Ali Esmailizadeh Sheng wang ming-Shan wang ming-cheng wang Xiao-Long Li Hadi Charati Adeniyi CAdeola Rahamon Akinyele Moshood Adedokun Olatunbosun Oladipo Sunday Charles Olaogun Oscar JSanke Mangbon Godwin F Sheila Cecily Ommeh Bernard Agwanda Jacqueline Kasiiti Lichoti Jian-Lin Han Hong-Kun Zheng Chang-Fa wang Ya-Ping Zhang Laurent A.F.Frantz Dong-Dong Wu State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution Kunming Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesKunmingYunnan 650223China Hainan Key Laboratory for Biosafety Monitoring and Molecular Breeding in Off-Season Reproduction Regions Institute of Tropical Bioscience and BiotechnologyChinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural SciencesHaikouHainan 571101China College of Animal Science and Technology Yunnan Agricultural UniversityKunmingYunnan 650201China Department of Animal Science Faculty of AgricultureShahid Bahonar University of KermanKermanPB 76169-133Iran Kunming College of Life Science University of Chinese Academy of SciencesKunmingYunnan 650204China Sino-Africa Joint Research Center Chinese Academy of SciencesKunmingYunnan 650223China Center for Excellence in Animal Evolution and Genetics Chinese Academy of SciencesKunmingYunnan 650223China Institute of Three-River-Source National Park Chinese Academy of SciencesXiningQinghai 810008China School of Biological and Chemical Sciences Queen Mary University of LondonLondon E14NSUK Department of Genetics Albert Einstein College of MedicineBronxNew YorkNY 10461USA Annoroad Gene Tech.(Beijing)Co. Ltd.Beijing 100176China State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution Yunnan Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Domestic AnimalsGermplasm Bank of Wild SpeciesKunming Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesKunmingYunnan 650223China Department of Veterinary Medicine University of IbadanIbadan 200284Nigeria Federal College of Animal Health and Production Technology Moor-PlantationIbadan 234102Nigeria Taraba State Ministry of Agriculture and Natural Resources Jalingo 660221Nigeria Division of Veterinary Office Serti 663101Nigeria Institute For Biotechnology Research Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology Nairobi 62000-00200Kenya Department of Zoology National Museums of KenyaNairobi 40658-00100Kenya State Department of Livestock Ministry of AgricultureLivestockFisheries and IrrigationN

Over the last several hundred years,donkeys have adapted to high-altitude conditions on the Tibetan ***,the kiang,a closely related equid species,also inhabits this *** reports have demonstrated the importance of specific genes and adaptive introgression in divergent lineages for adaptation to hypoxic conditions on the Tibetan ***,we assessed whether donkeys and kiangs adapted to the Tibetan Plateau via the same or different biological pathways and whether adaptive introgression has *** assembled a de novo genome from a kiang individual and analyzed the genomes of five kiangs and 93 donkeys(including 24 from the Tibetan Plateau).Our analyses suggested the existence of a strong hard selective sweep at the EPAS1 locus in *** Tibetan donkeys,however,another gene,i.e.,EGLN1,was likely involved in their adaptation to high *** addition,admixture analysis found no evidence for interspecific gene flow between kiangs and Tibetan *** findings indicate that despite the short evolutionary time scale since the arrival of donkeys on the Tibetan Plateau,as well as the existence of a closely related species already adapted to hypoxia,Tibetan donkeys did not acquire adaptation via admixture but instead evolved adaptations via a different biological pathway.

关键词： Kiang Donkey High altitude Adaptation Selection

Pathogenic and pathological characteristic of new type gosling viral enteritis first observed in China

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2001年第5期7卷 678-684页

作者： An-Chun cheng ming-Shu wang Xiao-Yue Chen Yu-Fei Guo Zhao-Yu Liu Peng-Fei Fang College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine,Sichuan Agricultural University,Xinkang Road,Yaan City 625014,Sichuan Province,China College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine Sichuan Agricultural University Yaan 625014 Sichuan Province China. Chenganchun@***

AIM: To study the purifying method and characteristics of new gosling viral enteritis virus (NGVEV),the etiological agent of new gosling viral enteritis (NGVE) which was first recognized in China, as well as the pathomorphological development in goslings infected artificially with NGVEV. METHODS: (1)NGVEV virions were purified by the procedure of treatment with chloroform and ammonium sulfate precipitation, dialysis to remove the sulfate radical and ammonium ion and separation by gel filtration chromatography, and SDS-PAGE. (2)Forty-2-day-old White Sichuan goslings were orally administered with NGVEV and 24 hr later 2 birds were randomly selected and killed at 24hr intervals until death occurred. Specimens(duodenum, ileum, liver, heart, kidney, spleen, lung, proventriculus, pancreas, esophagus, and the intestinal embolus) were taken until all birds in this group died and were sectioned and stained with hemotoxylin and eosin and studied by light microscope. RESULTS: NGVEV shared the typical characteristics of Adenovirus and which structural proteins consisted of 15 polypeptides. Necrosis and sloughing of the epithelial cells covering the villus tips of the duodenum were first observed in goslings 2 days postinfection artificially with NGVEV. With the progress of infection, this lesion rapidly occurred in the epithelium at the base of the villus and with infiltration of the inflammatory cells, the jejunum tended to be involved. With the intensification of mucosa necrosis and inflammatory exudation of the small intestine, fibrinonecrotic enteritis was further developed and embolus composed of either intestinal contents wrapped by pseudo-membrane or of the mixture of fibrous exudate and necrotic intestinal mucosa were observed in the middle-lower part of the small intestine. This structure occluded the intestinal tract and made the intestine dilated in appearance. The intestinal glandular cells underwent degeneration, necrosis and might be found sloughed into the lumen.

关键词： Adenoviridae Animals Brain China DNA, Viral Enteritis Female Geese Inclusion Bodies, Viral Poultry Diseases Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Virulence Viscera

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环境对国际贸易的积极作用和消极影响

国际经贸探索 2008年第3期24卷 14-18页

作者：程名望王莉同济大学经济与管理学院上海200092

环境和贸易之间有着复杂的关系和相互影响,一个领域的政策措施会不断地对另一个领域产生显著而重要的影响。环境对贸易既有积极影响又有消极作用。一方面环境为贸易的可持续发展提供了基础,另一方面,严格的环境保护政策,会给发展中国家... 详细信息

环境和贸易之间有着复杂的关系和相互影响,一个领域的政策措施会不断地对另一个领域产生显著而重要的影响。环境对贸易既有积极影响又有消极作用。一方面环境为贸易的可持续发展提供了基础,另一方面,严格的环境保护政策,会给发展中国家的贸易带来不利影响。我国要保持贸易利益和促使经济持续发展,就必须认识到环境和贸易的密切关系,趋利避害,采取必要的应对和发展措施。

关键词：贸易环境影响

Role of antidiabetic agents in type 2 diabetes patients with chronic kidney disease

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World Journal of Diabetes 2023年第4期14卷 352-363页

作者： Wei-Ren Lin Kuan-Hung Liu Tsai-Chieh Ling ming-cheng wang Wei-Hung Lin Division of Nephrology Department of Internal MedicineNational Cheng Kung University HospitalTainan 704Taiwan

Insulin resistance is a condition in which the target tissues have a decreased response to insulin signaling,resulting in glucose uptake defect,and an increased blood sugar *** beta cells thus enhance insulin production to *** situation may cause further beta cell dysfunction and failure,which can lead diabetes mellitus(DM).Insulin resistance is thus an important cause of the development of type 2 *** resistance has also been found to have a strong relationship with cardiovascular disease and is common in chronic kidney disease(CKD)*** mechanisms of insulin resistance in CKD are complex and *** include physical inactivity,inflammation and oxidative stress,metabolic acidosis,vitamin D deficiency,adipose tissue dysfun-ction,uremic toxins,and renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system ***,available anti-diabetic agents,such as biguanides,sulfonylureas,thiazolidinediones,alfa-glucosidase inhibitors,glucagon-like peptide-1-based agents,and sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitors,have different effects on insulin *** this short review,we describe the potential mechanisms of insulin resistance in CKD *** also review the interaction of currently available anti-diabetic medications with insulin resistance.

关键词： Insulin resistance Chronic kidney disease Cardiovascular events Antidiabetic agents

个人特征、家庭特征对农村非农就业影响的实证

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中国人口·资源与环境 2012年第2期22卷 94-99页

作者：程名望潘烜同济大学经济与管理学院上海200093

工业化对于一个国家或地区经济腾飞的重要性,已经被西方发达国家的经验和道路所证实。在实现工业化的过程中,农村劳动力转移是世界各国都曾经或必将面对的重要课题。本文运用行为主义研究方法,利用2003-2006年全国农村固定观察点的数据... 详细信息

工业化对于一个国家或地区经济腾飞的重要性,已经被西方发达国家的经验和道路所证实。在实现工业化的过程中,农村劳动力转移是世界各国都曾经或必将面对的重要课题。本文运用行为主义研究方法,利用2003-2006年全国农村固定观察点的数据,建立Probit模型实证分析了农民个体特征和农户家庭特征对农村非农就业的影响。研究发现:就样本个人特征而言,户主或家庭主要经营者、男性、文化程度较高、身体健康的农民从事农村非农就业的意愿更强,职业教育或培训对于农村非农就业有明显的促进作用,而是否农业户口对农村非农就业的影响并不明显。就样本家庭特征而言,家庭类型会影响农民在农村的非农就业倾向,同时,乡村干部户从事非农产业的倾向性更强,少数民族户和信教户从事非农产业的倾向性较弱,"是否国家干部职工户"、"是否党员户"对农村非农就业的影响并不显著。重视农民的个人特征和家庭特征差异,大力发展农村非农产业,促进农村非农就业是我国政府解决农村剩余劳动力转移问题的重要战略选择。

关键词：个人特征家庭特征农村非农就业 Probit模型

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ICT服务业资本存量及其产出弹性估算研究

中国管理科学 2019年第11期27卷 189-199页

作者：程名望张家平同济大学经济与管理学院

21世纪以来,ICT发展已经深刻地影响着中国经济社会。为检验中国ICT资本是否存在"生产率悖论",本文运用PIM系统估算了2003-2016年期间全国层面和地区层面ICT服务业和非ICT服务业资本存量及其产出弹性。研究发现,中国ICT服务业存在明显的... 详细信息

21世纪以来,ICT发展已经深刻地影响着中国经济社会。为检验中国ICT资本是否存在"生产率悖论",本文运用PIM系统估算了2003-2016年期间全国层面和地区层面ICT服务业和非ICT服务业资本存量及其产出弹性。研究发现,中国ICT服务业存在明显的"投资不足",但在2012年以后有所缓和;ICT服务业资本存量在各地区表现非均衡分布,但其差距趋于收敛;ICT服务业资本对中国经济增长具有显著的促进作用,产出弹性在0.1605-0.1705之间;从时间趋势来看,考察期间内ICT服务业资本对中国经济增长的影响效果不断增强,从区域差异来看,ICT服务业资本产出弹性在东、中和西部呈依次递减趋势。本文研究证实中国ICT资本不存在"生产率悖论"。

关键词：数字中国 ICT服务业资本存量产出弹性生产率悖论